about summary refs log tree commit diff
path: root/converter/other/jpeg2000/libjasper/jpc/jpc_enc.c
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'converter/other/jpeg2000/libjasper/jpc/jpc_enc.c')
-rw-r--r--converter/other/jpeg2000/libjasper/jpc/jpc_enc.c2624
1 files changed, 2624 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/converter/other/jpeg2000/libjasper/jpc/jpc_enc.c b/converter/other/jpeg2000/libjasper/jpc/jpc_enc.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3284dfeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/converter/other/jpeg2000/libjasper/jpc/jpc_enc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2624 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Image Power, Inc. and the University of
+ *   British Columbia.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2002 Michael David Adams.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+/* __START_OF_JASPER_LICENSE__
+ * 
+ * JasPer Software License
+ * 
+ * IMAGE POWER JPEG-2000 PUBLIC LICENSE
+ * ************************************
+ * 
+ * GRANT:
+ * 
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person (the "User")
+ * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation, to deal
+ * in the JasPer Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the right to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the JasPer Software (in source and binary forms),
+ * and to permit persons to whom the JasPer Software is furnished to do so,
+ * provided further that the License Conditions below are met.
+ * 
+ * License Conditions
+ * ******************
+ * 
+ * A.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * and this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
+ * 
+ * B.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, and this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in
+ * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 
+ * C.  Neither the name of Image Power, Inc. nor any other contributor
+ * (including, but not limited to, the University of British Columbia and
+ * Michael David Adams) may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ * from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ * 
+ * D.  User agrees that it shall not commence any action against Image Power,
+ * Inc., the University of British Columbia, Michael David Adams, or any
+ * other contributors (collectively "Licensors") for infringement of any
+ * intellectual property rights ("IPR") held by the User in respect of any
+ * technology that User owns or has a right to license or sublicense and
+ * which is an element required in order to claim compliance with ISO/IEC
+ * 15444-1 (i.e., JPEG-2000 Part 1).  "IPR" means all intellectual property
+ * rights worldwide arising under statutory or common law, and whether
+ * or not perfected, including, without limitation, all (i) patents and
+ * patent applications owned or licensable by User; (ii) rights associated
+ * with works of authorship including copyrights, copyright applications,
+ * copyright registrations, mask work rights, mask work applications,
+ * mask work registrations; (iii) rights relating to the protection of
+ * trade secrets and confidential information; (iv) any right analogous
+ * to those set forth in subsections (i), (ii), or (iii) and any other
+ * proprietary rights relating to intangible property (other than trademark,
+ * trade dress, or service mark rights); and (v) divisions, continuations,
+ * renewals, reissues and extensions of the foregoing (as and to the extent
+ * applicable) now existing, hereafter filed, issued or acquired.
+ * 
+ * E.  If User commences an infringement action against any Licensor(s) then
+ * such Licensor(s) shall have the right to terminate User's license and
+ * all sublicenses that have been granted hereunder by User to other parties.
+ * 
+ * F.  This software is for use only in hardware or software products that
+ * are compliant with ISO/IEC 15444-1 (i.e., JPEG-2000 Part 1).  No license
+ * or right to this Software is granted for products that do not comply
+ * with ISO/IEC 15444-1.  The JPEG-2000 Part 1 standard can be purchased
+ * from the ISO.
+ * 
+ * THIS DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY CONSTITUTES AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THIS LICENSE.
+ * NO USE OF THE JASPER SOFTWARE IS AUTHORIZED HEREUNDER EXCEPT UNDER
+ * THIS DISCLAIMER.  THE JASPER SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE LICENSORS AND
+ * CONTRIBUTORS UNDER THIS LICENSE ON AN ``AS-IS'' BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTY
+ * OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
+ * WARRANTIES THAT THE JASPER SOFTWARE IS FREE OF DEFECTS, IS MERCHANTABLE,
+ * IS FIT FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR IS NON-INFRINGING.  THOSE INTENDING
+ * TO USE THE JASPER SOFTWARE OR MODIFICATIONS THEREOF FOR USE IN HARDWARE
+ * OR SOFTWARE PRODUCTS ARE ADVISED THAT THEIR USE MAY INFRINGE EXISTING
+ * PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, TRADEMARKS, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.
+ * THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE JASPER SOFTWARE
+ * IS WITH THE USER.  SHOULD ANY PART OF THE JASPER SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE
+ * IN ANY RESPECT, THE USER (AND NOT THE INITIAL DEVELOPERS, THE UNIVERSITY
+ * OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, IMAGE POWER, INC., MICHAEL DAVID ADAMS, OR ANY
+ * OTHER CONTRIBUTOR) SHALL ASSUME THE COST OF ANY NECESSARY SERVICING,
+ * REPAIR OR CORRECTION.  UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES AND UNDER NO LEGAL THEORY,
+ * WHETHER TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), CONTRACT, OR OTHERWISE, SHALL THE
+ * INITIAL DEVELOPER, THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, IMAGE POWER, INC.,
+ * MICHAEL DAVID ADAMS, ANY OTHER CONTRIBUTOR, OR ANY DISTRIBUTOR OF THE
+ * JASPER SOFTWARE, OR ANY SUPPLIER OF ANY OF SUCH PARTIES, BE LIABLE TO
+ * THE USER OR ANY OTHER PERSON FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY CHARACTER INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
+ * DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF GOODWILL, WORK STOPPAGE, COMPUTER FAILURE OR
+ * MALFUNCTION, OR ANY AND ALL OTHER COMMERCIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, EVEN IF
+ * SUCH PARTY HAD BEEN INFORMED, OR OUGHT TO HAVE KNOWN, OF THE POSSIBILITY
+ * OF SUCH DAMAGES.  THE JASPER SOFTWARE AND UNDERLYING TECHNOLOGY ARE NOT
+ * FAULT-TOLERANT AND ARE NOT DESIGNED, MANUFACTURED OR INTENDED FOR USE OR
+ * RESALE AS ON-LINE CONTROL EQUIPMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS REQUIRING
+ * FAIL-SAFE PERFORMANCE, SUCH AS IN THE OPERATION OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES,
+ * AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION OR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL, DIRECT
+ * LIFE SUPPORT MACHINES, OR WEAPONS SYSTEMS, IN WHICH THE FAILURE OF THE
+ * JASPER SOFTWARE OR UNDERLYING TECHNOLOGY OR PRODUCT COULD LEAD DIRECTLY
+ * TO DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PHYSICAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE
+ * ("HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES").  LICENSOR SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS
+ * OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES.  USER WILL NOT
+ * KNOWINGLY USE, DISTRIBUTE OR RESELL THE JASPER SOFTWARE OR UNDERLYING
+ * TECHNOLOGY OR PRODUCTS FOR HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES AND WILL ENSURE THAT ITS
+ * CUSTOMERS AND END-USERS OF ITS PRODUCTS ARE PROVIDED WITH A COPY OF THE
+ * NOTICE SPECIFIED IN THIS SECTION.
+ * 
+ * __END_OF_JASPER_LICENSE__
+ */
+
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ */
+
+/******************************************************************************\
+* Includes.
+\******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <float.h>
+
+#include "jasper/jas_string.h"
+#include "jasper/jas_malloc.h"
+#include "jasper/jas_image.h"
+#include "jasper/jas_fix.h"
+#include "jasper/jas_tvp.h"
+#include "jasper/jas_version.h"
+#include "jasper/jas_math.h"
+#include "jasper/jas_debug.h"
+
+#include "jpc_flt.h"
+#include "jpc_fix.h"
+#include "jpc_tagtree.h"
+#include "jpc_enc.h"
+#include "jpc_cs.h"
+#include "jpc_mct.h"
+#include "jpc_tsfb.h"
+#include "jpc_qmfb.h"
+#include "jpc_t1enc.h"
+#include "jpc_t2enc.h"
+#include "jpc_cod.h"
+#include "jpc_math.h"
+#include "jpc_util.h"
+
+/******************************************************************************\
+*
+\******************************************************************************/
+
+#define JPC_POW2(n) \
+	(1 << (n))
+
+#define JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(x, n) \
+  (((n) > 0) ? ((x) & (~((1 << n) - 1))) : (x))
+/* Round to the nearest multiple of the specified power of two in the
+  direction of negative infinity. */
+
+#define	JPC_CEILTOMULTPOW2(x, n) \
+  (((n) > 0) ? JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(((x) + (1 << (n)) - 1), n) : (x))
+/* Round to the nearest multiple of the specified power of two in the
+  direction of positive infinity. */
+
+#define	JPC_POW2(n)	\
+  (1 << (n))
+
+jpc_enc_tile_t *jpc_enc_tile_create(jpc_enc_cp_t *cp, jas_image_t *image, int tileno);
+void jpc_enc_tile_destroy(jpc_enc_tile_t *tile);
+
+static jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt_create(jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp,
+  jas_image_t *image, jpc_enc_tile_t *tile);
+static void tcmpt_destroy(jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt);
+static jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl_create(jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp,
+  jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt, jpc_tsfb_band_t *bandinfos);
+static void rlvl_destroy(jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl);
+static jpc_enc_band_t *band_create(jpc_enc_band_t *band, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp,
+  jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl, jpc_tsfb_band_t *bandinfos);
+static void band_destroy(jpc_enc_band_t *bands);
+static jpc_enc_prc_t *prc_create(jpc_enc_prc_t *prc, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp,
+  jpc_enc_band_t *band);
+static void prc_destroy(jpc_enc_prc_t *prcs);
+static jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk_create(jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp,
+  jpc_enc_prc_t *prc);
+static void cblk_destroy(jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblks);
+int ratestrtosize(const char *s, uint_fast32_t rawsize, uint_fast32_t *size);
+static void pass_destroy(jpc_enc_pass_t *pass);
+void jpc_enc_dump(jpc_enc_t *enc);
+
+/******************************************************************************\
+* Local prototypes.
