about summary refs log tree commit diff
path: root/Doc/Zsh/compsys.yo
blob: 547db492b3f88179884970a5306e4baf6b4d1a82 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
texinode(Completion System)(Zsh Modules)(Completion Widgets)(Top)
chapter(Completion System)
cindex(completion system)
cindex(completion, programmable)
cindex(completion, controlling)
sect(Description)

This describes the shell code for the new completion system.  It consists
of various shell functions; those beginning `tt(comp)' are to be called
directly by the user, while those beginning `tt(_)' are called by the
completion code.  The shell functions of the second set which implement
completion behaviour and which may be bound to keystrokes, are referred to
as `widgets'.

startmenu()
menu(Initialization)
menu(Completion System Configuration)
menu(Control Functions)
menu(Bindable Commands)
menu(Completion Functions)
menu(Completion Directories)
endmenu()

texinode(Initialization)(Completion System Configuration)()(Completion System)
sect(Initialization)
findex(compinstall)
cindex(completion system, installing)

If the system was installed completely, it should be enough to
call the shell function tt(compinit) from your initialization file; see the
next section.  However, the function tt(compinstall) can be run by a user
to configure various aspects of the completion system.

Usually, tt(compinstall) will insert code into tt(.zshrc), although if
that is not writable it will save it in another file and tell you that
file's location.  Note that it is up to you to make sure that the lines
added to tt(.zshrc) are actually run; you may, for example, need to move
them to an earlier place in the file if tt(.zshrc) usually returns early.
So long as you keep them all together (including the comment lines at the
start and finish), you can rerun tt(compinstall) and it will correctly
locate and modify these lines.  Note, however, that any code you add to
this section by hand is likely to be lost if you rerun tt(compinstall),
although lines using the command `tt(zstyle)' should be gracefully handled.

The new code will take effect next time you start the shell, or run
tt(.zshrc) by hand; there is also an option to make them take effect
immediately.  However, if tt(compinstall) has removed definitions, you will
need to restart the shell to see the changes.

To run tt(compinstall) you will need to make sure it is in a directory
mentioned in your tt($fpath) parameter, which should already be the case if
zsh was properly configured as long as your startup files do not remove the
appropriate directories from tt($fpath).  Then it must be autoloaded
(`tt(autoload -U compinstall)' is recommended).  You can abort the
installation any time you are being prompted for information, and your
tt(.zshrc) will not be altered at all; changes only take place right at the
end, where you are specifically asked for confirmation.

subsect(Use of compinit)
findex(compinit)
cindex(completion system, initializing)

This section describes the use of tt(compinit) to initialize completion for
the current session when run directly by the user; if you have run
tt(compinstall) it will be called automatically from your tt(.zshrc).

To initialize the system, the function tt(compinit) should be in a
directory mentioned in the tt($fpath) variable, and should be autoloaded
(`tt(autoload -U compinit)' is recommended).  When run, it will define a
few utility functions, arrange for all the necessary shell functions to be
autoloaded, and will then re-bind all keys that do completion to use the
new system. Note that this means that the tt(zsh/complist) module has
to be loaded before the completion system is initialized (i.e. the
tt(compinit) function is called) to make sure that the tt(menu-select)
widget defined by it will be redefined, too.

Should you need to use the original copmpletion commands, you can still
bind keys to the old functions by putting a `tt(.)' in front of the
command name, e.g. `tt(.expand-or-complete)'.

To speed up the running of tt(compinit), it can be made to produce a dumped
configuration which will be read in on future invocations; this is the
default, although it can be turned off by calling tt(compinit) with the
option tt(-D).  The dumped file is tt(.zcompdump) in the same
directory as the startup files (i.e. tt($ZDOTDIR) or tt($HOME));
alternatively, an explicit file name can be given by `tt(compinit -d)
var(dumpfile)'.  On the next call to tt(compinit), the dumped file will be
read instead of a full initialization.

If the number of completion files changes, tt(compinit) will recognise this
and produce a new dump file.  However, if the name of a function or the
arguments in the first line of a tt(#compdef) function (as described below)
change, it is easiest to delete the dump file by hand so that the next time
tt(compinit) will re-create it.

The dumping is actually done by another function, tt(compdump), but you
will only need to run this yourself if you change the configuration
(e.g. using tt(compdef)) and then want to dump the new one.  The name of
the old dumped file will be remembered for this purpose.

If the parameter tt(_compdir) is set, tt(compinit) uses it as a directory
where completion functions can be found; this is only necessary if they are
not already in the function search path.

subsect(Autoloaded files)
cindex(completion system, autoloaded functions)

The convention for autoloaded functions used in completion is that they
start with an underscore; as already mentioned, the tt(fpath/FPATH)
parameter must contain the directory in which they are stored.  If tt(zsh)
was properly installed on your system, then tt(fpath/FPATH) automatically
contains the required directories.

For incomplete installations, if tt(compinit) does not find enough files
beginning with an underscore (fewer than twenty) in the search path, it
will try to find more by adding the directory tt(_compdir) to the search
path; if you have run tt(compinstall), this will be set automatically.
Furthermore, if the directory in question ends in the path segment
tt(Core), or has a subdirectory named tt(Core), tt(compinit) will add all
subdirectories of the directory where tt(Core) is to the path: this allows
the functions to be in the same format as in the tt(zsh) source
distribution.

cindex(compdef, use of by compinit)
When tt(compinit) is run, it searches all such files accessible via
tt(fpath/FPATH) and reads the first line of each of them.  This line should
contain one of the tags described below. Files whose first line does not
start with one of these tags are not considered to be part of the
completion system and will not be treated specially.

The tags are:

startitem()
item(tt(#compdef) var(names...))(
The file will be made autoloadable and the function defined 
in it will be called when completing var(names), each of which is
either the name of a command whose arguments are to be completed or one of
a number of special contexts in the form tt(-)var(context)tt(-) described
below for the tt(_complete) function.
)
item(tt(#compdef -p) var(pattern))(
The file will be made autoloadable and the function defined in it will be
called when completing for a command whose name matches the given
var(pattern) (a standard globbing pattern).  Note that only one
var(pattern) may be given.
)
item(tt(#compdef -P) var(pattern))(
Like the previous one, but the function will be called only if no
completion function for the command on the line could be found.
)
item(tt(#compdef -k) var(style key-sequences...))(
This can be used to bind special completion functions to the
var(key-sequences).  It creates a widget behaving like the builtin widget
var(style), which must be one of those that perform completion, namely
tt(complete-word), tt(delete-char-or-list), tt(expand-or-complete),
tt(expand-or-complete-prefix), tt(list-choices), tt(menu-complete),
tt(menu-expand-or-complete), or tt(reverse-menu-complete). If the
tt(complist) module is loaded (see
ifzman(zmanref(zshmodules))\
ifnzman(noderef(The zsh/complist Module))\
), the tt(menu-select) widget can be used, too.  Note that the
bindings will not be used if the key is already bound (that
is, is bound to something other than tt(undefined-key)).

