1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
|
MBLAZE(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual MBLAZE(7)
NAME
mblaze – introduction to mblaze
DESCRIPTION
The mblaze message system is a set of Unix utilities to deal with mail
kept in Maildir folders.
Its design is roughly inspired by MH, the RAND Message Handling System,
but its is a complete implementation from scratch.
mblaze consists of a set of Unix tools that each do one job:
maddr(1) to extract addresses from mail
magrep(1) to find mails matching a pattern
mcom(1) to write and send mail
mdeliver(1) to deliver messages or import mailboxes
mdirs(1) to find Maildirs
mexport(1) to export mailboxes
mflag(1) to change flags (marks) of mail
mgenmid(1) to generate Message-IDs
mhdr(1) to extract mail headers
minc(1) to incorporate new mail
mless(1) to conveniently read mail in less(1)
mlist(1) to list and filter mail messages
mmime(1) to create MIME messages
mpick(1) to filter mail
mrep(1) to reply to mail
mscan(1) to generate single line summaries of mail
msed(1) to manipulate mail headers
mseq(1) to manipulate mail sequences
mshow(1) to render mail and extract attachments
msort(1) to sort mail
mthread(1) to arrange mail into discussions
PRINCIPLES
mblaze is a classic command line MUA with no features related to
receiving and transferring mail. You are expected to fetch your mail
using offlineimap(1), fdm(1), procmail(1), getmail(1) or similar and send
it using sendmail(8), as provided by OpenSMTPD, Postfix, msmtp(1), dma(8)
or similar. mblaze expects your mail to reside in Maildir folders.
mblaze operates directly on Maildir and doesn't use caches or database.
There is no setup needed for many uses. All tools have been written with
performance in mind. Enumeration of all mails in a Maildir is avoided
unless necessary, and then optimized to use few syscalls. Parsing mail
metadata is optimized to use few I/O requests. Initial operations on big
Maildir may feel slow, but as soon as they are in cache, everything is
blazing fast. The tools are written to be memory efficient (i.e. not
wasteful), but whole messages are assumed to fit into RAM easily (at a
time).
mblaze has been written from scratch and tested on a big pile of personal
mail, but is not actually 100% RFC conforming (which is neither worth it
nor desirable). There may be issues with very old, nonconforming,
messages.
mblaze is written in portable C, using only POSIX functions (apart from a
tiny Linux-only optimization), and has no external dependencies. It
supports MIME and more than 7-bit messages (everything the host iconv(3)
can decode). It assumes you work in a UTF-8 environment. mblaze works
well together with other Unix mail tools such as offlineimap(1),
mairix(1), or mu(1).
EXAMPLES
mblaze tools are designed to be composed together into a pipe. It is
suitable for interactive use and for scripting. It integrates well into
a Unix workflow.
For example, you could decide you want to look at all unseen mail in your
INBOX, oldest first.
mlist -s ~/Maildir/INBOX | msort -d | mscan
To operate on a set of mails in multiple steps, you can save a list of
mail as a sequence. E.g. add a call to ‘mseq -S’ to above command:
mlist -s ~/Maildir/INBOX | msort -d | mseq -S | mscan
Now mscan will show message numbers and you could look at the first five
mails at once, for example:
mshow 1:5
Likewise, you could decide to look at all freshly received mail in all
folders, thread it and look at it interactively:
mdirs ~/Maildir | xargs minc | mthread | mless
Or you could look at the attachments of the 20 largest mails in your
INBOX:
mlist ~/Maildir/INBOX | msort -s | tail -20 | mshow -t
Or apply the patches from the current mail:
mshow -O. '*.diff' | patch
As usual with pipes, the sky is the limit.
CONCEPTS
mblaze deals with messages (which are files), folders (which are Maildir
folders), sequences (which are newline-separated lists of messages,
possibly persisted on disk in ~/.mblaze/seq), and the current message
(kept as a symlink in ~/.mblaze/cur).
Messages in the persisted sequence can be referred to using special
syntax as explained in mmsg(7).
Many utilities have a default behavior when used interactively from a
terminal (e.g. operate on the current message or the current sequence).
For scripting, you must make these arguments explicit.
SEE ALSO
mailx(1), nmh(7)
AUTHORS
Christian Neukirchen <chneukirchen@gmail.com>
LICENSE
mblaze is in the public domain.
To the extent possible under law, the creator of this work has waived all
copyright and related or neighboring rights to this work.
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
Void Linux July 22, 2016 Void Linux
|