+\******************************************************************************/
+
+void quantize(jas_matrix_t *data, jpc_fix_t stepsize);
+static int jpc_enc_encodemainhdr(jpc_enc_t *enc);
+static int jpc_enc_encodemainbody(jpc_enc_t *enc);
+int jpc_enc_encodetiledata(jpc_enc_t *enc);
+jpc_enc_t *jpc_enc_create(jpc_enc_cp_t *cp, jas_stream_t *out, jas_image_t *image);
+void jpc_enc_destroy(jpc_enc_t *enc);
+static int jpc_enc_encodemainhdr(jpc_enc_t *enc);
+static int jpc_enc_encodemainbody(jpc_enc_t *enc);
+int jpc_enc_encodetiledata(jpc_enc_t *enc);
+int rateallocate(jpc_enc_t *enc, int numlyrs, uint_fast32_t *cumlens);
+int setins(int numvalues, jpc_flt_t *values, jpc_flt_t value);
+static jpc_enc_cp_t *cp_create(char *optstr, jas_image_t *image);
+void jpc_enc_cp_destroy(jpc_enc_cp_t *cp);
+
+static uint_fast32_t jpc_abstorelstepsize(jpc_fix_t absdelta, int scaleexpn)
+{
+	int p;
+	uint_fast32_t mant;
+	uint_fast32_t expn;
+	int n;
+
+	if (absdelta < 0) {
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	p = jpc_firstone(absdelta) - JPC_FIX_FRACBITS;
+	n = 11 - jpc_firstone(absdelta);
+	mant = ((n < 0) ? (absdelta >> (-n)) : (absdelta << n)) & 0x7ff;
+	expn = scaleexpn - p;
+	if (scaleexpn < p) {
+		abort();
+	}
+	return JPC_QCX_EXPN(expn) | JPC_QCX_MANT(mant);
+}
+
+typedef enum {
+	OPT_DEBUG,
+	OPT_IMGAREAOFFX,
+	OPT_IMGAREAOFFY,
+	OPT_TILEGRDOFFX,
+	OPT_TILEGRDOFFY,
+	OPT_TILEWIDTH,
+	OPT_TILEHEIGHT,
+	OPT_PRCWIDTH,
+	OPT_PRCHEIGHT,
+	OPT_CBLKWIDTH,
+	OPT_CBLKHEIGHT,
+	OPT_MODE,
+	OPT_PRG,
+	OPT_NOMCT,
+	OPT_MAXRLVLS,
+	OPT_SOP,
+	OPT_EPH,
+	OPT_LAZY,
+	OPT_TERMALL,
+	OPT_SEGSYM,
+	OPT_VCAUSAL,
+	OPT_RESET,
+	OPT_PTERM,
+	OPT_NUMGBITS,
+	OPT_RATE,
+	OPT_ILYRRATES,
+	OPT_JP2OVERHEAD
+} optid_t;
+
+jas_taginfo_t encopts[] = {
+	{OPT_DEBUG, "debug"},
+	{OPT_IMGAREAOFFX, "imgareatlx"},
+	{OPT_IMGAREAOFFY, "imgareatly"},
+	{OPT_TILEGRDOFFX, "tilegrdtlx"},
+	{OPT_TILEGRDOFFY, "tilegrdtly"},
+	{OPT_TILEWIDTH, "tilewidth"},
+	{OPT_TILEHEIGHT, "tileheight"},
+	{OPT_PRCWIDTH, "prcwidth"},
+	{OPT_PRCHEIGHT, "prcheight"},
+	{OPT_CBLKWIDTH, "cblkwidth"},
+	{OPT_CBLKHEIGHT, "cblkheight"},
+	{OPT_MODE, "mode"},
+	{OPT_PRG, "prg"},
+	{OPT_NOMCT, "nomct"},
+	{OPT_MAXRLVLS, "numrlvls"},
+	{OPT_SOP, "sop"},
+	{OPT_EPH, "eph"},
+	{OPT_LAZY, "lazy"},
+	{OPT_TERMALL, "termall"},
+	{OPT_SEGSYM, "segsym"},
+	{OPT_VCAUSAL, "vcausal"},
+	{OPT_PTERM, "pterm"},
+	{OPT_RESET, "resetprob"},
+	{OPT_NUMGBITS, "numgbits"},
+	{OPT_RATE, "rate"},
+	{OPT_ILYRRATES, "ilyrrates"},
+	{OPT_JP2OVERHEAD, "_jp2overhead"},
+	{-1, 0}
+};
+
+typedef enum {
+	PO_L = 0,
+	PO_R
+} poid_t;
+
+
+jas_taginfo_t prgordtab[] = {
+	{JPC_COD_LRCPPRG, "lrcp"},
+	{JPC_COD_RLCPPRG, "rlcp"},
+	{JPC_COD_RPCLPRG, "rpcl"},
+	{JPC_COD_PCRLPRG, "pcrl"},
+	{JPC_COD_CPRLPRG, "cprl"},
+	{-1, 0}
+};
+
+typedef enum {
+	MODE_INT,
+	MODE_REAL
+} modeid_t;
+
+jas_taginfo_t modetab[] = {
+	{MODE_INT, "int"},
+	{MODE_REAL, "real"},
+	{-1, 0}
+};
+
+/******************************************************************************\
+* The main encoder entry point.
+\******************************************************************************/
+
+int jpc_encode(jas_image_t *image, jas_stream_t *out, char *optstr)
+{
+	jpc_enc_t *enc;
+	jpc_enc_cp_t *cp;
+
+	enc = 0;
+	cp = 0;
+
+	jpc_initluts();
+
+	if (!(cp = cp_create(optstr, image))) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid JP encoder options\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	if (!(enc = jpc_enc_create(cp, out, image))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	cp = 0;
+
+	/* Encode the main header. */
+	if (jpc_enc_encodemainhdr(enc)) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Encode the main body.  This constitutes most of the encoding work. */
+	if (jpc_enc_encodemainbody(enc)) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Write EOC marker segment. */
+	if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_EOC))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	if (jpc_putms(enc->out, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "cannot write EOI marker\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+	jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+	enc->mrk = 0;
+
+	if (jas_stream_flush(enc->out)) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	jpc_enc_destroy(enc);
+
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	if (cp) {
+		jpc_enc_cp_destroy(cp);
+	}
+	if (enc) {
+		jpc_enc_destroy(enc);
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************\
+* Option parsing code.
+\******************************************************************************/
+
+static jpc_enc_cp_t *cp_create(char *optstr, jas_image_t *image)
+{
+	jpc_enc_cp_t *cp;
+	jas_tvparser_t *tvp;
+	int ret;
+	int numilyrrates;
+	double *ilyrrates;
+	int i;
+	int tagid;
+	jpc_enc_tcp_t *tcp;
+	jpc_enc_tccp_t *tccp;
+	jpc_enc_ccp_t *ccp;
+	uint_fast16_t cmptno;
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+	uint_fast16_t prcwidthexpn;
+	uint_fast16_t prcheightexpn;
+	bool enablemct;
+	uint_fast32_t jp2overhead;
+	uint_fast16_t lyrno;
+	uint_fast32_t hsteplcm;
+	uint_fast32_t vsteplcm;
+	bool mctvalid;
+
+	tvp = 0;
+	cp = 0;
+	ilyrrates = 0;
+	numilyrrates = 0;
+
+	if (!(cp = jas_malloc(sizeof(jpc_enc_cp_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	prcwidthexpn = 15;
+	prcheightexpn = 15;
+	enablemct = true;
+	jp2overhead = 0;
+
+	cp->ccps = 0;
+	cp->debug = 0;
+	cp->imgareatlx = UINT_FAST32_MAX;
+	cp->imgareatly = UINT_FAST32_MAX;
+	cp->refgrdwidth = 0;
+	cp->refgrdheight = 0;
+	cp->tilegrdoffx = UINT_FAST32_MAX;
+	cp->tilegrdoffy = UINT_FAST32_MAX;
+	cp->tilewidth = 0;
+	cp->tileheight = 0;
+	cp->numcmpts = jas_image_numcmpts(image);
+
+	hsteplcm = 1;
+	vsteplcm = 1;
+	for (cmptno = 0; cmptno < jas_image_numcmpts(image); ++cmptno) {
+		if (jas_image_cmptbrx(image, cmptno) + jas_image_cmpthstep(image, cmptno) <=
+		  jas_image_brx(image) || jas_image_cmptbry(image, cmptno) +
+		  jas_image_cmptvstep(image, cmptno) <= jas_image_bry(image)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "unsupported image type\n");
+			goto error;
+		}
+		/* Note: We ought to be calculating the LCMs here.  Fix some day. */
+		hsteplcm *= jas_image_cmpthstep(image, cmptno);
+		vsteplcm *= jas_image_cmptvstep(image, cmptno);
+	}
+
+	if (!(cp->ccps = jas_malloc(cp->numcmpts * sizeof(jpc_enc_ccp_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	for (cmptno = 0, ccp = cp->ccps; cmptno < cp->numcmpts; ++cmptno,
+	  ++ccp) {
+		ccp->sampgrdstepx = jas_image_cmpthstep(image, cmptno);
+		ccp->sampgrdstepy = jas_image_cmptvstep(image, cmptno);
+		/* XXX - this isn't quite correct for more general image */
+		ccp->sampgrdsubstepx = 0;
+		ccp->sampgrdsubstepx = 0;
+		ccp->prec = jas_image_cmptprec(image, cmptno);
+		ccp->sgnd = jas_image_cmptsgnd(image, cmptno);
+		ccp->numstepsizes = 0;
+		memset(ccp->stepsizes, 0, sizeof(ccp->stepsizes));
+	}
+
+	cp->rawsize = jas_image_rawsize(image);
+	cp->totalsize = UINT_FAST32_MAX;
+
+	tcp = &cp->tcp;
+	tcp->csty = 0;
+	tcp->intmode = true;
+	tcp->prg = JPC_COD_LRCPPRG;
+	tcp->numlyrs = 1;
+	tcp->ilyrrates = 0;
+
+	tccp = &cp->tccp;
+	tccp->csty = 0;
+	tccp->maxrlvls = 6;
+	tccp->cblkwidthexpn = 6;
+	tccp->cblkheightexpn = 6;
+	tccp->cblksty = 0;
+	tccp->numgbits = 2;
+
+	if (!(tvp = jas_tvparser_create(optstr ? optstr : ""))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	while (!(ret = jas_tvparser_next(tvp))) {
+		switch (jas_taginfo_nonull(jas_taginfos_lookup(encopts,
+		  jas_tvparser_gettag(tvp)))->id) {
+		case OPT_DEBUG:
+			cp->debug = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_IMGAREAOFFX:
+			cp->imgareatlx = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_IMGAREAOFFY:
+			cp->imgareatly = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_TILEGRDOFFX:
+			cp->tilegrdoffx = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_TILEGRDOFFY:
+			cp->tilegrdoffy = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_TILEWIDTH:
+			cp->tilewidth = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_TILEHEIGHT:
+			cp->tileheight = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_PRCWIDTH:
+			prcwidthexpn = jpc_floorlog2(atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp)));
+			break;
+		case OPT_PRCHEIGHT:
+			prcheightexpn = jpc_floorlog2(atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp)));
+			break;
+		case OPT_CBLKWIDTH:
+			tccp->cblkwidthexpn =
+			  jpc_floorlog2(atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp)));
+			break;
+		case OPT_CBLKHEIGHT:
+			tccp->cblkheightexpn =
+			  jpc_floorlog2(atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp)));
+			break;
+		case OPT_MODE:
+			if ((tagid = jas_taginfo_nonull(jas_taginfos_lookup(modetab,
+			  jas_tvparser_getval(tvp)))->id) < 0) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+				  "ignoring invalid mode %s\n",
+				  jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			} else {
+				tcp->intmode = (tagid == MODE_INT);
+			}
+			break;
+		case OPT_PRG:
+			if ((tagid = jas_taginfo_nonull(jas_taginfos_lookup(prgordtab,
+			  jas_tvparser_getval(tvp)))->id) < 0) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+				  "ignoring invalid progression order %s\n",
+				  jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			} else {
+				tcp->prg = tagid;
+			}
+			break;
+		case OPT_NOMCT:
+			enablemct = false;
+			break;
+		case OPT_MAXRLVLS:
+			tccp->maxrlvls = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_SOP:
+			cp->tcp.csty |= JPC_COD_SOP;
+			break;
+		case OPT_EPH:
+			cp->tcp.csty |= JPC_COD_EPH;
+			break;
+		case OPT_LAZY:
+			tccp->cblksty |= JPC_COX_LAZY;
+			break;
+		case OPT_TERMALL:
+			tccp->cblksty |= JPC_COX_TERMALL;
+			break;
+		case OPT_SEGSYM:
+			tccp->cblksty |= JPC_COX_SEGSYM;
+			break;
+		case OPT_VCAUSAL:
+			tccp->cblksty |= JPC_COX_VSC;
+			break;
+		case OPT_RESET:
+			tccp->cblksty |= JPC_COX_RESET;
+			break;
+		case OPT_PTERM:
+			tccp->cblksty |= JPC_COX_PTERM;
+			break;
+		case OPT_NUMGBITS:
+			cp->tccp.numgbits = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		case OPT_RATE:
+			if (ratestrtosize(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp), cp->rawsize,
+			  &cp->totalsize)) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+				  "ignoring bad rate specifier %s\n",
+				  jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			}
+			break;
+		case OPT_ILYRRATES:
+			if (jpc_atoaf(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp), &numilyrrates,
+			  &ilyrrates)) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+				  "warning: invalid intermediate layer rates specifier ignored (%s)\n",
+				  jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case OPT_JP2OVERHEAD:
+			jp2overhead = atoi(jas_tvparser_getval(tvp));
+			break;
+		default:
+			fprintf(stderr, "warning: ignoring invalid option %s\n",
+			 jas_tvparser_gettag(tvp));
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	jas_tvparser_destroy(tvp);
+	tvp = 0;
+
+	if (cp->totalsize != UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+		cp->totalsize = (cp->totalsize > jp2overhead) ?