The widget is then bound to all the var(key-sequences) given, if any: when
one of the var(key-sequences) is typed, the function in the file will
be invoked to generate the matches. The widget created has the same
name as the file and can also be bound to other keys using tt(bindkey) 
as usual.
)
item(tt(#compdef -K) var(widget-name) var(style) var(key-sequences) ...)(
This is similar to tt(-k), with the same var(style) and var(key-sequences)
arguments arguments, preceeded by a string giving the name of a widget.
In this case only one var(key-sequences) argument may be given, but the
entire set of three arguments may be repeated with a different set of
arguments.  In particular, the var(widget-name) must be distinct in each
set.  It should begin with `tt(_)', else one will be added, and should not
clash with the name of any existing widget: names based on the name of the
function are most useful.  For example,

example(#compdef -K _foo_complete complete-word "^X^C" \ 
  _foo_list list-choices "^X^D")

(all on one line) defines a widget tt(_foo_complete) for completion, bound
to `tt(^X^C)', and a widget tt(_foo_list) for listing, bound to `tt(^X^D)'.
)
item(tt(#autoload) [ var(options) ])(
This is used for files defining utility function that are not to be
called directly as completion functions but should be loaded automatically
when invoked.  Typically they are to be called from within one of the
completion functions.

The var(options) will be given to the tt(autoload) builtin command
when making the function autoloaded. Note that the tt(-U) flag is
always used. Most often, this will be tt(+X) to force the function
being loaded immediately.
)
enditem()

Note that the tt(#) is part of the tag name and no white space is allowed
after it.  The tt(#compdef) tags use the tt(compdef) function described
below; the main difference is that the name of the function is supplied
implicitly.

subsect(Functions)

The tt(compinit) file defines the following function, which may
also be called directly by the user.

findex(compdef)
cindex(completion system, adding definitions)
startitem()
xitem(tt(compdef) [ tt(-an) ] var(function names...))
xitem(tt(compdef -d) var(names...))
xitem(tt(compdef -p) [ tt(-a) ] var(function pattern))
xitem(tt(compdef -P) [ tt(-a) ] var(function pattern))
xitem(tt(compdef -k) [ tt(-an) ] var(function style key-sequences...))
item(tt(compdef -K) [ tt(-an) ] var(function name style key-sequences ...))(
The first form tells the completion system to call the given
var(function) when completing for the contexts or commands
whose var(names) are given:  this is like the tt(#compdef) tag.  If the
tt(-n) option is given, any existing completion behaviour for particular
contexts or commands will not be altered.  These definitions can be deleted
by giving the tt(-d) option as in the second form.

The form with tt(-p) is similar to the first, but var(function) will be
called for all commands whose name matches the var(pattern); this is like
the tt(#compdef -p) function tag.

The form with tt(-P) is like the third, but the var(function) will be
called only if no function for the command itself was found or if one
was found and it set the tt(_compskip) parameter to a value em(not)
containing the substring tt(patterns).

The form with tt(-k) defines a widget with the same name as the var(function)
which will be called for each of the var(key-sequences); this is like the
tt(#compdef -k) tag.  The function should generate the completions needed
and will otherwise behave like the builtin widget whose name is given as
the var(style) argument. The widgets usable for this are:
tt(complete-word), tt(delete-char-or-list), tt(expand-or-complete),
tt(expand-or-complete-prefix), tt(list-choices), tt(menu-complete),
tt(menu-expand-or-complete), and tt(reverse-menu-complete), as well as
tt(menu-select) if the tt(zsh/complist) module is loaded.  The option tt(-n)
prevents the key being bound if it is already to bound to something other
than tt(undefined-key).

The form with tt(-K) is similar and defines multiple widgets based on the
same var(function), each of which requires the set of three arguments
var(name), var(style) and var(key-sequences), where the latter two are as
for tt(-k) and the first must be a unique widget name beginning with an
underscore.

In each of the forms supporting it the tt(-a) option makes the
var(function) autoloadable (exactly equivalent to
tt(autoload -U )var(function)).
)
enditem()

texinode(Completion System Configuration)(Control Functions)(Initialization)(Completion System)
sect(Completion System Configuration)
cindex(completion system, configuration)

This section gives a short overview of how the completion system works,
and then more detail on how users can configure how and when matches are
generated.

subsect(Overview)

When completion is attempted somewhere on a command line the
completion system first tries to find out the context where completion 
was tried.  The context depends on such things as the name of the
command when completing an argument, and possibily also
the name of an option when completing an argument to that option.

For the context a name consisting of multiple fields is built. This
name is then used to look up styles that can be used to configure the
completion system. Since it is not possible to build the whole context 
name in advance, completion function may modify some of the fields and 
hence the context name used for lookup may vary during the same call
to the completion system.

The context name always consists of the following fields, separated
by colons:

startitemize()
itemiz(\
The literal string tt(completion), saying that this style is used by
the completion system.
)
itemiz(\
The var(function); in many cases this field will be blank, but when
the completion system is called from other functions, like
tt(predict-on) or one of the functions in the tt(Command) directory of 
the distribution, this field contains the (probably abbreviated) name
of that function.
)
itemiz(\
The var(completer) currently active, i.e. the name of the completer
function without the leading underscore. Such a completer is in
overall control of how completion is to be performed; `tt(complete)'
is the basic one for ordinary completion, but completers may perform
various related tasks such as correction, or modify the behaviour of a
later completer (see
ifzman(the section `Control Functions' below)\
ifnzman(noderef(Control Functions)) 
for more information).  
)
itemiz(\
The var(context) or var(command). This is either one of the special
context names such as tt(-condition-) as explained for the
tt(_complete) completer below, or the name of the command we are
completing arguments for. Completion functions for commands that have
sub-commands usually modify this field to contain the name of the
command followed by a minus sign and the sub-command (e.g. the
completion function for the tt(cvs) command sets this field to strings
such as tt(cvs-add) when completing for the tt(add) sub-command).
)
itemiz(\
The var(argument), describing which argument we are
completing. Normally this is either a string of the form
tt(argument-)var(n), where var(n) is the number of the argument or it
is a string of the form tt(-)var(opt)tt(-)var(n) when completing the
var(n)'th argument of the option var(opt).
)
itemiz(\
The var(tag). Tags are used for two purposes:  to describe the types
of matches a completion function can generate for a certain context
and to simplify the definition of styles that are tested.
)
enditemize()

As an example, the context name

example(tt(:completion::complete:dvips:-o-1:files))

says that normal completion was attempted on an argument of the tt(dvips)
command (more precisely: completion was attempted on the first argument
after the tt(-o) option) and the completion function will generate
filenames for this context.

In many of the possible contexts the completion system can generate
matches, often multiple types of matches.  These types are represented as
simple names called `tags'.  The completion system will decide internally
what sort of tags are allowed; a list of the standard possibilities is given
below.  To determine in which order the tags are to be used by the
completion function, the `tt(tag-order)' style for the appropriate
context may be set, as described in the list of standard styles below.
Only those types of matches whose tags were selected by this style
will be produced, and in the order given.

The tt(_complete_help) bindable command described in 
ifzman(the section `Bindable Commands' below)\
ifnzman(noderef(Bindable Commands))
can be invoked to find out the context and tag names and styles used at a particular
point in completion.  It shows a list of context names and the 
tag names used in those contexts if completion were tried at the
current cursor position.  Hence one can easily find out all the
information needed to change the behaviour of the tt(tag-order) style
for a particular context.

