Minimum unique abbreviation of option is acceptable. You may use double hyphens instead of single hyphen to denote options. You may use white space in place of the equals sign to separate an option name from its value.
This program is part of Netpbm.
pnmcat reads one or more PNM images as input, concatenates them either left to right or top to bottom, and produces a single PNM image as output.
To assemble a regular grid of images, you can use pamundice.
To do the reverse, you might use pamdice to split an image up into smaller ones of equal size or pamcut to chop off part of an image or extract part of an image.
pnmtile concatenates a single input image to itself repeatedly.
If the PNM images are not all the same height (left-right) or width (top-bottom), the smaller ones have to be justified with the largest. By default, pnmcat centers them, but you can specify justification to one side or the other with one of the -jxxx options. So, -topbottom -jleft would stack the PNMs on top of each other, flush with the left edge.
The -white and -black options specify what color to use to fill in the extra space when doing this justification. If neither is specified, pnmcat chooses whichever seems to be right for the images.