+		  (cp->totalsize - jp2overhead) : 0;
+	}
+
+	if (cp->imgareatlx == UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+		cp->imgareatlx = 0;
+	} else {
+		if (hsteplcm != 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "warning: overriding imgareatlx value\n");
+		}
+		cp->imgareatlx *= hsteplcm;
+	}
+	if (cp->imgareatly == UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+		cp->imgareatly = 0;
+	} else {
+		if (vsteplcm != 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "warning: overriding imgareatly value\n");
+		}
+		cp->imgareatly *= vsteplcm;
+	}
+	cp->refgrdwidth = cp->imgareatlx + jas_image_width(image);
+	cp->refgrdheight = cp->imgareatly + jas_image_height(image);
+	if (cp->tilegrdoffx == UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+		cp->tilegrdoffx = cp->imgareatlx;
+	}
+	if (cp->tilegrdoffy == UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+		cp->tilegrdoffy = cp->imgareatly;
+	}
+	if (!cp->tilewidth) {
+		cp->tilewidth = cp->refgrdwidth - cp->tilegrdoffx;
+	}
+	if (!cp->tileheight) {
+		cp->tileheight = cp->refgrdheight - cp->tilegrdoffy;
+	}
+
+	if (cp->numcmpts == 3) {
+		mctvalid = true;
+		for (cmptno = 0; cmptno < jas_image_numcmpts(image); ++cmptno) {
+			if (jas_image_cmptprec(image, cmptno) != jas_image_cmptprec(image, 0) ||
+			  jas_image_cmptsgnd(image, cmptno) != jas_image_cmptsgnd(image, 0) ||
+			  jas_image_cmptwidth(image, cmptno) != jas_image_cmptwidth(image, 0) ||
+			  jas_image_cmptheight(image, cmptno) != jas_image_cmptheight(image, 0)) {
+				mctvalid = false;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		mctvalid = false;
+	}
+	if (mctvalid && enablemct && jas_image_colorspace(image) != JAS_IMAGE_CS_RGB) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "warning: color model apparently not RGB\n");
+	}
+	if (mctvalid && enablemct && jas_image_colorspace(image) == JAS_IMAGE_CS_RGB) {
+		tcp->mctid = (tcp->intmode) ? (JPC_MCT_RCT) : (JPC_MCT_ICT);
+	} else {
+		tcp->mctid = JPC_MCT_NONE;
+	}
+	tccp->qmfbid = (tcp->intmode) ? (JPC_COX_RFT) : (JPC_COX_INS);
+
+	for (rlvlno = 0; rlvlno < tccp->maxrlvls; ++rlvlno) {
+		tccp->prcwidthexpns[rlvlno] = prcwidthexpn;
+		tccp->prcheightexpns[rlvlno] = prcheightexpn;
+	}
+	if (prcwidthexpn != 15 || prcheightexpn != 15) {
+		tccp->csty |= JPC_COX_PRT;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the tile width and height is valid. */
+	if (!cp->tilewidth) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid tile width %lu\n", (unsigned long)
+		  cp->tilewidth);
+		goto error;
+	}
+	if (!cp->tileheight) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid tile height %lu\n", (unsigned long)
+		  cp->tileheight);
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the tile grid offset is valid. */
+	if (cp->tilegrdoffx > cp->imgareatlx ||
+	  cp->tilegrdoffy > cp->imgareatly ||
+	  cp->tilegrdoffx + cp->tilewidth < cp->imgareatlx ||
+	  cp->tilegrdoffy + cp->tileheight < cp->imgareatly) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid tile grid offset (%lu, %lu)\n",
+		  (unsigned long) cp->tilegrdoffx, (unsigned long)
+		  cp->tilegrdoffy);
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	cp->numhtiles = JPC_CEILDIV(cp->refgrdwidth - cp->tilegrdoffx,
+	  cp->tilewidth);
+	cp->numvtiles = JPC_CEILDIV(cp->refgrdheight - cp->tilegrdoffy,
+	  cp->tileheight);
+	cp->numtiles = cp->numhtiles * cp->numvtiles;
+
+	if (ilyrrates && numilyrrates > 0) {
+		tcp->numlyrs = numilyrrates + 1;
+		if (!(tcp->ilyrrates = jas_malloc((tcp->numlyrs - 1) *
+		  sizeof(jpc_fix_t)))) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < tcp->numlyrs - 1; ++i) {
+			tcp->ilyrrates[i] = jpc_dbltofix(ilyrrates[i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the integer mode is used in the case of lossless
+	  coding. */
+	if (cp->totalsize == UINT_FAST32_MAX && (!cp->tcp.intmode)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "cannot use real mode for lossless coding\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the precinct width is valid. */
+	if (prcwidthexpn > 15) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid precinct width\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the precinct height is valid. */
+	if (prcheightexpn > 15) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid precinct height\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the code block width is valid. */
+	if (cp->tccp.cblkwidthexpn < 2 || cp->tccp.cblkwidthexpn > 12) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid code block width %d\n",
+		  JPC_POW2(cp->tccp.cblkwidthexpn));
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the code block height is valid. */
+	if (cp->tccp.cblkheightexpn < 2 || cp->tccp.cblkheightexpn > 12) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid code block height %d\n",
+		  JPC_POW2(cp->tccp.cblkheightexpn));
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the code block size is not too large. */
+	if (cp->tccp.cblkwidthexpn + cp->tccp.cblkheightexpn > 12) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "code block size too large\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the number of layers is valid. */
+	if (cp->tcp.numlyrs > 16384) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "too many layers\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* There must be at least one resolution level. */
+	if (cp->tccp.maxrlvls < 1) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "must be at least one resolution level\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the number of guard bits is valid. */
+	if (cp->tccp.numgbits > 8) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "invalid number of guard bits\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the rate is within the legal range. */
+	if (cp->totalsize != UINT_FAST32_MAX && cp->totalsize > cp->rawsize) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "warning: specified rate is unreasonably large (%lu > %lu)\n", (unsigned long) cp->totalsize, (unsigned long) cp->rawsize);
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the intermediate layer rates are valid. */
+	if (tcp->numlyrs > 1) {
+		/* The intermediate layers rates must increase monotonically. */
+		for (lyrno = 0; lyrno + 2 < tcp->numlyrs; ++lyrno) {
+			if (tcp->ilyrrates[lyrno] >= tcp->ilyrrates[lyrno + 1]) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "intermediate layer rates must increase monotonically\n");
+				goto error;
+			}
+		}
+		/* The intermediate layer rates must be less than the overall rate. */
+		if (cp->totalsize != UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+			for (lyrno = 0; lyrno < tcp->numlyrs - 1; ++lyrno) {
+				if (jpc_fixtodbl(tcp->ilyrrates[lyrno]) > ((double) cp->totalsize)
+				  / cp->rawsize) {
+					fprintf(stderr, "warning: intermediate layer rates must be less than overall rate\n");
+					goto error;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (ilyrrates) {
+		jas_free(ilyrrates);
+	}
+
+	return cp;
+
+error:
+
+	if (ilyrrates) {
+		jas_free(ilyrrates);
+	}
+	if (tvp) {
+		jas_tvparser_destroy(tvp);
+	}
+	if (cp) {
+		jpc_enc_cp_destroy(cp);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void jpc_enc_cp_destroy(jpc_enc_cp_t *cp)
+{
+	if (cp->ccps) {
+		if (cp->tcp.ilyrrates) {
+			jas_free(cp->tcp.ilyrrates);
+		}
+		jas_free(cp->ccps);
+	}
+	jas_free(cp);
+}
+
+int ratestrtosize(const char *s, uint_fast32_t rawsize, uint_fast32_t *size)
+{
+	char *cp;
+	jpc_flt_t f;
+
+	/* Note: This function must not modify output size on failure. */
+	if ((cp = strchr(s, 'B'))) {
+		*size = atoi(s);
+	} else {
+		f = atof(s);
+		if (f < 0) {
+			*size = 0;
+		} else if (f > 1.0) {
+			*size = rawsize + 1;
+		} else {
+			*size = f * rawsize;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************\
+* Encoder constructor and destructor.
+\******************************************************************************/
+
+jpc_enc_t *jpc_enc_create(jpc_enc_cp_t *cp, jas_stream_t *out, jas_image_t *image)
+{
+	jpc_enc_t *enc;
+
+	enc = 0;
+
+	if (!(enc = jas_malloc(sizeof(jpc_enc_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	enc->image = image;
+	enc->out = out;
+	enc->cp = cp;
+	enc->cstate = 0;
+	enc->tmpstream = 0;
+	enc->mrk = 0;
+	enc->curtile = 0;
+
+	if (!(enc->cstate = jpc_cstate_create())) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	enc->len = 0;
+	enc->mainbodysize = 0;
+
+	return enc;
+
+error:
+
+	if (enc) {
+		jpc_enc_destroy(enc);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void jpc_enc_destroy(jpc_enc_t *enc)
+{
+	/* The image object (i.e., enc->image) and output stream object
+	(i.e., enc->out) are created outside of the encoder.
+	Therefore, they must not be destroyed here. */
+
+	if (enc->curtile) {
+		jpc_enc_tile_destroy(enc->curtile);
+	}
+	if (enc->cp) {
+		jpc_enc_cp_destroy(enc->cp);
+	}
+	if (enc->cstate) {
+		jpc_cstate_destroy(enc->cstate);
+	}
+	if (enc->tmpstream) {
+		jas_stream_close(enc->tmpstream);
+	}
+
+	jas_free(enc);
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************\
+* Code.