Completion behaviour can be modified by various other
styles defined with the tt(zstyle) builtin command (\
ifzman(see zmanref(zshmodules))\
ifnzman(noderef(The zsh/zutil Module))).
When looking up styles the completion system uses full context names,
including the tag.

Styles determine such things as how the matches are generated; some of them
correspond to shell options (for example, the use of menu completion), but
styles provide more specific control.  They can have any number of strings as
their value.  Looking up the value of a style therefore consists of two
things:  the context, which may be matched as a pattern, and the name of
the style itself, which must be given exactly.

For example, many completion functions can generate matches in a
simple and a verbose form and use the tt(verbose) style to decide
which form should be used. To make all such functions always use the
verbose form one can simply call

example(zstyle ':completion:*' verbose yes)

in one of the startup files like tt(.zshrc). This definition simply
means that the tt(verbose) style has tt(yes) as its value in every
context inside the completion system.  If the pattern were `tt(*)', it
would mean that the verbose style had this value anywhere the style
mechanism is used.

As a more specific example, the completion function for the tt(kill)
builtin command uses the tt(verbose) style to decide if jobs and processes
are listed only as job numbers and process identifiers or if they are
listed with the full job texts and the command lines of the processes (the
latter is achieved by calling the tt(ps) command). To make this builtin
list the matches only as numbers one could call:

example(zstyle ':completion:*:*:kill:*' verbose no)

Furthermore, if one wanted to see the command lines for processes but not the
job texts one could use the fact that the context name contains the tag name
when styles are looked up.  As the function for the tt(kill)
builtin command uses the tags tt(jobs) and tt(processes), we can use:

example(zstyle ':completion:*:*:kill:*:jobs' verbose no)

Note that the order in which styles are em(defined) does not matter; the
style mechanism uses the most specific possible match for a particular
style to determine the set of values.  More precisely, strings are
preferred over patterns (for example, `tt(:completion:complete:foo)' is
more specific than `tt(:completion:complete:*')), and longer patterns are
preferred over shorter patterns.

As for tags, completion functions can use any number of styles, so
there can't be a complete list. However, the following two sections
list those tags and styles that are used in many places of the
completion system.

subsect(Standard Tags)
cindex(completion system, tags)

Here are the tags currently used by the completion system. Note that
some of these tags are not actually used while generating matches,
but are only used by some completion functions when looking up
styles.

startitem()
kindex(accounts, completion tag)
item(tt(accounts))(
used to look up the tt(users-hosts) style
)
kindex(all-files, completion tag)
item(tt(all-files))(
for the names of all files
)
kindex(all-expansions, completion tag)
item(tt(all-expansions))(
used by the tt(_expand) completer when adding the string containing
all expansions
)
kindex(arguments, completion tag)
item(tt(arguments))(
when an argument of a command may be completed
)
kindex(arrays, completion tag)
item(tt(arrays))(
for names of array parameters
)
kindex(association-keys, completion tag)
item(tt(association-keys))(
for keys of associative arrays (e.g. when completing inside a
subscript of such a parameter)
)
kindex(bookmarks, completion tag)
item(tt(bookmarks))(
when completing bookmarks (e.g. for URLs and the tt(zftp) function suite)
)
kindex(builtins, completion tag)
item(tt(builtins))(
for names of builtin commands
)
kindex(characters, completion tag)
item(tt(characters))(
used for commands like tt(stty) when completing characters; also used
when completing character classes after a opening bracket
)
kindex(colors, completion tag)
item(tt(colors))(
for color names
)
kindex(commands, completion tag)
item(tt(commands))(
for names of external commands and names of sub-commands (used by some 
commands like tt(cvs))
)
kindex(corrections, completion tag)
item(tt(corrections))(
used by the tt(_approximate) and tt(_correct) completers for the possible
corrections
)
kindex(cursors, completion tag)
item(tt(cursors))(
for cursor names used by X programs
)
kindex(default, completion tag)
item(tt(default))(
used to look up default values for various styles that may also be set 
for tags that are used when generating matches
)
kindex(descriptions, completion tag)
item(tt(descriptions))(
used when looking up the value of the tt(format) style for
descriptions
)
kindex(devices, completion tag)
item(tt(devices))(
for names of device special files
)
kindex(directories, completion tag)
item(tt(directories))(
for names of directories
)
kindex(directory-stack, completion tag)
item(tt(directory-stack))(
for entries in the directory stack
)
kindex(displays, completion tag)
item(tt(displays))(
for X display names
)
kindex(domains, completion tag)
item(tt(domains))(
for network domains
)
kindex(expansions, completion tag)
item(tt(expansions))(
used by the tt(_expand) completer for possible expansions
)
kindex(extensions, completion tag)
item(tt(extensions))(
for X server extensions
)
kindex(files, completion tag)
item(tt(files))(
used by completion functions that can complete some kind of filenames
and different types of matches
)
kindex(fonts, completion tag)
item(tt(fonts))(
used for X font names
)
kindex(functions, completion tag)
item(tt(functions))(
names of functions (shell functions or other kinds of functions for
some commands)
)
kindex(globbed-files, completion tag)
item(tt(globbed-files))(
for names of files matching the glob pattern used by completion
functions that expect a certain type of file
)
kindex(groups, completion tag)
item(tt(groups))(
used when completing names of user groups
)
kindex(history-words, completion tag)
item(tt(history-words))(
for words from the history
)
kindex(hosts, completion tag)
item(tt(hosts))(
for hostnames
)
kindex(indexes, completion tag)
item(tt(indexes))(
used for array indexes
)
kindex(jobs, completion tag)
item(tt(jobs))(
used for jobs
)
kindex(keymaps, completion tag)
item(tt(keymaps))(
for names of zsh keymaps
)
kindex(keysyms, completion tag)
item(tt(keysyms))(
for names of X keysyms
)
kindex(local-directories, completion tag)
item(tt(local-directories))(
for names of directories in the current working directory when
completing for the tt(cd) builtin command
)
kindex(libraries, completion tag)
item(tt(libraries))(
for names of system libraries
)
kindex(limits, completion tag)
item(tt(limits))(
for system limits
)
kindex(manuals, completion tag)
item(tt(manuals))(
for names of manual pages
)
kindex(maps, completion tag)
item(tt(maps))(
for map names (e.g. YP maps)
)
kindex(messages, completion tag)
item(tt(messages))(
used to look up the tt(format) style for messages
)
kindex(modifiers, completion tag)
item(tt(modifiers))(
for names of X modifiers
)
kindex(modules, completion tag)
item(tt(modules))(
for modules (e.g. tt(zsh) modules)
)
kindex(my-accounts, completion tag)
item(tt(my-accounts))(
used to look up the tt(users-hosts) style
)
kindex(named-directories, completion tag)
item(tt(named-directories))(
for named directories (you wouldn't have guessed that, would you?)
)
kindex(names, completion tag)
item(tt(names))(
for all kinds of names
)
kindex(nicknames, completion tag)
item(tt(nicknames))(
for nicknames of YP maps
)
kindex(options, completion tag)
item(tt(options))(
for command options
)
kindex(original, completion tag)
item(tt(original))(
used by the tt(_approximate), tt(_correct) and tt(_expand) completers when
adding the original string
)
kindex(other-accounts, completion tag)
item(tt(other-accounts))(
used to look up the tt(users-hosts) style
)
kindex(packages, completion tag)
item(tt(packages))(
for packages (e.g. tt(rpm) or installed tt(Debian) packages)
)
kindex(parameters, completion tag)
item(tt(parameters))(
for names of parameters
)
kindex(path-directories, completion tag)
item(tt(path-directories))(
for names of directories in directories from the tt(cdpath) array when
completing for the tt(cd) builtin command
)
kindex(paths, completion tag)
item(tt(paths))(
used to look up the values of the tt(expand), tt(ambiguous) and
tt(special-dirs) styles
)
kindex(pods, completion tag)
item(tt(pods))(
for perl pods
)
kindex(ports, completion tag)
item(tt(ports))(
for communication ports
)
kindex(prefixes, completion tag)
item(tt(prefixes))(
for prefixes (like those of an URL)
)
kindex(printers, completion tag)
item(tt(printers))(
for printer names
)
kindex(processes, completion tag)
item(tt(processes))(
for process identifiers
)
kindex(processes-list, completion tag)
item(tt(processes-list))(
used to look up the tt(command) style when generating the list to
display for process identifiers
)
kindex(processes-names, completion tag)
item(tt(processes-names))(
used to look up the tt(command) style when generating the names of
processes for tt(killall)
)
kindex(sequences, completion tag)
item(tt(sequences))(
for sequences (e.g. tt(mh) sequences)
)
kindex(sessions, completion tag)
item(tt(sessions))(
for sessions in the tt(zftp) function suite
)
kindex(signals, completion tag)
item(tt(signals))(
for signal names
)
kindex(strings, completion tag)
item(tt(strings))(
for strings (e.g. the replacement strings for the tt(cd) builtin
command)
)
kindex(tags, completion tag)
item(tt(tags))(
for tags (e.g. tt(rpm) tags)
)
kindex(targets, completion tag)
item(tt(targets))(
for makefile targets
)
kindex(types, completion tag)
item(tt(types))(
for types of whatever (e.g. adress types for the tt(xhost) command)
)
kindex(urls, completion tag)
item(tt(urls))(
used to look up the tt(path) and tt(local) styles when completing URLs
)
kindex(users, completion tag)
item(tt(users))(
for usernames
)
kindex(values, completion tag)
item(tt(values))(
when completing a value out of a set of values (or a list of such
values)
)
kindex(version, completion tag)
item(tt(version))(
used by tt(_call) to look up the command to run to determine the installed
version of various other commands (currently tt(diff) and tt(make)).
)
kindex(warnings, completion tag)
item(tt(warnings))(
used to look up the tt(format) style for warnings
)
kindex(widgets, completion tag)
item(tt(widgets))(
for zsh widget names
)
kindex(windows, completion tag)
item(tt(windows))(
for IDs of X windows
)
kindex(zsh-options, completion tag)
item(tt(zsh-options))(
for shell options
)
enditem()

