Set behavior of sprintf-like functions with overlapping source and destination

According to ISO C99, passing the same buffer as source and destination
to sprintf, snprintf, vsprintf, or vsnprintf has undefined behavior.
Until the commit

  commit 4e2f43f842ef5e253cc23383645adbaa03cedb86
  Author: Zack Weinberg <zackw@panix.com>
  Date:   Wed Mar 7 14:32:03 2018 -0500

      Use PRINTF_FORTIFY instead of _IO_FLAGS2_FORTIFY (bug 11319)

a call to sprintf or vsprintf with overlapping buffers, for instance
vsprintf (buf, "%sTEXT", buf), would append `TEXT' into buf, while a
call to snprintf or vsnprintf would override the contents of buf.
After the aforementioned commit, the behavior of sprintf and vsprintf
changed (so that they also override the contents of buf).

This patch reverts this behavioral change, because it will likely break
applications that rely on the previous behavior, even though it is
undefined by ISO C.  As noted by Szabolcs Nagy, this is used in SPEC2017
507.cactuBSSN_r/src/PUGH/PughUtils.c:

  sprintf(mess,"  Size:");
  for (i=0;i<dim+1;i++)
  {
      sprintf(mess,"%s %d",mess,pughGH->GFExtras[dim]->nsize[i]);
  }

More important to notice is the fact that the overwriting of the
destination buffer is not the only behavior affected by the refactoring.
Before the refactoring, sprintf and vsprintf would use _IO_str_jumps,
whereas __sprintf_chk and __vsprintf_chk would use _IO_str_chk_jumps.
After the refactoring, all use _IO_str_chk_jumps, which would make
sprintf and vsprintf report buffer overflows and terminate the program.
This patch also reverts this behavior, by installing the appropriate
jump table for each *sprintf functions.

Apart from reverting the changes, this patch adds a test case that has
the old behavior hardcoded, so that regressions are noticed if something
else unintentionally changes the behavior.

Tested for powerpc64le.

1 files changed, 102 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/libio/tst-sprintf-ub.c b/libio/tst-sprintf-ub.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..24cba39ec6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libio/tst-sprintf-ub.c
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/* Test the sprintf (buf, "%s", buf) does not override buf.
+   Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <support/check.h>
+
+enum
+{
+  FUNCTION_FIRST,
+  FUNCTION_SPRINTF = FUNCTION_FIRST,
+  FUNCTION_SNPRINF,
+  FUNCTION_VSPRINTF,
+  FUNCTION_VSNPRINTF,
+  FUNCTION_LAST
+};
+
+static void
+do_one_test (int function, char *buf, ...)
+{
+  va_list args;
+  char *arg;
+
+  /* Expected results for fortified and non-fortified sprintf.  */
+#if defined _FORTIFY_SOURCE && _FORTIFY_SOURCE > 1
+  const char *expected = "CD";
+#else
+  const char *expected = "ABCD";
+#endif
+
+  va_start (args, buf);
+  arg = va_arg (args, char *);
+  va_end (args);
+
+  switch (function)
+    {
+      /* The regular sprintf and vsprintf functions do not override the
+         destination buffer, even if source and destination overlap.  */
+      case FUNCTION_SPRINTF:
+        sprintf (buf, "%sCD", buf);
+        TEST_COMPARE_STRING (buf, expected);
+        break;
+      case FUNCTION_VSPRINTF:
+        va_start (args, buf);
+        vsprintf (arg, "%sCD", args);
+        TEST_COMPARE_STRING (arg, expected);
+        va_end (args);
+        break;
+      /* On the other hand, snprint and vsnprint override overlapping
+         source and destination buffers.  */
+      case FUNCTION_SNPRINF:
+        snprintf (buf, 3, "%sCD", buf);
+        TEST_COMPARE_STRING (buf, "CD");
+        break;
+      case FUNCTION_VSNPRINTF:
+        va_start (args, buf);
+        vsnprintf (arg, 3, "%sCD", args);
+        TEST_COMPARE_STRING (arg, "CD");
+        va_end (args);
+        break;
+      default:
+        support_record_failure ();
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+do_test (void)
+{
+  char buf[8];
+  int i;
+
+  /* For each function in the enum do:
+       - reset the buffer to the initial state "AB";
+       - call the function with buffer as source and destination;
+       - check for the desired behavior.  */
+  for (i = FUNCTION_FIRST; i < FUNCTION_LAST; i++)
+    {
+      strncpy (buf, "AB", 3);
+      do_one_test (i, buf, buf);
+    }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#include <support/test-driver.c>