+\******************************************************************************/
+
+static int jpc_enc_encodemainhdr(jpc_enc_t *enc)
+{
+	jpc_siz_t *siz;
+	jpc_cod_t *cod;
+	jpc_qcd_t *qcd;
+	int i;
+long startoff;
+long mainhdrlen;
+	jpc_enc_cp_t *cp;
+	jpc_qcc_t *qcc;
+	jpc_enc_tccp_t *tccp;
+	uint_fast16_t cmptno;
+	jpc_tsfb_band_t bandinfos[JPC_MAXBANDS];
+	jpc_fix_t mctsynweight;
+	jpc_enc_tcp_t *tcp;
+	jpc_tsfb_t *tsfb;
+	jpc_tsfb_band_t *bandinfo;
+	uint_fast16_t numbands;
+	uint_fast16_t bandno;
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+	uint_fast16_t analgain;
+	jpc_fix_t absstepsize;
+	char buf[1024];
+	jpc_com_t *com;
+
+	cp = enc->cp;
+
+startoff = jas_stream_getrwcount(enc->out);
+
+	/* Write SOC marker segment. */
+	if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_SOC))) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (jpc_putms(enc->out, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "cannot write SOC marker\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+	enc->mrk = 0;
+
+	/* Write SIZ marker segment. */
+	if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_SIZ))) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	siz = &enc->mrk->parms.siz;
+	siz->caps = 0;
+	siz->xoff = cp->imgareatlx;
+	siz->yoff = cp->imgareatly;
+	siz->width = cp->refgrdwidth;
+	siz->height = cp->refgrdheight;
+	siz->tilexoff = cp->tilegrdoffx;
+	siz->tileyoff = cp->tilegrdoffy;
+	siz->tilewidth = cp->tilewidth;
+	siz->tileheight = cp->tileheight;
+	siz->numcomps = cp->numcmpts;
+	siz->comps = jas_malloc(siz->numcomps * sizeof(jpc_sizcomp_t));
+	assert(siz->comps);
+	for (i = 0; i < cp->numcmpts; ++i) {
+		siz->comps[i].prec = cp->ccps[i].prec;
+		siz->comps[i].sgnd = cp->ccps[i].sgnd;
+		siz->comps[i].hsamp = cp->ccps[i].sampgrdstepx;
+		siz->comps[i].vsamp = cp->ccps[i].sampgrdstepy;
+	}
+	if (jpc_putms(enc->out, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "cannot write SIZ marker\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+	enc->mrk = 0;
+
+	if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_COM))) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	sprintf(buf, "Creator: JasPer Version %s", jas_getversion());
+	com = &enc->mrk->parms.com;
+	com->len = strlen(buf);
+	com->regid = JPC_COM_LATIN;
+	if (!(com->data = JAS_CAST(unsigned char *, jas_strdup(buf)))) {
+		abort();
+	}
+	if (jpc_putms(enc->out, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "cannot write COM marker\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+	enc->mrk = 0;
+
+#if 0
+	if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_CRG))) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	crg = &enc->mrk->parms.crg;
+	crg->comps = jas_malloc(crg->numcomps * sizeof(jpc_crgcomp_t));
+	if (jpc_putms(enc->out, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "cannot write CRG marker\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+	enc->mrk = 0;
+#endif
+
+	tcp = &cp->tcp;
+	tccp = &cp->tccp;
+	for (cmptno = 0; cmptno < cp->numcmpts; ++cmptno) {
+		tsfb = jpc_cod_gettsfb(tccp->qmfbid, tccp->maxrlvls - 1);
+		jpc_tsfb_getbands(tsfb, 0, 0, 1 << tccp->maxrlvls, 1 << tccp->maxrlvls,
+		  bandinfos);
+		jpc_tsfb_destroy(tsfb);
+		mctsynweight = jpc_mct_getsynweight(tcp->mctid, cmptno);
+		numbands = 3 * tccp->maxrlvls - 2;
+		for (bandno = 0, bandinfo = bandinfos; bandno < numbands;
+		  ++bandno, ++bandinfo) {
+			rlvlno = (bandno) ? ((bandno - 1) / 3 + 1) : 0;
+			analgain = JPC_NOMINALGAIN(tccp->qmfbid, tccp->maxrlvls,
+			  rlvlno, bandinfo->orient);
+			if (!tcp->intmode) {
+				absstepsize = jpc_fix_div(jpc_inttofix(1 <<
+				  (analgain + 1)), bandinfo->synenergywt);
+			} else {
+				absstepsize = jpc_inttofix(1);
+			}	
+			cp->ccps[cmptno].stepsizes[bandno] =
+			  jpc_abstorelstepsize(absstepsize,
+			  cp->ccps[cmptno].prec + analgain);
+		}
+		cp->ccps[cmptno].numstepsizes = numbands;
+	}
+
+	if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_COD))) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	cod = &enc->mrk->parms.cod;
+	cod->csty = cp->tccp.csty | cp->tcp.csty;
+	cod->compparms.csty = cp->tccp.csty | cp->tcp.csty;
+	cod->compparms.numdlvls = cp->tccp.maxrlvls - 1;
+	cod->compparms.numrlvls = cp->tccp.maxrlvls;
+	cod->prg = cp->tcp.prg;
+	cod->numlyrs = cp->tcp.numlyrs;
+	cod->compparms.cblkwidthval = JPC_COX_CBLKSIZEEXPN(cp->tccp.cblkwidthexpn);
+	cod->compparms.cblkheightval = JPC_COX_CBLKSIZEEXPN(cp->tccp.cblkheightexpn);
+	cod->compparms.cblksty = cp->tccp.cblksty;
+	cod->compparms.qmfbid = cp->tccp.qmfbid;
+	cod->mctrans = (cp->tcp.mctid != JPC_MCT_NONE);
+	if (tccp->csty & JPC_COX_PRT) {
+		for (rlvlno = 0; rlvlno < tccp->maxrlvls; ++rlvlno) {
+			cod->compparms.rlvls[rlvlno].parwidthval = tccp->prcwidthexpns[rlvlno];
+			cod->compparms.rlvls[rlvlno].parheightval = tccp->prcheightexpns[rlvlno];
+		}
+	}
+	if (jpc_putms(enc->out, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "cannot write COD marker\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+	enc->mrk = 0;
+
+	if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_QCD))) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	qcd = &enc->mrk->parms.qcd;
+	qcd->compparms.qntsty = (tccp->qmfbid == JPC_COX_INS) ?
+	  JPC_QCX_SEQNT : JPC_QCX_NOQNT;
+	qcd->compparms.numstepsizes = cp->ccps[0].numstepsizes;
+	qcd->compparms.numguard = cp->tccp.numgbits;
+	qcd->compparms.stepsizes = cp->ccps[0].stepsizes;
+	if (jpc_putms(enc->out, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	/* We do not want the step size array to be freed! */
+	qcd->compparms.stepsizes = 0;
+	jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+	enc->mrk = 0;
+
+	tccp = &cp->tccp;
+	for (cmptno = 1; cmptno < cp->numcmpts; ++cmptno) {
+		if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_QCC))) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		qcc = &enc->mrk->parms.qcc;
+		qcc->compno = cmptno;
+		qcc->compparms.qntsty = (tccp->qmfbid == JPC_COX_INS) ?
+		  JPC_QCX_SEQNT : JPC_QCX_NOQNT;
+		qcc->compparms.numstepsizes = cp->ccps[cmptno].numstepsizes;
+		qcc->compparms.numguard = cp->tccp.numgbits;
+		qcc->compparms.stepsizes = cp->ccps[cmptno].stepsizes;
+		if (jpc_putms(enc->out, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		/* We do not want the step size array to be freed! */
+		qcc->compparms.stepsizes = 0;
+		jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+		enc->mrk = 0;
+	}
+
+#define MAINTLRLEN	2
+	mainhdrlen = jas_stream_getrwcount(enc->out) - startoff;
+	enc->len += mainhdrlen;
+	if (enc->cp->totalsize != UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+		uint_fast32_t overhead;
+		overhead = mainhdrlen + MAINTLRLEN;
+		enc->mainbodysize = (enc->cp->totalsize >= overhead) ?
+		  (enc->cp->totalsize - overhead) : 0;
+	} else {
+		enc->mainbodysize = UINT_FAST32_MAX;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int jpc_enc_encodemainbody(jpc_enc_t *enc)
+{
+	int tileno;
+	int tilex;
+	int tiley;
+	int i;
+	jpc_sot_t *sot;
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *comp;
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *endcomps;
+	jpc_enc_band_t *band;
+	jpc_enc_band_t *endbands;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *lvl;
+	int rlvlno;
+	jpc_qcc_t *qcc;
+	jpc_cod_t *cod;
+	int adjust;
+	int j;
+	int absbandno;
+	long numbytes;
+	long tilehdrlen;
+	long tilelen;
+	jpc_enc_tile_t *tile;
+	jpc_enc_cp_t *cp;
+	double rho;
+	uint_fast16_t lyrno;
+	uint_fast16_t cmptno;
+	int samestepsizes;
+	jpc_enc_ccp_t *ccps;
+	jpc_enc_tccp_t *tccp;
+int bandno;
+uint_fast32_t x;
+uint_fast32_t y;
+int mingbits;
+int actualnumbps;
+jpc_fix_t mxmag;
+jpc_fix_t mag;
+int numgbits;
+
+	cp = enc->cp;
+
+	/* Avoid compile warnings. */
+	numbytes = 0;
+
+	for (tileno = 0; tileno < cp->numtiles; ++tileno) {
+		tilex = tileno % cp->numhtiles;
+		tiley = tileno / cp->numhtiles;
+
+		if (!(enc->curtile = jpc_enc_tile_create(enc->cp, enc->image, tileno))) {
+			abort();
+		}
+
+		tile = enc->curtile;
+
+		if (jas_getdbglevel() >= 10) {
+			jpc_enc_dump(enc);
+		}
+
+		endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
+		for (cmptno = 0, comp = tile->tcmpts; cmptno < tile->numtcmpts; ++cmptno, ++comp) {
+			if (!cp->ccps[cmptno].sgnd) {
+				adjust = 1 << (cp->ccps[cmptno].prec - 1);
+				for (i = 0; i < jas_matrix_numrows(comp->data); ++i) {
+					for (j = 0; j < jas_matrix_numcols(comp->data); ++j) {
+						*jas_matrix_getref(comp->data, i, j) -= adjust;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!tile->intmode) {
+				endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
+				for (comp = tile->tcmpts; comp != endcomps; ++comp) {
+					jas_matrix_asl(comp->data, JPC_FIX_FRACBITS);
+				}
+		}
+
+		switch (tile->mctid) {
+		case JPC_MCT_RCT:
+assert(jas_image_numcmpts(enc->image) == 3);
+			jpc_rct(tile->tcmpts[0].data, tile->tcmpts[1].data,
+			  tile->tcmpts[2].data);
+			break;
+		case JPC_MCT_ICT:
+assert(jas_image_numcmpts(enc->image) == 3);
+			jpc_ict(tile->tcmpts[0].data, tile->tcmpts[1].data,
+			  tile->tcmpts[2].data);
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+
+		for (i = 0; i < jas_image_numcmpts(enc->image); ++i) {
+			comp = &tile->tcmpts[i];
+			jpc_tsfb_analyze(comp->tsfb, ((comp->qmfbid == JPC_COX_RFT) ? JPC_TSFB_RITIMODE : 0), comp->data);
+
+		}
+
+
+		endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
+		for (cmptno = 0, comp = tile->tcmpts; comp != endcomps; ++cmptno, ++comp) {
+			mingbits = 0;
+			absbandno = 0;
+			/* All bands must have a corresponding quantizer step size,
+			  even if they contain no samples and are never coded. */
+			/* Some bands may not be hit by the loop below, so we must
+			  initialize all of the step sizes to a sane value. */
+			memset(comp->stepsizes, 0, sizeof(comp->stepsizes));
+			for (rlvlno = 0, lvl = comp->rlvls; rlvlno < comp->numrlvls; ++rlvlno, ++lvl) {
+				if (!lvl->bands) {
+					absbandno += rlvlno ? 3 : 1;
+					continue;
+				}
+				endbands = &lvl->bands[lvl->numbands];
+				for (band = lvl->bands; band != endbands; ++band) {
+					if (!band->data) {
+						++absbandno;
+						continue;
+					}
+					actualnumbps = 0;
+					mxmag = 0;
+					for (y = 0; y < jas_matrix_numrows(band->data); ++y) {
+						for (x = 0; x < jas_matrix_numcols(band->data); ++x) {
+							mag = abs(jas_matrix_get(band->data, y, x));
+							if (mag > mxmag) {
+								mxmag = mag;
+							}
+						}
+					}
+					if (tile->intmode) {
+						actualnumbps = jpc_firstone(mxmag) + 1;
+					} else {
+						actualnumbps = jpc_firstone(mxmag) + 1 - JPC_FIX_FRACBITS;
+					}
+					numgbits = actualnumbps - (cp->ccps[cmptno].prec - 1 +
+					  band->analgain);
+#if 0
+fprintf(stderr, "%d %d mag=%d actual=%d numgbits=%d\n", cp->ccps[cmptno].prec, band->analgain, mxmag, actualnumbps, numgbits);
+#endif
+					if (numgbits > mingbits) {
+						mingbits = numgbits;
+					}
+					if (!tile->intmode) {
+						band->absstepsize = jpc_fix_div(jpc_inttofix(1
+						  << (band->analgain + 1)),
+						  band->synweight);
+					} else {
+						band->absstepsize = jpc_inttofix(1);
+					}
+					band->stepsize = jpc_abstorelstepsize(
+					  band->absstepsize, cp->ccps[cmptno].prec +
+					  band->analgain);
+					band->numbps = cp->tccp.numgbits +
+					  JPC_QCX_GETEXPN(band->stepsize) - 1;
+
+					if ((!tile->intmode) && band->data) {
+						quantize(band->data, band->absstepsize);
+					}
+
+					comp->stepsizes[absbandno] = band->stepsize;
+					++absbandno;
+				}
+			}
+
+			assert(JPC_FIX_FRACBITS >= JPC_NUMEXTRABITS);
+			if (!tile->intmode) {
+				jas_matrix_divpow2(comp->data, JPC_FIX_FRACBITS - JPC_NUMEXTRABITS);
+			} else {
+				jas_matrix_asl(comp->data, JPC_NUMEXTRABITS);
+			}
+		}
+#if 0
+fprintf(stderr, "mingbits %d\n", mingbits);
+#endif
+
+		if (mingbits > cp->tccp.numgbits) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "error: too few guard bits (need at least %d)\n",
+			  mingbits);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (!(enc->tmpstream = jas_stream_memopen(0, 0))) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "cannot open tmp file\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		/* Write the tile header. */
+		if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_SOT))) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		sot = &enc->mrk->parms.sot;
+		sot->len = 0;
+		sot->tileno = tileno;
+		sot->partno = 0;
+		sot->numparts = 1;
+		if (jpc_putms(enc->tmpstream, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "cannot write SOT marker\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+		jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+		enc->mrk = 0;
+
+/************************************************************************/
+/************************************************************************/
+/************************************************************************/
+
+		tccp = &cp->tccp;
+		for (cmptno = 0; cmptno < cp->numcmpts; ++cmptno) {
+			comp = &tile->tcmpts[cmptno];
+			if (comp->numrlvls != tccp->maxrlvls) {
+				if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_COD))) {
+					return -1;
+				}
+/* XXX = this is not really correct. we are using comp #0's precint sizes
+and other characteristics */
+				comp = &tile->tcmpts[0];
+				cod = &enc->mrk->parms.cod;
+				cod->compparms.csty = 0;
+				cod->compparms.numdlvls = comp->numrlvls - 1;
+				cod->prg = tile->prg;
+				cod->numlyrs = tile->numlyrs;
+				cod->compparms.cblkwidthval = JPC_COX_CBLKSIZEEXPN(comp->cblkwidthexpn);
+				cod->compparms.cblkheightval = JPC_COX_CBLKSIZEEXPN(comp->cblkheightexpn);
+				cod->compparms.cblksty = comp->cblksty;
+				cod->compparms.qmfbid = comp->qmfbid;
+				cod->mctrans = (tile->mctid != JPC_MCT_NONE);
+				for (i = 0; i < comp->numrlvls; ++i) {
+					cod->compparms.rlvls[i].parwidthval = comp->rlvls[i].prcwidthexpn;
+					cod->compparms.rlvls[i].parheightval = comp->rlvls[i].prcheightexpn;
+				}
+				if (jpc_putms(enc->tmpstream, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+					return -1;
+				}
+				jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+				enc->mrk = 0;
+			}
+		}
+
+		for (cmptno = 0, comp = tile->tcmpts; cmptno < cp->numcmpts; ++cmptno, ++comp) {
+			ccps = &cp->ccps[cmptno];
+			if (ccps->numstepsizes == comp->numstepsizes) {
+				samestepsizes = 1;
+				for (bandno = 0; bandno < ccps->numstepsizes; ++bandno) {
+					if (ccps->stepsizes[bandno] != comp->stepsizes[bandno]) {
+						samestepsizes = 0;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				samestepsizes = 0;
+			}
+			if (!samestepsizes) {
+				if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_QCC))) {
+					return -1;
+				}
+				qcc = &enc->mrk->parms.qcc;
+				qcc->compno = cmptno;
+				qcc->compparms.numguard = cp->tccp.numgbits;
+				qcc->compparms.qntsty = (comp->qmfbid == JPC_COX_INS) ?