subsect(Standard Styles)
cindex(completion system, styles)

Here are the names of the styles used by the completion system. Note
that the values of several of these styles represent boolean
values. In all these cases any of the strings `tt(true)', `tt(on)',
`tt(yes)', and `tt(1)' can be used for the truth value `true' and
the strings `tt(false)', `tt(off)', `tt(no)', and `tt(0)' are
interpreted as `false'.  The behavior for any other value is undefined 
unless the description for the particular style mentions other
possible values.

startitem()
kindex(accept-exact, completion style)
item(tt(accept-exact))(
This is tested for the default tag and the tags used when generating
matches. If it is set to `true' for at least one match which is the
same as the string on the line, this match will immediately be
accepted.
)
kindex(add-space, completion style)
item(tt(add-space))(
This style is used by the tt(_prefix) completer to decide if a space
should be inserted before the suffix.
)
kindex(ambiguous, completion style)
item(tt(ambiguous))(
This is used with the tt(paths) tag by the function
generating filenames as matches to find out if the cursor should be left
after the first ambiguous pathname component even when menucompletion
is used.
)
kindex(assign-list, completion style)
item(tt(assign-list))(
When completing after an equal sign, the completion system normally
completes only one filename.  But when completing the value for some
parameters or after other strings separated by an equal sign from a
value, a colon-separated list of filenames is needed. This style
can be set to a list of patterns matching the names of parameters for
which such a colon-separated list of filenames should be completed.

The default is to complete lists when the word on the line already
contains a colon.
)
kindex(auto-description, completion style)
item(tt(auto-description))(
If set, this style's value will be used as the description for options which
are not described by the completion functions, but that have exactly
one argument. The sequence `tt(%d)' in the value will be replaced by
the description for this argument. Depending on personal preferences,
it may be useful to set this style to something like `tt(specify: %d)'. 
Note that this may not work for some commands.
)
kindex(break-keys, completion style)
item(tt(break-keys))(
This style is used by the tt(incremental-complete-word) widget (found
in the tt(Functions/Zle) directory of the distribution). Its value
should be a pattern and all keys matching this pattern will cause the
widget to stop incremental completion without the key having any
further effect.
)
kindex(command, completion style)
item(tt(command))(
This style can be used to override the defaults in several completion
functions for how commands are called to generate information about
possible matches. The strings in the value are joined with spaces
between them to build the command line to execute. If the value starts 
with a hyphen the string built will be prepended to the default
supplied by the completion function. This allows one to easily stick a 
tt(builtin) or tt(command) in front of the default in case one has,
for example, a shell function with the same name as the command
called, but for completion purposes one needs to ensure that the real
command is called.

For example, the function generating process IDs as matches uses this
style with the tt(processes) tag to generate the IDs to complete and iwhen
the tt(verbose) style is `true', it uses this style with the
tt(processes-list) tag to generate the strings to display. When using
different values for these two tags one should ensure that the process
IDs appear in the same order in both lists.
)
kindex(completer, completion style)
item(tt(completer))(
The strings given as the value of this style give the names of the
completer functions to use. The available completer functions are
described in
ifzman(the section `Control Functions' below)\
ifnzman(noderef(Control Functions))\
.

Each string may be the name of a completer function or a string of the 
form `var(function)tt(:)var(name)'. In the first case the
var(completer) field of the context will contain the name of the
completer without the leading underscore and with all other
underscores replaced with hyphens. In the second case the
var(function) is the name of the completer to call, but the context
will contain the var(name) in the var(completer) field of the
context. If the var(name) starts with a hyphen, the string for the
context will be build from the name of the completer function as in
the first case with the var(name) will be appended to it. For example: 

example(zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _complete:-foo)

Here, completion will call the tt(_complete) completer twice, once
using `tt(complete)' and once using `tt(complete-foo)' in the
var(completer) field of the context. Normally, using the same
completer more than once makes only sense when used with the
`var(functions)tt(:)var(name)' form, because otherwise the context
name will be the same in all calls to the completer (possible
exception to this rule are the tt(_ignored) and tt(_prefix)
completers).