+				  JPC_QCX_SEQNT : JPC_QCX_NOQNT;
+				qcc->compparms.numstepsizes = comp->numstepsizes;
+				qcc->compparms.stepsizes = comp->stepsizes;
+				if (jpc_putms(enc->tmpstream, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+					return -1;
+				}
+				qcc->compparms.stepsizes = 0;
+				jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+				enc->mrk = 0;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Write a SOD marker to indicate the end of the tile header. */
+		if (!(enc->mrk = jpc_ms_create(JPC_MS_SOD))) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (jpc_putms(enc->tmpstream, enc->cstate, enc->mrk)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "cannot write SOD marker\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+		jpc_ms_destroy(enc->mrk);
+		enc->mrk = 0;
+tilehdrlen = jas_stream_getrwcount(enc->tmpstream);
+
+/************************************************************************/
+/************************************************************************/
+/************************************************************************/
+
+if (jpc_enc_enccblks(enc)) {
+	abort();
+	return -1;
+}
+
+		cp = enc->cp;
+		rho = (double) (tile->brx - tile->tlx) * (tile->bry - tile->tly) /
+		  ((cp->refgrdwidth - cp->imgareatlx) * (cp->refgrdheight -
+		  cp->imgareatly));
+		tile->rawsize = cp->rawsize * rho;
+
+		for (lyrno = 0; lyrno < tile->numlyrs - 1; ++lyrno) {
+			tile->lyrsizes[lyrno] = tile->rawsize * jpc_fixtodbl(
+			  cp->tcp.ilyrrates[lyrno]);
+		}
+		tile->lyrsizes[tile->numlyrs - 1] = (cp->totalsize != UINT_FAST32_MAX) ?
+		  (rho * enc->mainbodysize) : UINT_FAST32_MAX;
+		for (lyrno = 0; lyrno < tile->numlyrs; ++lyrno) {
+			if (tile->lyrsizes[lyrno] != UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+				if (tilehdrlen <= tile->lyrsizes[lyrno]) {
+					tile->lyrsizes[lyrno] -= tilehdrlen;
+				} else {
+					tile->lyrsizes[lyrno] = 0;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (rateallocate(enc, tile->numlyrs, tile->lyrsizes)) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+#if 0
+fprintf(stderr, "ENCODE TILE DATA\n");
+#endif
+		if (jpc_enc_encodetiledata(enc)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "dotile failed\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+/************************************************************************/
+/************************************************************************/
+/************************************************************************/
+
+/************************************************************************/
+/************************************************************************/
+/************************************************************************/
+
+		tilelen = jas_stream_tell(enc->tmpstream);
+
+		if (jas_stream_seek(enc->tmpstream, 6, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		jpc_putuint32(enc->tmpstream, tilelen);
+
+		if (jas_stream_seek(enc->tmpstream, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (jpc_putdata(enc->out, enc->tmpstream, -1)) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		enc->len += tilelen;
+
+		jas_stream_close(enc->tmpstream);
+		enc->tmpstream = 0;
+
+		jpc_enc_tile_destroy(enc->curtile);
+		enc->curtile = 0;
+
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int jpc_enc_encodetiledata(jpc_enc_t *enc)
+{
+assert(enc->tmpstream);
+	if (jpc_enc_encpkts(enc, enc->tmpstream)) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void quantize(jas_matrix_t *data, jpc_fix_t stepsize)
+{
+	int i;
+	int j;
+	jpc_fix_t t;
+
+	if (stepsize == jpc_inttofix(1)) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < jas_matrix_numrows(data); ++i) {
+		for (j = 0; j < jas_matrix_numcols(data); ++j) {
+			t = jas_matrix_get(data, i, j);
+
+{
+	if (t < 0) {
+		t = jpc_fix_neg(jpc_fix_div(jpc_fix_neg(t), stepsize));
+	} else {
+		t = jpc_fix_div(t, stepsize);
+	}
+}
+
+			jas_matrix_set(data, i, j, t);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void calcrdslopes(jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk)
+{
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *endpasses;
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *pass0;
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *pass1;
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *pass2;
+	jpc_flt_t slope0;
+	jpc_flt_t slope;
+	jpc_flt_t dd;
+	long dr;
+
+	endpasses = &cblk->passes[cblk->numpasses];
+	pass2 = cblk->passes;
+	slope0 = 0;
+	while (pass2 != endpasses) {
+		pass0 = 0;
+		for (pass1 = cblk->passes; pass1 != endpasses; ++pass1) {
+			dd = pass1->cumwmsedec;
+			dr = pass1->end;
+			if (pass0) {
+				dd -= pass0->cumwmsedec;
+				dr -= pass0->end;
+			}
+			if (dd <= 0) {
+				pass1->rdslope = JPC_BADRDSLOPE;
+				if (pass1 >= pass2) {
+					pass2 = &pass1[1];
+				}
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (pass1 < pass2 && pass1->rdslope <= 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!dr) {
+				assert(pass0);
+				pass0->rdslope = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			slope = dd / dr;
+			if (pass0 && slope >= slope0) {
+				pass0->rdslope = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+			pass1->rdslope = slope;
+			if (pass1 >= pass2) {
+				pass2 = &pass1[1];
+			}
+			pass0 = pass1;
+			slope0 = slope;
+		}
+	}
+
+#if 0
+	for (pass0 = cblk->passes; pass0 != endpasses; ++pass0) {
+if (pass0->rdslope > 0.0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "pass %02d nmsedec=%lf dec=%lf end=%d %lf\n", pass0 - cblk->passes,
+		  fixtodbl(pass0->nmsedec), pass0->wmsedec, pass0->end, pass0->rdslope);
+}
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+static void dump_layeringinfo(jpc_enc_t *enc)
+{
+
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt;
+	uint_fast16_t tcmptno;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl;
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+	jpc_enc_band_t *band;
+	uint_fast16_t bandno;
+	jpc_enc_prc_t *prc;
+	uint_fast32_t prcno;
+	jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk;
+	uint_fast16_t cblkno;
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *pass;
+	uint_fast16_t passno;
+	int lyrno;
+	jpc_enc_tile_t *tile;
+
+	tile = enc->curtile;
+
+	for (lyrno = 0; lyrno < tile->numlyrs; ++lyrno) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "lyrno = %02d\n", lyrno);
+		for (tcmptno = 0, tcmpt = tile->tcmpts; tcmptno < tile->numtcmpts;
+		  ++tcmptno, ++tcmpt) {
+			for (rlvlno = 0, rlvl = tcmpt->rlvls; rlvlno < tcmpt->numrlvls;
+			  ++rlvlno, ++rlvl) {
+				if (!rlvl->bands) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				for (bandno = 0, band = rlvl->bands; bandno < rlvl->numbands;
+				  ++bandno, ++band) {
+					if (!band->data) {
+						continue;
+					}
+					for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < rlvl->numprcs;
+					  ++prcno, ++prc) {
+						if (!prc->cblks) {
+							continue;
+						}
+						for (cblkno = 0, cblk = prc->cblks; cblkno <
+						  prc->numcblks; ++cblkno, ++cblk) {
+							for (passno = 0, pass = cblk->passes; passno <
+							  cblk->numpasses && pass->lyrno == lyrno;
+							  ++passno, ++pass) {
+								fprintf(stderr, "lyrno=%02d cmptno=%02d rlvlno=%02d bandno=%02d prcno=%02d cblkno=%03d passno=%03d\n", lyrno, tcmptno, rlvlno, bandno, prcno, cblkno, passno);
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int rateallocate(jpc_enc_t *enc, int numlyrs, uint_fast32_t *cumlens)
+{
+	jpc_flt_t lo;
+	jpc_flt_t hi;
+	jas_stream_t *out;
+	long cumlen;
+	int lyrno;
+	jpc_flt_t thresh;
+	jpc_flt_t goodthresh;
+	int success;
+	long pos;
+	long oldpos;
+	int numiters;
+
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *comp;
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *endcomps;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *lvl;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *endlvls;
+	jpc_enc_band_t *band;
+	jpc_enc_band_t *endbands;
+	jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk;
+	jpc_enc_cblk_t *endcblks;
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *pass;
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *endpasses;
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *pass1;
+	jpc_flt_t mxrdslope;
+	jpc_flt_t mnrdslope;
+	jpc_enc_tile_t *tile;
+	jpc_enc_prc_t *prc;
+	uint_fast32_t prcno;
+
+	tile = enc->curtile;
+
+	for (lyrno = 1; lyrno < numlyrs - 1; ++lyrno) {
+		if (cumlens[lyrno - 1] > cumlens[lyrno]) {
+			abort();
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!(out = jas_stream_memopen(0, 0))) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+
+	/* Find minimum and maximum R-D slope values. */
+	mnrdslope = DBL_MAX;
+	mxrdslope = 0;
+	endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
+	for (comp = tile->tcmpts; comp != endcomps; ++comp) {
+		endlvls = &comp->rlvls[comp->numrlvls];
+		for (lvl = comp->rlvls; lvl != endlvls; ++lvl) {
+			if (!lvl->bands) {
+				continue;
+			}
+			endbands = &lvl->bands[lvl->numbands];
+			for (band = lvl->bands; band != endbands; ++band) {
+				if (!band->data) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < lvl->numprcs; ++prcno, ++prc) {
+					if (!prc->cblks) {
+						continue;
+					}
+					endcblks = &prc->cblks[prc->numcblks];