Note that the widget functions from the distribution that call the
completion code (namely, the tt(incremental-complete-word) and the
tt(predict-on) widgets) set up their top-level context name before
calling completion. This allows one to define different sets of
completer functions for normal completion and for these widgets. For
example, to use completion, approximation and correction for normal
completion, completion and correction for incremental completion and
only completion for prediction one could use:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _correct _approximate
zstyle ':completion:incremental:*' completer _complete _correct
zstyle ':completion:predict:*' completer _complete)

The default value for this style is tt(_complete _ignored),
i.e. normally only completion will be done, first using the
tt(ignored-patterns) style and the tt($fignore) array and then without 
ignoring matches because of these.
)
kindex(completions, completion style)
item(tt(completions))(
This style is used by the tt(_expand) completer function.

If this is set to an non-empty string it should be an expression
usable inside a `tt($((...)))' arithmetical expression. The completer
function evaluates this expression and if the result is `tt(1)', no
expansions will be generated, but instead the completions will be
generated as normal and all of them will be inserted into the command
line.
)
kindex(condition, completion style)
item(tt(condition))(
This style is used by the tt(_list) completer function.

If it is not set or set to the empty string, the insertion of
matches will be delayed unconditionally. If it is set, the value
should be an expression usable inside a `tt($((...)))'
arithmetical expression. In this case, delaying will be done if the
expression evaluates to `tt(1)'. For example, with

example(zstyle ':completion:*:list:::' condition 'NUMERIC != 1')

delaying will be done only if given an explicit numeric argument
other than `tt(1)'.
)
kindex(cursor, completion style)
item(tt(cursor))(
The tt(predict-on) widget uses this style to decide where to place the 
cursor after completion has been tried.  Values are:

startitem()
item(tt(complete))(
The cursor is left at the place where completion left it, but only if
it is after a character equal to the one just inserted by the user. If 
it is after another character, this value is the same as `tt(key)'.
)
item(tt(key))(
The cursor is left
after the var(n)th occurrence of the character just inserted, where
var(n) is the number of times that character appeared in the word
before completion was attempted. In short, this has the effect of
leaving the cursor after the character just typed even if the
completion code found out that no other characters need to be inserted 
at that position.
)
enditem()

Any other value for this style unconditionally leaves the cursor at the
position where the completion code left it.
)
kindex(disable-stat, completion style)
item(tt(disable-stat))(
This is used with the an empty tag by the function completing for the
tt(cvs) command to decide if the tt(zsh/stat) module should be used to
generate only names of modified files in the appropriate places.
)
kindex(domains, completion style)
item(tt(domains))(
If set, gives the names of network domains that should be
completed. If this is not set by the user domain names mentioned in
tt(/etc/resolv.conf) will be used.
)
kindex(expand, completion style)
item(tt(expand))(
This style is used when completing strings consisting of multiple
parts, such as path names. If its
value contains the string `tt(prefix)', the partially typed word from
the line will be expanded as far as possible even if trailing parts
can not be completed. If it contains the string `tt(suffix)'
and normal (non-menu-) completion is used, matching names for
components after the first ambiguous one will be added, too. This
means that the resulting string is the longest unambiguous string
possible, but if menucompletion is started on the list of matches
generated this way (e.g. due to the option tt(AUTO_MENU) being set),
this will also cycle through the names of the files in pathname
components after the first ambiguous one.
)
kindex(file-patterns, completion style)
item(tt(file-patterns))(
In most places where filenames are completed, the function tt(_files)
is used which can be configured with this style. If the style is
unset, tt(_files) offers, one after another, up to three tags:
`tt(globbed-files)',
`tt(directories)' and `tt(all-files)', depending on the types of files
expected by the caller of tt(_files).

If the tt(file-patterns) style is set, the default tags are not
used. Instead, the value of the style says which tags and which
patterns are to be offered. The strings in the value contain
specifications of the form
`var(pattern)tt(:)var(tag)'; each string may contain any number of
such specifications. The var(pattern) gives a glob 
pattern that is to be used to generate
filenames. If it contains the sequence `tt(%p)', that is replaced by
the pattern(s) given by the calling function.
Colons in the pattern have to be preceded by a backslash to
make them distinguishable from the colon before the var(tag). If more
than one pattern is needed, the patterns can be given inside braces,
separated by commas. The
var(tag)s of all strings in the value will be offered by tt(_files)
(again, one after another) and used when looking up other styles. For
strings containing more than one specification, the filenames for all
specifications will be generated at the same try. If
no `tt(:)var(tag)' is given the `tt(files)' tag will be used. The
var(tag) may also be
followed by an optional second colon and a description. If that is
given, this description will be used for the `tt(%d)' in the value of
the tt(format) style (if that is set) instead of the default
description supplied by the completion function. If the description
given here contains itself a `tt(%d)', that is replaced with the
description supplied by the completion function.

For example, to make the tt(rm) command first complete only names of
object files and the names of all files if no object file matches
the string on the line, one would do:

example(zstyle ':completion:*:*:rm:*' file-patterns \ 
    '*.o:object-files' '%p:all-files')

Another interesting example is to change the default behaviour that
makes completion first offer files matching the patterns given by the
calling function, then the directories and then all files. Many people 
prefer to get both the files matching the given patterns and the
directories in the first try and all files as the second try. To
achieve this, one could do:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' file-patterns \ 
    '%p:globbed-files *(-/):directories' '*:all-files')

Note also that during the execution of completion functions, the
tt(EXTENDED_GLOB) option is in effect, so the characters `tt(#)',
`tt(~)' and `tt(^)' have special meanings in the patterns.
)
kindex(file-sort, completion style)
item(tt(file-sort))(
The completion function that generates filenames as possible matches
uses this style with the tt(files) tag to determine in which order the 
names should be listed and completed when using menucompletion. The
value may be one of `tt(size)' to sort them by the size of the file,
tt(links) to sort them by the number of links to the file,
`tt(modification)' (or `tt(time)' or `tt(date)') to sort them by the last
modification time, `tt(access)' to sort them by the last access time, or
`tt(inode)' (or `tt(change)') to sort them by the last inode change
time. Any other value (or not setting this style at all) makes them be 
sorted alphabetically by name. If the value contains the string
`tt(reverse)', sorting is done in decreasing order.
)
kindex(format, completion style)
item(tt(format))(
If this is set for the tt(descriptions) tag, its value is used as a
string to display above matches in completion lists. The sequence
`tt(%d)' in this string will be replaced with a short description of
what these matches are. This string may also contain the sequences to
specify output attributes, such as `tt(%b)' and `tt(%s)'.

For the same purpose, this style is also tested with the tags used
when matches are generated before it is tested for the
tt(descriptions) tag. This gives the possibility to define different
format strings for different types of matches.

Note also that some completer functions define additional
`tt(%)'-sequences. These are described for the completer functions that 
make use of them.

For the tt(messages) tag, this defines a string used by some
completion functions to display messages. Here, the `tt(%d)' is
replaced with the message given by the completion function.

Finally, for the tt(warnings) tag, it is printed when no matches could 
be generated at all. In this case the `tt(%d)' is replaced with the
descriptions for the matches that were expected. If the value does not 
contain a `tt(%d)', then those descriptions are added in the same way
as matches are added, i.e. they appear below the value for the
tt(format) style laid out in columns. The descriptions are added as if 
for the tag tt(warnings) so that you can use the tt(list-colors) style 
for that tag to highlight them.

Here and in all other cases where the completion system uses `tt(%)'
sequences, the `tt(%)' may be followed by field width specifications as 
described for the tt(zformat) builtin command from the tt(zutil)
module, see
ifzman(zmanref(zshmodules))\
ifnzman(noderef(The zsh/zutil Module))\
.
)
kindex(glob, completion style)
item(tt(glob))(
Like tt(completions), this is used by the tt(_expand) completer.

The value is used like the one for tt(completions) and if it evaluates to 
`tt(1)', globbing will be attempted on the words resulting from
substitution (see the tt(substitute) style) or the original string
from the line.
)
kindex(group-name, completion style)
item(tt(group-name))(
The completion system can put different types of matches in different
groups which are then displayed separately in the list of possible
completions. This style can be use to give the names for these groups
for particular tags. For example, in command position the completion
system generates names of builtin and external commands, names of
aliases and shell functions and reserved words as possible
completions. To have the external commands and shell functions listed
separately, one can set:

example(zstyle ':completion:*:*:-command-:*:commands' group-name commands
zstyle ':completion:*:*:-command-:*:functions' group-name functions)

This also means that if the same name is used for different types of
matches, then those matches will be displayed together in the same
group.

If the name given is the empty string, then the name of the tag for
the matches will be used as the name of the group. So, to have all
different types of matches displayed separately, one can just set:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' group-name '')

All matches for which no group name is defined will be put in a group
named tt(-default-).
)
kindex(group-order, completion style)
item(tt(group-order))(
This style is to be used together with the tt(group-name) style. Once
different types of matches are put into different groups, this style
can be used to define in which order these groups should appear in the 
list. The strings in the value are taken as group names and the named
groups will be shown in the order in which their names appear in the
value. All groups whose names are not given in the value of this style 
will appear in the order defined by the function generating the
matches.

For example, to have names of builtin commands, shell functions and
external commands appear in this order when completing in command
position one would set:

example(zstyle ':completion:*:*:-command-:*' group-order \ 
       builtins functions commands)
)
kindex(groups, completion style)
item(tt(groups))(
A style holding the names of the groups that should be completed. If
this is not set by the user, the group names from the YP database or
the file `tt(/etc/group)' will be used.
)
kindex(hidden, completion style)
item(tt(hidden))(
If this is set to one of the `true' values, the matches for the tags
for which this is set will not appear in the list; only the
description for the matches as set with the tt(format) style will be
shown. If this is set to `tt(all)', not even the description will be
displayed.

Note that the matches will still be completed, they are just not shown 
in the list. To avoid having matches considered as possible
completions at all the tt(tag-order) style can be modified as described
below.
)
kindex(hosts, completion style)
item(tt(hosts))(
A style holding the names of hosts that should be completed. If this
is not set by the user the hostnames in `tt(/etc/hosts)' will be used.
)
kindex(hosts-ports, completion style)
item(tt(hosts-ports))(
This style is used by commands that need or accept hostnames and
ports. The strings in the value should be of the form
`var(host)tt(:)var(port)'. These hostnames and ports are completed
depending on the information already on the line, so that if, for
example, the hostname is already typed, only those ports will be
completed for which pairs with the hostname from the line exist.
)
kindex(ignore-parents, completion style)
item(tt(ignore-parents))(
The style is tested for the tt(files) tag to determine whether to ignore
the names of directories already mentioned in the current word, or the
name of the current working directory.  The value must include one or both
of the following strings:

startitem()
item(tt(parent))(
The name of any directory whose path is already contained in the word on
the line is ignored.  For example, when completing after tt(foo/../), the
directory tt(foo) will not be considered a valid completion.
)
item(tt(pwd))(
The name of the current working directory will not be completed, so that,
for example, completion after tt(../) will not use the name of the current
directory.
)
enditem()

In addition, the value may include one or both of:

startitem()
item(tt(..))(
Ignore the specified directories only when the word on the line contains
the substring `tt(../)'.
)
item(tt(directory))(
Ignore only when names of directories are completed, not when completing
names of files.
)
enditem()

Note that names of directories ignored because of one of the tests
will be ignored in the same way as the matches ignored because of the
tt(ignored-patterns) style.  I.e., by using the tt(_ignored) completer
it is possible to complete these directories nonetheless.
)
kindex(ignored-patterns, completion style)
item(tt(ignored-patterns))(
This style is used with the tags for adding matches and defines a couple
of patterns. All matches that are also matched by any of these patterns
are ignored (not offered as completions) until the tt(_ignored) completer
is tried (see the tt(completer) style).  This is a more configurable
version of the shell parameter tt($fignore).

Note that during the execution of completion functions, the
tt(EXTENDED_GLOB) option is in effect, so the characters `tt(#)',
`tt(~)' and `tt(^)' have special meanings in the patterns.
)
kindex(insert-unambiguous, completion style)
item(tt(insert-unambiguous))(
This is used by the tt(_match) and tt(_approximate) completer
functions. If it is set to `true', the completer will start menu
completion only if no unambiguous string could be generated that is at
least as long as the original string from the line. Note that the
tt(_approximate) completer uses it after setting the completer field
in the context name to one of tt(correct-)var(num) or
tt(approximate-)var(num), where var(num) is the number of errors that
were accepted.
)
kindex(last-prompt, completion style)
item(tt(last-prompt))(
This is used to determine if the completion code should try to put the
cursor back onto the previous command line after showing a completion
listing (as for the tt(ALWAYS_LAST_PROMPT) option). Like several other 
styles it is tested for the tt(default) tag and all tags used when
generating matches. The cursor will be moved back to the previous line 
if this style is `true' for all types of matches added. Note also that 
this is independent of the numeric argument -- unlike the
tt(ALWAYS_LAST_PROMPT) option.
)
kindex(list, completion style)
item(tt(list))(
This is used by the tt(_history_complete_word) bindable command
(context `tt(:completion:history-words)') and by the
tt(incremental-complete-word) widget (context `tt(:completion:incremental)).

The tt(_history_complete_word) bindable command uses this style to
decide if the available matches should be shown.

When using the tt(incremental-complete-word) widget, this style says
if the matches should be listed on every key press (if they fit on the 
screen).

The tt(predict-on) widget uses this style to decide if the completion
should be shown even if there is only one possible completion. This is 
done if the value of this style is the string tt(always).
)
kindex(list-colors, completion style)
item(tt(list-colors))(
If the tt(zsh/complist) module is used, this style can be used to set
color specifications as with the tt(ZLS_COLORS) and tt(ZLS_COLOURS)
parameters (see
ifzman(the section `The zsh/complist Module' in zmanref(zshmodules))\
ifnzman(noderef(The zsh/complist Module))\
).