+					for (cblk = prc->cblks; cblk != endcblks; ++cblk) {
+						calcrdslopes(cblk);
+						endpasses = &cblk->passes[cblk->numpasses];
+						for (pass = cblk->passes; pass != endpasses; ++pass) {
+							if (pass->rdslope > 0) {
+								if (pass->rdslope < mnrdslope) {
+									mnrdslope = pass->rdslope;
+								}
+								if (pass->rdslope > mxrdslope) {
+									mxrdslope = pass->rdslope;
+								}
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+if (jas_getdbglevel()) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "min rdslope = %f max rdslope = %f\n", mnrdslope, mxrdslope);
+}
+
+	jpc_init_t2state(enc, 1);
+
+	for (lyrno = 0; lyrno < numlyrs; ++lyrno) {
+
+		lo = mnrdslope;
+		hi = mxrdslope;
+
+		success = 0;
+		goodthresh = 0;
+		numiters = 0;
+
+		do {
+
+			cumlen = cumlens[lyrno];
+			if (cumlen == UINT_FAST32_MAX) {
+				/* Only the last layer can be free of a rate
+				  constraint (e.g., for lossless coding). */
+				assert(lyrno == numlyrs - 1);
+				goodthresh = -1;
+				success = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			thresh = (lo + hi) / 2;
+
+			/* Save the tier 2 coding state. */
+			jpc_save_t2state(enc);
+			oldpos = jas_stream_tell(out);
+			assert(oldpos >= 0);
+
+			/* Assign all passes with R-D slopes greater than or
+			  equal to the current threshold to this layer. */
+			endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
+			for (comp = tile->tcmpts; comp != endcomps; ++comp) {
+				endlvls = &comp->rlvls[comp->numrlvls];
+				for (lvl = comp->rlvls; lvl != endlvls; ++lvl) {
+					if (!lvl->bands) {
+						continue;
+					}
+					endbands = &lvl->bands[lvl->numbands];
+					for (band = lvl->bands; band != endbands; ++band) {
+						if (!band->data) {
+							continue;
+						}
+						for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < lvl->numprcs; ++prcno, ++prc) {
+							if (!prc->cblks) {
+								continue;
+							}
+							endcblks = &prc->cblks[prc->numcblks];
+							for (cblk = prc->cblks; cblk != endcblks; ++cblk) {
+								if (cblk->curpass) {
+									endpasses = &cblk->passes[cblk->numpasses];
+									pass1 = cblk->curpass;
+									for (pass = cblk->curpass; pass != endpasses; ++pass) {
+										if (pass->rdslope >= thresh) {
+											pass1 = &pass[1];
+										}
+									}
+									for (pass = cblk->curpass; pass != pass1; ++pass) {
+										pass->lyrno = lyrno;
+									}
+									for (; pass != endpasses; ++pass) {
+										pass->lyrno = -1;
+									}
+								}
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			/* Perform tier 2 coding. */
+			endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
+			for (comp = tile->tcmpts; comp != endcomps; ++comp) {
+				endlvls = &comp->rlvls[comp->numrlvls];
+				for (lvl = comp->rlvls; lvl != endlvls; ++lvl) {
+					if (!lvl->bands) {
+						continue;
+					}
+					for (prcno = 0; prcno < lvl->numprcs; ++prcno) {
+						if (jpc_enc_encpkt(enc, out, comp - tile->tcmpts, lvl - comp->rlvls, prcno, lyrno)) {
+							return -1;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			pos = jas_stream_tell(out);
+
+			/* Check the rate constraint. */
+			assert(pos >= 0);
+			if (pos > cumlen) {
+				/* The rate is too high. */
+				lo = thresh;
+			} else if (pos <= cumlen) {
+				/* The rate is low enough, so try higher. */
+				hi = thresh;
+				if (!success || thresh < goodthresh) {
+					goodthresh = thresh;
+					success = 1;
+				}
+			}
+
+			/* Save the tier 2 coding state. */
+			jpc_restore_t2state(enc);
+			if (jas_stream_seek(out, oldpos, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+				abort();
+			}
+
+if (jas_getdbglevel()) {
+fprintf(stderr, "maxlen=%08ld actuallen=%08ld thresh=%f\n", cumlen, pos, thresh);
+}
+
+			++numiters;
+		} while (lo < hi - 1e-3 && numiters < 32);
+
+		if (!success) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "warning: empty layer generated\n");
+		}
+
+if (jas_getdbglevel()) {
+fprintf(stderr, "success %d goodthresh %f\n", success, goodthresh);
+}
+
+		/* Assign all passes with R-D slopes greater than or
+		  equal to the selected threshold to this layer. */
+		endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
+		for (comp = tile->tcmpts; comp != endcomps; ++comp) {
+			endlvls = &comp->rlvls[comp->numrlvls];
+			for (lvl = comp->rlvls; lvl != endlvls; ++lvl) {
+if (!lvl->bands) {
+	continue;
+}
+				endbands = &lvl->bands[lvl->numbands];
+				for (band = lvl->bands; band != endbands; ++band) {
+					if (!band->data) {
+						continue;
+					}
+					for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < lvl->numprcs; ++prcno, ++prc) {
+						if (!prc->cblks) {
+							continue;
+						}
+						endcblks = &prc->cblks[prc->numcblks];
+						for (cblk = prc->cblks; cblk != endcblks; ++cblk) {
+							if (cblk->curpass) {
+								endpasses = &cblk->passes[cblk->numpasses];
+								pass1 = cblk->curpass;
+								if (success) {
+									for (pass = cblk->curpass; pass != endpasses; ++pass) {
+										if (pass->rdslope >= goodthresh) {
+											pass1 = &pass[1];
+										}
+									}
+								}
+								for (pass = cblk->curpass; pass != pass1; ++pass) {
+									pass->lyrno = lyrno;
+								}
+								for (; pass != endpasses; ++pass) {
+									pass->lyrno = -1;
+								}
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Perform tier 2 coding. */
+		endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
+		for (comp = tile->tcmpts; comp != endcomps; ++comp) {
+			endlvls = &comp->rlvls[comp->numrlvls];
+			for (lvl = comp->rlvls; lvl != endlvls; ++lvl) {
+				if (!lvl->bands) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				for (prcno = 0; prcno < lvl->numprcs; ++prcno) {
+					if (jpc_enc_encpkt(enc, out, comp - tile->tcmpts, lvl - comp->rlvls, prcno, lyrno)) {
+						return -1;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (jas_getdbglevel() >= 5) {
+		dump_layeringinfo(enc);
+	}
+
+	jas_stream_close(out);
+
+	JAS_DBGLOG(10, ("done doing rateallocation\n"));
+#if 0
+fprintf(stderr, "DONE RATE ALLOCATE\n");
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************\
+* Tile constructors and destructors.
+\******************************************************************************/
+
+jpc_enc_tile_t *jpc_enc_tile_create(jpc_enc_cp_t *cp, jas_image_t *image, int tileno)
+{
+	jpc_enc_tile_t *tile;
+	uint_fast32_t htileno;
+	uint_fast32_t vtileno;
+	uint_fast16_t lyrno;
+	uint_fast16_t cmptno;
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt;
+
+	if (!(tile = jas_malloc(sizeof(jpc_enc_tile_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Initialize a few members used in error recovery. */
+	tile->tcmpts = 0;
+	tile->lyrsizes = 0;
+	tile->numtcmpts = cp->numcmpts;
+	tile->pi = 0;
+
+	tile->tileno = tileno;
+	htileno = tileno % cp->numhtiles;
+	vtileno = tileno / cp->numhtiles;
+
+	/* Calculate the coordinates of the top-left and bottom-right
+	  corners of the tile. */
+	tile->tlx = JAS_MAX(cp->tilegrdoffx + htileno * cp->tilewidth,
+	  cp->imgareatlx);
+	tile->tly = JAS_MAX(cp->tilegrdoffy + vtileno * cp->tileheight,
+	  cp->imgareatly);
+	tile->brx = JAS_MIN(cp->tilegrdoffx + (htileno + 1) * cp->tilewidth,
+	  cp->refgrdwidth);
+	tile->bry = JAS_MIN(cp->tilegrdoffy + (vtileno + 1) * cp->tileheight,
+	  cp->refgrdheight);
+
+	/* Initialize some tile coding parameters. */
+	tile->intmode = cp->tcp.intmode;
+	tile->csty = cp->tcp.csty;
+	tile->prg = cp->tcp.prg;
+	tile->mctid = cp->tcp.mctid;
+
+	tile->numlyrs = cp->tcp.numlyrs;
+	if (!(tile->lyrsizes = jas_malloc(tile->numlyrs *
+	  sizeof(uint_fast32_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	for (lyrno = 0; lyrno < tile->numlyrs; ++lyrno) {
+		tile->lyrsizes[lyrno] = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Allocate an array for the per-tile-component information. */
+	if (!(tile->tcmpts = jas_malloc(cp->numcmpts * sizeof(jpc_enc_tcmpt_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	/* Initialize a few members critical for error recovery. */
+	for (cmptno = 0, tcmpt = tile->tcmpts; cmptno < cp->numcmpts;
+	  ++cmptno, ++tcmpt) {
+		tcmpt->rlvls = 0;
+		tcmpt->tsfb = 0;
+		tcmpt->data = 0;
+	}
+	/* Initialize the per-tile-component information. */
+	for (cmptno = 0, tcmpt = tile->tcmpts; cmptno < cp->numcmpts;
+	  ++cmptno, ++tcmpt) {
+		if (!tcmpt_create(tcmpt, cp, image, tile)) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Initialize the synthesis weights for the MCT. */
+	switch (tile->mctid) {
+	case JPC_MCT_RCT:
+		tile->tcmpts[0].synweight = jpc_dbltofix(sqrt(3.0));
+		tile->tcmpts[1].synweight = jpc_dbltofix(sqrt(0.6875));
+		tile->tcmpts[2].synweight = jpc_dbltofix(sqrt(0.6875));
+		break;
+	case JPC_MCT_ICT:
+		tile->tcmpts[0].synweight = jpc_dbltofix(sqrt(3.0000));
+		tile->tcmpts[1].synweight = jpc_dbltofix(sqrt(3.2584));
+		tile->tcmpts[2].synweight = jpc_dbltofix(sqrt(2.4755));
+		break;
+	default:
+	case JPC_MCT_NONE:
+		for (cmptno = 0, tcmpt = tile->tcmpts; cmptno < cp->numcmpts;
+		  ++cmptno, ++tcmpt) {
+			tcmpt->synweight = JPC_FIX_ONE;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (!(tile->pi = jpc_enc_pi_create(cp, tile))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	return tile;
+
+error:
+
+	if (tile) {