If this style is set for the tt(default) tag, the strings in the value 
are taken as specifications that are to be used everywhere. If it is
set for other tags, the specifications are used only for matches of
the type described by the tag. For this to work, the tt(group-name)
style has to be set to an empty string. If the tt(group-name) tag
specifies other names for the groups the matches in these groups can
be colored by using these names together with the `tt((group)...)'
syntax described for the tt(ZLS_COLORS) and tt(ZLS_COLOURS) parameters 
and adding the specifications to the value for this style with the
tt(default) tag.

To be able to share the same specifications one has set up for the GNU
version of the tt(ls) command one can use:

example(zstyle ':completion:*:default' list-colors ${(s.:.)LS_COLORS})

And to get the default colors (which are the same as for the GNU
tt(ls) command) one should set the style to an empty value.
)
kindex(list-packed, completion style)
item(tt(list-packed))(
Like the tt(list-colors) style, this is tested with the tt(default)
tag and all tags used when generating matches. If it is set to `true'
for a tag, the matches added for it will be listed as if the
tt(LIST_PACKED) option were set for them. If it is set to `false',
they are listed normally.
)
kindex(list-prompt, completion style)
item(tt(list-prompt))(
If this style is set to a non-empty value for the tt(default) tag,
completion lists that don't fit on the screen can be scrolled (see
ifzman(the description of the tt(zsh/complist) module in zmanref(zshmodules))\
ifnzman(noderef(The zsh/complist Module))\
). The value will be displayed after every screenful, prompting for a
key press. It may contain the escape `tt(%l)' or `tt(%L)' which will be
replaced by the number of the last line displayed and the total number
of lines. A `tt(%m)' or `tt(%M)' will be replaced by the number of the 
last match shown and the total number of matches and `tt(%p)' and
`tt(%P)' will be replaced by `tt(Top)' when at the beginning of the
list, `tt(Bottom)' when at the end and the position shown in percent
of the total length. In each of these cases the form with the
uppercase letter is replaced by a string of fixed width, padded to the 
right with spaces. As
usual, the `tt(%S)', `tt(%s)', `tt(%B)', `tt(%b)', `tt(%U)', `tt(%u)',
and `tt(%{)...tt(%})' escapes for the terminal display modes are
understood, too.

Note that this style has a default value. If you don't want to use
scrolling, set this style to an empty string.
)
kindex(list-rows-first, completion style)
item(tt(list-rows-first))(
This style is tested like the tt(list-packed) style and determines if
matches are to be listed in a rows-first fashion, as for the
tt(LIST_ROWS_FIRST) option.
)
kindex(local, completion style)
item(tt(local))(
This style is used by completion functions which generate URLs as
possible matches to add suitable matches when a URL points to a
local web server. Its value should consist of three strings: a
hostname, the path to the default web pages for the server and the
directory name used by a user placing web pages within their home
area.
)
kindex(match-original, completion style)
item(tt(match-original))(
This is used by the tt(_match) completer.  If it is set to
tt(only), tt(_match) will try to generate matches without inserting a
`tt(*)' at the cursor position.  If set to any other non-empty value,
it will first try to generate matches without inserting the `tt(*)'
and if that yields no matches, it will try again with the `tt(*)'
inserted.
)
kindex(matcher, completion style)
item(tt(matcher))(
This style is tested for tags used when generating matches. Its value
is used as an additional match specification to use when adding the
matches as described in
ifzman(the section `Matching Control' in zmanref(zshcompwid))\
ifnzman(noderef(Matching Control))\
.
)
kindex(matcher-list, completion style)
item(tt(matcher-list))(
This style is used by the main completion function to retrieve match
specifications that are to be used everywhere. Its value should be a
list of such specifications. The completion system will try them one
after another for each completer selected. For example, to first try
simple completion and, if that generates no matches, case-insensitive
completion one would do:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' matcher-list '' 'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z}')

But the style allows even finer control: the style is looked up for
every completer tried with the name of the completer (without the
leading underscore) in the context name. For example, if one uses the
completers tt(_complete) and tt(_prefix) and wants to try
case-insensitive completion only when using the tt(_complete)
completer, one would do:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _prefix
zstyle ':completion:*:complete:*' matcher-list '' 'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z}')

Note that the tt(completer) style allows to give user-defined names to 
use in the context instead of the name of the completer.
This is useful if, for example, one wants to try
normal completion without a match specification and with
case-insensitive matching first, correction if that doesn't generate
any matches and partial-word completion if that doesn't yield any
matches either. In such a case one can give the tt(_complete)
completer more than once in the tt(completer) style and define different
match specifications for them, as in:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _correct _complete:foo
zstyle ':completion:*:complete:*' matcher-list \ 
    '' 'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z}'
zstyle ':completion:*:foo:*' matcher-list \ 
    'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z} r:|[-_./]=* r:|=*')

Note that in any case an unset style makes the completion code use no
global match specification. Also, some completers (like tt(_correct)
and tt(_approximate)) do not use the match specifications. But even if 
such completers are used one can use the simple form to set this style 
(as in the first example above) because such completers will make sure 
that they are executed only once even if multiple match specifications 
have been given.
)
kindex(max-errors, completion style)
item(tt(max-errors))(
This is used by the tt(_approximate) and tt(_correct) completer functions
to determine the maximum number of errors to accept. The completer will try
to generate completions by first allowing one error, then two errors, and
so on, until either a match was found or the maximum number of errors
given by this style has been reached.

If the value for this style contains the string `tt(numeric)', the 
completer function will take any numeric argument as the
maximum number of errors allowed. For example, with

example(zstyle ':completion:*:approximate:::' max-errors 2 numeric)

two errors will be allowed if no numeric argument is given. However,
with a numeric argument of six (as in `tt(ESC-6 TAB)'), up to six
errors are accepted.  Hence with a value of `tt(0 numeric)', no correcting
completion will be attempted unless a numeric argument is given.

If the value contains the string `tt(not-numeric)', the completer
will em(not) try to generate corrected
completions when given a numeric argument, so in this case the number given
should be greater than zero.  For example, `tt(2 not-numeric)' specifies that
correcting completion with two errors will usually be performed, but if a
numeric argument is given, correcting completion will not be
performed.

The default value for this style is `tt(2 numeric)'.
)
kindex(menu, completion style)
item(tt(menu))(
This style is tested for the tt(default) tag and the tags used when
adding matches. The value should be one of the `true' values (tt(yes), 
tt(true), tt(1), or tt(on)) if menu completion should be started when
matches for the given tag (or always in case of the tt(default) tag)
are generated. If none of these values is defined for any of the tags
used, but for at least one of these tags the value is the string
`tt(auto)', this says that the same behavior as for the tt(AUTO_MENU)
option should be used. Finally, if menucompletion is started by some 
other means (e.g. by setting the tt(MENU_COMPLETE) option) and the
value for one of the tags used is `false' (i.e. tt(no), tt(false),
tt(0), or tt(off)), then menucompletion will em(not) be started for
this completion. Note that the values defined for normal tags
override the value set for the tt(default) tag.