+		jpc_enc_tile_destroy(tile);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void jpc_enc_tile_destroy(jpc_enc_tile_t *tile)
+{
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt;
+	uint_fast16_t cmptno;
+
+	if (tile->tcmpts) {
+		for (cmptno = 0, tcmpt = tile->tcmpts; cmptno <
+		  tile->numtcmpts; ++cmptno, ++tcmpt) {
+			tcmpt_destroy(tcmpt);
+		}
+		jas_free(tile->tcmpts);
+	}
+	if (tile->lyrsizes) {
+		jas_free(tile->lyrsizes);
+	}
+	if (tile->pi) {
+		jpc_pi_destroy(tile->pi);
+	}
+	jas_free(tile);
+}
+
+static jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt_create(jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp,
+  jas_image_t *image, jpc_enc_tile_t *tile)
+{
+	uint_fast16_t cmptno;
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl;
+	uint_fast32_t tlx;
+	uint_fast32_t tly;
+	uint_fast32_t brx;
+	uint_fast32_t bry;
+	uint_fast32_t cmpttlx;
+	uint_fast32_t cmpttly;
+	jpc_enc_ccp_t *ccp;
+	jpc_tsfb_band_t bandinfos[JPC_MAXBANDS];
+
+	tcmpt->tile = tile;
+	tcmpt->tsfb = 0;
+	tcmpt->data = 0;
+	tcmpt->rlvls = 0;
+
+	/* Deduce the component number. */
+	cmptno = tcmpt - tile->tcmpts;
+
+	ccp = &cp->ccps[cmptno];
+
+	/* Compute the coordinates of the top-left and bottom-right
+	  corners of this tile-component. */
+	tlx = JPC_CEILDIV(tile->tlx, ccp->sampgrdstepx);
+	tly = JPC_CEILDIV(tile->tly, ccp->sampgrdstepy);
+	brx = JPC_CEILDIV(tile->brx, ccp->sampgrdstepx);
+	bry = JPC_CEILDIV(tile->bry, ccp->sampgrdstepy);
+
+	/* Create a sequence to hold the tile-component sample data. */
+	if (!(tcmpt->data = jas_seq2d_create(tlx, tly, brx, bry))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* Get the image data associated with this tile-component. */
+	cmpttlx = JPC_CEILDIV(cp->imgareatlx, ccp->sampgrdstepx);
+	cmpttly = JPC_CEILDIV(cp->imgareatly, ccp->sampgrdstepy);
+	if (jas_image_readcmpt(image, cmptno, tlx - cmpttlx, tly - cmpttly,
+	  brx - tlx, bry - tly, tcmpt->data)) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	tcmpt->synweight = 0;
+	tcmpt->qmfbid = cp->tccp.qmfbid;
+	tcmpt->numrlvls = cp->tccp.maxrlvls;
+	tcmpt->numbands = 3 * tcmpt->numrlvls - 2;
+	if (!(tcmpt->tsfb = jpc_cod_gettsfb(tcmpt->qmfbid, tcmpt->numrlvls - 1))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	for (rlvlno = 0; rlvlno < tcmpt->numrlvls; ++rlvlno) {
+		tcmpt->prcwidthexpns[rlvlno] = cp->tccp.prcwidthexpns[rlvlno];
+		tcmpt->prcheightexpns[rlvlno] = cp->tccp.prcheightexpns[rlvlno];
+	}
+	tcmpt->cblkwidthexpn = cp->tccp.cblkwidthexpn;
+	tcmpt->cblkheightexpn = cp->tccp.cblkheightexpn;
+	tcmpt->cblksty = cp->tccp.cblksty;
+	tcmpt->csty = cp->tccp.csty;
+
+	tcmpt->numstepsizes = tcmpt->numbands;
+	assert(tcmpt->numstepsizes <= JPC_MAXBANDS);
+	memset(tcmpt->stepsizes, 0, sizeof(tcmpt->numstepsizes *
+	  sizeof(uint_fast16_t)));
+
+	/* Retrieve information about the various bands. */
+	jpc_tsfb_getbands(tcmpt->tsfb, jas_seq2d_xstart(tcmpt->data),
+	  jas_seq2d_ystart(tcmpt->data), jas_seq2d_xend(tcmpt->data),
+	  jas_seq2d_yend(tcmpt->data), bandinfos);
+
+	if (!(tcmpt->rlvls = jas_malloc(tcmpt->numrlvls * sizeof(jpc_enc_rlvl_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	for (rlvlno = 0, rlvl = tcmpt->rlvls; rlvlno < tcmpt->numrlvls;
+	  ++rlvlno, ++rlvl) {
+		rlvl->bands = 0;
+		rlvl->tcmpt = tcmpt;
+	}
+	for (rlvlno = 0, rlvl = tcmpt->rlvls; rlvlno < tcmpt->numrlvls;
+	  ++rlvlno, ++rlvl) {
+		if (!rlvl_create(rlvl, cp, tcmpt, bandinfos)) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return tcmpt;
+
+error:
+
+	tcmpt_destroy(tcmpt);
+	return 0;
+
+}
+
+static void tcmpt_destroy(jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt)
+{
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl;
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+
+	if (tcmpt->rlvls) {
+		for (rlvlno = 0, rlvl = tcmpt->rlvls; rlvlno < tcmpt->numrlvls;
+		  ++rlvlno, ++rlvl) {
+			rlvl_destroy(rlvl);
+		}
+		jas_free(tcmpt->rlvls);
+	}
+
+	if (tcmpt->data) {
+		jas_seq2d_destroy(tcmpt->data);
+	}
+	if (tcmpt->tsfb) {
+		jpc_tsfb_destroy(tcmpt->tsfb);
+	}
+}
+
+static jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl_create(jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp,
+  jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt, jpc_tsfb_band_t *bandinfos)
+{
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+	uint_fast32_t tlprctlx;
+	uint_fast32_t tlprctly;
+	uint_fast32_t brprcbrx;
+	uint_fast32_t brprcbry;
+	uint_fast16_t bandno;
+	jpc_enc_band_t *band;
+
+	/* Deduce the resolution level. */
+	rlvlno = rlvl - tcmpt->rlvls;
+
+	/* Initialize members required for error recovery. */
+	rlvl->bands = 0;
+	rlvl->tcmpt = tcmpt;
+
+	/* Compute the coordinates of the top-left and bottom-right
+	  corners of the tile-component at this resolution. */
+	rlvl->tlx = JPC_CEILDIVPOW2(jas_seq2d_xstart(tcmpt->data), tcmpt->numrlvls -
+	  1 - rlvlno);
+	rlvl->tly = JPC_CEILDIVPOW2(jas_seq2d_ystart(tcmpt->data), tcmpt->numrlvls -
+	  1 - rlvlno);
+	rlvl->brx = JPC_CEILDIVPOW2(jas_seq2d_xend(tcmpt->data), tcmpt->numrlvls -
+	  1 - rlvlno);
+	rlvl->bry = JPC_CEILDIVPOW2(jas_seq2d_yend(tcmpt->data), tcmpt->numrlvls -
+	  1 - rlvlno);
+
+	if (rlvl->tlx >= rlvl->brx || rlvl->tly >= rlvl->bry) {
+		rlvl->numhprcs = 0;
+		rlvl->numvprcs = 0;
+		rlvl->numprcs = 0;
+		return rlvl;
+	}
+
+	rlvl->numbands = (!rlvlno) ? 1 : 3;
+	rlvl->prcwidthexpn = cp->tccp.prcwidthexpns[rlvlno];
+	rlvl->prcheightexpn = cp->tccp.prcheightexpns[rlvlno];
+	if (!rlvlno) {
+		rlvl->cbgwidthexpn = rlvl->prcwidthexpn;
+		rlvl->cbgheightexpn = rlvl->prcheightexpn;
+	} else {
+		rlvl->cbgwidthexpn = rlvl->prcwidthexpn - 1;
+		rlvl->cbgheightexpn = rlvl->prcheightexpn - 1;
+	}
+	rlvl->cblkwidthexpn = JAS_MIN(cp->tccp.cblkwidthexpn, rlvl->cbgwidthexpn);
+	rlvl->cblkheightexpn = JAS_MIN(cp->tccp.cblkheightexpn, rlvl->cbgheightexpn);
+
+	/* Compute the number of precincts. */
+	tlprctlx = JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(rlvl->tlx, rlvl->prcwidthexpn);
+	tlprctly = JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(rlvl->tly, rlvl->prcheightexpn);
+	brprcbrx = JPC_CEILTOMULTPOW2(rlvl->brx, rlvl->prcwidthexpn);
+	brprcbry = JPC_CEILTOMULTPOW2(rlvl->bry, rlvl->prcheightexpn);
+	rlvl->numhprcs = JPC_FLOORDIVPOW2(brprcbrx - tlprctlx, rlvl->prcwidthexpn);
+	rlvl->numvprcs = JPC_FLOORDIVPOW2(brprcbry - tlprctly, rlvl->prcheightexpn);
+	rlvl->numprcs = rlvl->numhprcs * rlvl->numvprcs;
+
+	if (!(rlvl->bands = jas_malloc(rlvl->numbands * sizeof(jpc_enc_band_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	for (bandno = 0, band = rlvl->bands; bandno < rlvl->numbands;
+	  ++bandno, ++band) {
+		band->prcs = 0;
+		band->data = 0;
+		band->rlvl = rlvl;
+	}
+	for (bandno = 0, band = rlvl->bands; bandno < rlvl->numbands;
+	  ++bandno, ++band) {
+		if (!band_create(band, cp, rlvl, bandinfos)) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return rlvl;
+error:
+
+	rlvl_destroy(rlvl);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void rlvl_destroy(jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl)
+{
+	jpc_enc_band_t *band;
+	uint_fast16_t bandno;
+
+	if (rlvl->bands) {
+		for (bandno = 0, band = rlvl->bands; bandno < rlvl->numbands;
+		  ++bandno, ++band) {
+			band_destroy(band);
+		}
+		jas_free(rlvl->bands);
+	}
+}
+
+static jpc_enc_band_t *band_create(jpc_enc_band_t *band, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp,
+  jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl, jpc_tsfb_band_t *bandinfos)
+{
+	uint_fast16_t bandno;
+	uint_fast16_t gblbandno;
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+	jpc_tsfb_band_t *bandinfo;
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt;
+	uint_fast32_t prcno;
+	jpc_enc_prc_t *prc;
+
+	tcmpt = rlvl->tcmpt;
+	band->data = 0;
+	band->prcs = 0;
+	band->rlvl = rlvl;
+
+	/* Deduce the resolution level and band number. */
+	rlvlno = rlvl - rlvl->tcmpt->rlvls;
+	bandno = band - rlvl->bands;
+	gblbandno = (!rlvlno) ? 0 : (3 * (rlvlno - 1) + bandno + 1);
+
+	bandinfo = &bandinfos[gblbandno];
+
+if (bandinfo->xstart != bandinfo->xend && bandinfo->ystart != bandinfo->yend) {
+	if (!(band->data = jas_seq2d_create(0, 0, 0, 0))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	jas_seq2d_bindsub(band->data, tcmpt->data, bandinfo->locxstart,
+	  bandinfo->locystart, bandinfo->locxend, bandinfo->locyend);
+	jas_seq2d_setshift(band->data, bandinfo->xstart, bandinfo->ystart);
+}
+	band->orient = bandinfo->orient;
+	band->analgain = JPC_NOMINALGAIN(cp->tccp.qmfbid, tcmpt->numrlvls, rlvlno,
+	  band->orient);
+	band->numbps = 0;
+	band->absstepsize = 0;
+	band->stepsize = 0;
+	band->synweight = bandinfo->synenergywt;
+
+if (band->data) {
+	if (!(band->prcs = jas_malloc(rlvl->numprcs * sizeof(jpc_enc_prc_t)))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < rlvl->numprcs; ++prcno,
+	  ++prc) {
+		prc->cblks = 0;
+		prc->incltree = 0;
+		prc->nlibtree = 0;
+		prc->savincltree = 0;
+		prc->savnlibtree = 0;
+		prc->band = band;
+	}
+	for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < rlvl->numprcs; ++prcno,
+	  ++prc) {
+		if (!prc_create(prc, cp, band)) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+	return band;
+
+error:
+	band_destroy(band);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void band_destroy(jpc_enc_band_t *band)
+{
+	jpc_enc_prc_t *prc;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl;
+	uint_fast32_t prcno;
+
+	if (band->prcs) {
+		rlvl = band->rlvl;
+		for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < rlvl->numprcs;
+		  ++prcno, ++prc) {
+			prc_destroy(prc);
+		}
+		jas_free(band->prcs);
+	}
+	if (band->data) {
+		jas_seq2d_destroy(band->data);
+	}
+}
+
+static jpc_enc_prc_t *prc_create(jpc_enc_prc_t *prc, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp, jpc_enc_band_t *band)
+{
+	uint_fast32_t prcno;
+	uint_fast32_t prcxind;
+	uint_fast32_t prcyind;
+	uint_fast32_t cbgtlx;
+	uint_fast32_t cbgtly;
+	uint_fast32_t tlprctlx;
+	uint_fast32_t tlprctly;
+	uint_fast32_t tlcbgtlx;
+	uint_fast32_t tlcbgtly;
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl;
+	uint_fast32_t tlcblktlx;
+	uint_fast32_t tlcblktly;
+	uint_fast32_t brcblkbrx;
+	uint_fast32_t brcblkbry;
+	uint_fast32_t cblkno;
+	jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk;
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt;
+
+	prc->cblks = 0;
+	prc->incltree = 0;
+	prc->savincltree = 0;
+	prc->nlibtree = 0;
+	prc->savnlibtree = 0;
+
+	rlvl = band->rlvl;
+	tcmpt = rlvl->tcmpt;
+rlvlno = rlvl - tcmpt->rlvls;
+	prcno = prc - band->prcs;
+	prcxind = prcno % rlvl->numhprcs;
+	prcyind = prcno / rlvl->numhprcs;
+	prc->band = band;
+
+tlprctlx = JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(rlvl->tlx, rlvl->prcwidthexpn);
+tlprctly = JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(rlvl->tly, rlvl->prcheightexpn);
+if (!rlvlno) {
+	tlcbgtlx = tlprctlx;
+	tlcbgtly = tlprctly;
+} else {
+	tlcbgtlx = JPC_CEILDIVPOW2(tlprctlx, 1);
+	tlcbgtly = JPC_CEILDIVPOW2(tlprctly, 1);
+}
+
+	/* Compute the coordinates of the top-left and bottom-right
+	  corners of the precinct. */
+	cbgtlx = tlcbgtlx + (prcxind << rlvl->cbgwidthexpn);
+	cbgtly = tlcbgtly + (prcyind << rlvl->cbgheightexpn);
+	prc->tlx = JAS_MAX(jas_seq2d_xstart(band->data), cbgtlx);
+	prc->tly = JAS_MAX(jas_seq2d_ystart(band->data), cbgtly);
+	prc->brx = JAS_MIN(jas_seq2d_xend(band->data), cbgtlx +
+	  (1 << rlvl->cbgwidthexpn));
+	prc->bry = JAS_MIN(jas_seq2d_yend(band->data), cbgtly +
+	  (1 << rlvl->cbgheightexpn));
+
+	if (prc->tlx < prc->brx && prc->tly < prc->bry) {
+		/* The precinct contains at least one code block. */
+
+		tlcblktlx = JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(prc->tlx, rlvl->cblkwidthexpn);
+		tlcblktly = JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(prc->tly, rlvl->cblkheightexpn);
+		brcblkbrx = JPC_CEILTOMULTPOW2(prc->brx, rlvl->cblkwidthexpn);
+		brcblkbry = JPC_CEILTOMULTPOW2(prc->bry, rlvl->cblkheightexpn);
+		prc->numhcblks = JPC_FLOORDIVPOW2(brcblkbrx - tlcblktlx,
+		  rlvl->cblkwidthexpn);
+		prc->numvcblks = JPC_FLOORDIVPOW2(brcblkbry - tlcblktly,
+		  rlvl->cblkheightexpn);
+		prc->numcblks = prc->numhcblks * prc->numvcblks;
+
+		if (!(prc->incltree = jpc_tagtree_create(prc->numhcblks,
+		  prc->numvcblks))) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+		if (!(prc->nlibtree = jpc_tagtree_create(prc->numhcblks,
+		  prc->numvcblks))) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+		if (!(prc->savincltree = jpc_tagtree_create(prc->numhcblks,
+		  prc->numvcblks))) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+		if (!(prc->savnlibtree = jpc_tagtree_create(prc->numhcblks,
+		  prc->numvcblks))) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+
+		if (!(prc->cblks = jas_malloc(prc->numcblks * sizeof(jpc_enc_cblk_t)))) {
+			goto error;
+		}
+		for (cblkno = 0, cblk = prc->cblks; cblkno < prc->numcblks;
+		  ++cblkno, ++cblk) {
+			cblk->passes = 0;
+			cblk->stream = 0;
+			cblk->mqenc = 0;
+			cblk->data = 0;
+			cblk->flags = 0;
+			cblk->prc = prc;
+		}
+		for (cblkno = 0, cblk = prc->cblks; cblkno < prc->numcblks;
+		  ++cblkno, ++cblk) {
+			if (!cblk_create(cblk, cp, prc)) {
+				goto error;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* The precinct does not contain any code blocks. */
+		prc->tlx = prc->brx;
+		prc->tly = prc->bry;
+		prc->numcblks = 0;
+		prc->numhcblks = 0;
+		prc->numvcblks = 0;
+		prc->cblks = 0;
+		prc->incltree = 0;
+		prc->nlibtree = 0;
+		prc->savincltree = 0;
+		prc->savnlibtree = 0;
+	}
+
+	return prc;
+
+error:
+	prc_destroy(prc);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void prc_destroy(jpc_enc_prc_t *prc)
+{
+	jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk;
+	uint_fast32_t cblkno;
+
+	if (prc->cblks) {
+		for (cblkno = 0, cblk = prc->cblks; cblkno < prc->numcblks;
+		  ++cblkno, ++cblk) {
+			cblk_destroy(cblk);
+		}
+		jas_free(prc->cblks);
+	}
+	if (prc->incltree) {
+		jpc_tagtree_destroy(prc->incltree);
+	}
+	if (prc->nlibtree) {
+		jpc_tagtree_destroy(prc->nlibtree);
+	}
+	if (prc->savincltree) {
+		jpc_tagtree_destroy(prc->savincltree);
+	}
+	if (prc->savnlibtree) {
+		jpc_tagtree_destroy(prc->savnlibtree);
+	}
+}
+
+static jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk_create(jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk, jpc_enc_cp_t *cp, jpc_enc_prc_t *prc)
+{
+	jpc_enc_band_t *band;
+	uint_fast32_t cblktlx;
+	uint_fast32_t cblktly;
+	uint_fast32_t cblkbrx;
+	uint_fast32_t cblkbry;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl;
+	uint_fast32_t cblkxind;
+	uint_fast32_t cblkyind;
+	uint_fast32_t cblkno;
+	uint_fast32_t tlcblktlx;
+	uint_fast32_t tlcblktly;
+
+	cblkno = cblk - prc->cblks;
+	cblkxind = cblkno % prc->numhcblks;
+	cblkyind = cblkno / prc->numhcblks;
+	rlvl = prc->band->rlvl;
+	cblk->prc = prc;
+
+	cblk->numpasses = 0;
+	cblk->passes = 0;
+	cblk->numencpasses = 0;
+	cblk->numimsbs = 0;
+	cblk->numlenbits = 0;
+	cblk->stream = 0;
+	cblk->mqenc = 0;
+	cblk->flags = 0;
+	cblk->numbps = 0;
+	cblk->curpass = 0;
+	cblk->data = 0;
+	cblk->savedcurpass = 0;
+	cblk->savednumlenbits = 0;
+	cblk->savednumencpasses = 0;
+
+	band = prc->band;
+	tlcblktlx = JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(prc->tlx, rlvl->cblkwidthexpn);
+	tlcblktly = JPC_FLOORTOMULTPOW2(prc->tly, rlvl->cblkheightexpn);
+	cblktlx = JAS_MAX(tlcblktlx + (cblkxind << rlvl->cblkwidthexpn), prc->tlx);
+	cblktly = JAS_MAX(tlcblktly + (cblkyind << rlvl->cblkheightexpn), prc->tly);
+	cblkbrx = JAS_MIN(tlcblktlx + ((cblkxind + 1) << rlvl->cblkwidthexpn),
+	  prc->brx);
+	cblkbry = JAS_MIN(tlcblktly + ((cblkyind + 1) << rlvl->cblkheightexpn),
+	  prc->bry);
+
+	assert(cblktlx < cblkbrx && cblktly < cblkbry);
+	if (!(cblk->data = jas_seq2d_create(0, 0, 0, 0))) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	jas_seq2d_bindsub(cblk->data, band->data, cblktlx, cblktly, cblkbrx, cblkbry);
+
+	return cblk;
+
+error:
+	cblk_destroy(cblk);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void cblk_destroy(jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk)
+{
+	uint_fast16_t passno;
+	jpc_enc_pass_t *pass;
+	if (cblk->passes) {
+		for (passno = 0, pass = cblk->passes; passno < cblk->numpasses;
+		  ++passno, ++pass) {
+			pass_destroy(pass);
+		}
+		jas_free(cblk->passes);
+	}
+	if (cblk->stream) {
+		jas_stream_close(cblk->stream);
+	}
+	if (cblk->mqenc) {
+		jpc_mqenc_destroy(cblk->mqenc);
+	}
+	if (cblk->data) {
+		jas_seq2d_destroy(cblk->data);
+	}
+	if (cblk->flags) {
+		jas_seq2d_destroy(cblk->flags);
+	}
+}
+
+static void pass_destroy(jpc_enc_pass_t *pass)
+{
+	/* XXX - need to free resources here */
+}
+
+void jpc_enc_dump(jpc_enc_t *enc)
+{
+	jpc_enc_tile_t *tile;
+	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt;
+	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl;
+	jpc_enc_band_t *band;
+	jpc_enc_prc_t *prc;
+	jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk;
+	uint_fast16_t cmptno;
+	uint_fast16_t rlvlno;
+	uint_fast16_t bandno;
+	uint_fast32_t prcno;
+	uint_fast32_t cblkno;
+
+	tile = enc->curtile;
+
+	for (cmptno = 0, tcmpt = tile->tcmpts; cmptno < tile->numtcmpts; ++cmptno,
+	  ++tcmpt) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "  tcmpt %5d %5d %5d %5d\n", jas_seq2d_xstart(tcmpt->data), jas_seq2d_ystart(tcmpt->data), jas_seq2d_xend(tcmpt->data), jas_seq2d_yend(tcmpt->data));
+		for (rlvlno = 0, rlvl = tcmpt->rlvls; rlvlno < tcmpt->numrlvls;
+		  ++rlvlno, ++rlvl) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "    rlvl %5d %5d %5d %5d\n", rlvl->tlx, rlvl->tly, rlvl->brx, rlvl->bry);
+			for (bandno = 0, band = rlvl->bands; bandno < rlvl->numbands;
+			  ++bandno, ++band) {
+				if (!band->data) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				fprintf(stderr, "      band %5d %5d %5d %5d\n", jas_seq2d_xstart(band->data), jas_seq2d_ystart(band->data), jas_seq2d_xend(band->data), jas_seq2d_yend(band->data));
+				for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < rlvl->numprcs;
+				  ++prcno, ++prc) {
+					fprintf(stderr, "        prc %5d %5d %5d %5d (%5d %5d)\n", prc->tlx, prc->tly, prc->brx, prc->bry, prc->brx - prc->tlx, prc->bry - prc->tly);
+					if (!prc->cblks) {
+						continue;
+					}
+					for (cblkno = 0, cblk = prc->cblks; cblkno < prc->numcblks;
+					  ++cblkno, ++cblk) {
+						fprintf(stderr, "         cblk %5d %5d %5d %5d\n", jas_seq2d_xstart(cblk->data), jas_seq2d_ystart(cblk->data), jas_seq2d_xend(cblk->data), jas_seq2d_yend(cblk->data));
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}