Either instead of or in addition to one of the values above, the value
for this style may also contain the string `tt(select)', optionally
followed by an equal sign and a number. In this case menu-selection
(as defined by the tt(zsh/computil) module) will be started. Without the
optional number, it will be started unconditionally and with a number
it will be started only if at least that many matches are generated
(if the values for more than one tag define such a number, the
smallest one is taken). Starting menuselection can explicitly be
turned off by defining a value containing the string
`tt(no-select)'.
)
kindex(numbers, completion style)
item(tt(numbers))(
This is used with the tt(jobs) tag. If it is `true', the completions
will use the job numbers instead of the shortest unambiguous strings
of the jobs' command lines. If the value is a number, job numbers will 
only be used if for at least one of the jobs that many (or more) words 
from the command line string have to be used to make the strings
unambiguous. E.g. if it is set to `tt(1)', strings will only be used
if all jobs differ in the first word on their command lines.
)
kindex(old-list, completion style)
item(tt(old-list))(
This is used by the tt(_oldlist) completer.  If this is set to `tt(always)',
then standard widgets which perform listing will retain the current list of
matches, however they were generated.  If it is set to `tt(never)', this is
not done (the behaviour without the tt(_oldlist) completer).  If it is
unset, or any other value, then the existing list of completions is
displayed if it is not already; otherwise, the standard completion
list is generated (this is the default behaviour of
tt(_oldlist)).  However, if there is an old list and this style contains
the name of the completer function that generated the list, then the
old list will be used even if it was generated by a widget which does
not do listing.

For example, suppose you type tt(^Xc) to use the tt(_correct_word)
widget, which generates a list of corrections for the word under the
cursor.  Usually, typing tt(^D) would generate a standard list of
completions for the word on the command line, and show that.  With
tt(_oldlist), it will instead show the list of corrections already
generated.

As another example consider the tt(_match) completer: with the
tt(insert-unambiguous) style set to `true' it inserts only an
unambiguous prefix string if there is any. But since this may remove
parts of the original pattern, attempting completion again may result
in more matches than on the first attempt. But by using the
tt(_oldlist) completer and setting this style to tt(_match), the list of 
matches generated on the first attempt will be used again.
)
kindex(old-menu, completion style)
item(tt(old-menu))(
This is used by the tt(_oldlist) completer. Here it controls how menu
completion behaves when a completion has already been inserted and the
user types a standard completion key type such as tt(TAB). The default
behaviour of tt(_oldlist) is that menu completion always continues
with the existing list of completions.  If this style is set to
`false', however, a new completion is started if the old list was
generated by a different completion command (the behaviour without the 
tt(_oldlist) completer).

For example, suppose you type tt(^Xc) to generate a list of corrections,
and menu completion is started in one of the usual ways.  Usually, typing
tt(TAB) at this point would start trying to complete the line as it now
appears.  With tt(_oldlist), it instead continues to cycle through the
list of completions.
)
kindex(original, completion style)
item(tt(original))(
This is used by the tt(_approximate) and tt(_correct)
completers to decide if the original string should be added as
one possible completion. Normally, this is done only if there are
at least two possible corrections, but if this style is set to `true', it
is always added. Note that these completers use this style after
setting the completer field in the context name to
tt(correct-)var(num) or tt(approximate-)var(num), where var(num) is
the number of errors that were accepted.
)
kindex(packageset, completion style)
item(tt(packageset))(
This style is used when completing arguments of the Debian `tt(dpkg)'
program.  It contains an override for the default package set
for a given context.  For example,

example(zstyle ':completion:*:complete:dpkg:--status-1:' packageset avail)

causes available packages, rather than only installed packages,
to be completed for `dpkg --status'.
)
kindex(path, completion style)
item(tt(path))(
This is used together with the the tt(urls) tag by completion
functions that generate URLs as possible matches. It should be set to
the path of a directory containing sub-directories named like
`tt(http)', `tt(ftp)', `tt(bookmark)', and so on. These
sub-directories should contain files and other sub-directories whose
pathnames are possible completions after the initial `tt(http://)',
`tt(ftp://)', etc. See the description in the file tt(_urls) in the
tt(User) sub-directory of the completion system for more information.

Also, the function that completes color names uses this style with the 
tt(colors) tag. Here, the value should be the pathname of a file
containing color names in the format of an X11 tt(rgb.txt) file. That
file (if it can be found) will be used as the default if the style is
not set.
)
kindex(ports, completion style)
item(tt(ports))(
A style holding the service names of ports to complete. If this is
not set by the user, the service names from `tt(/etc/services)' will
be used.
)
kindex(prefix-hidden, completion style)
item(tt(prefix-hidden))(
This is used when matches with a common prefix are added (e.g. option
names). If it is `true', this prefix will not be shown in the list of
matches.

The default value for this style is `false'.
)
kindex(prefix-needed, completion style)
item(tt(prefix-needed))(
This, too, is used for matches with a common prefix. If it is set to
`true' this common prefix has to be typed by the user to generate the
matches. E.g. for options this means that the `tt(-)', `tt(+)', or
`tt(-)tt(-)' has to be on the line to make option names be completed at
all.

The default style for this style is `true'.
)
kindex(prompt, completion style)
item(tt(prompt))(
The tt(incremental-complete-word) widget shows the value of this
style in the status line during incremental completion.  The string
value may contain any of the following substrings in the manner of
the tt(PS1) and other prompt parameters:

startitem()
item(tt(%c))(
Replaced by the name of the completer function that generated the
matches (without the leading underscore).
)
item(tt(%l))(
When the tt(list) style is set,
replaced by `tt(...)' if the list of matches is too long to fit on the
screen and with an empty string otherwise.  If the tt(list) style is
`false' or not set, `tt(%l)' is always removed.
)
item(tt(%n))(
Replaced by the number of matches generated.
)
item(tt(%s))(
Replaced with `tt(-no match-)', `tt(-no prefix-)', or an empty string
if there is no completion matching the word on the line, if the
matches have no common prefix different from the word on the line, or
if there is such a common prefix, respectively.
)
item(tt(%u))(
Replaced by the unambiguous part of all matches, if there
is any, and if it is different from the word on the line.
)
enditem()
)
kindex(remove-all-dups, completion style)
item(tt(remove-all-dups))(
The tt(_history_complete_word) bindable command uses this to decide if 
all duplicate matches should be removed, rather than just consecutive
duplicates.
)
kindex(select-prompt, completion style)
item(tt(select-prompt))(
If this is set to a non-empty string for the tt(default) tag, its
value will be displayed during menu-selection (see the tt(menu) style
above) when the completion list does not fit on the screen as a
whole. The same escapes as for the tt(list-prompt) style are
understood, but give the number of the match or line the mark is on.
)
kindex(select-scroll, completion style)
item(tt(select-scroll))(
This style is tested for the tt(default) tag and determines how a
completion list is scrolled during a menu-selection (see the tt(menu)
style above) when the completion list does not fit on the screen as a
whole. Its value should be `tt(0)' (zero) to scroll by
half-screenfuls, a positive integer to scroll by that many lines and a
negative number to scroll by the number of lines of the screen minus
that number (or plus the number, since it is negative).
)
kindex(single-ignored, completion style)
item(tt(single-ignored))(
This is used by the tt(_ignored) completer. It specifies what
should be done if it can generate only one match, which is often a
special case. If its value is `tt(show)', the single match will only be shown, 
not inserted. If the value is `tt(menu)', then the single match and the
original string are both added as matches and menucompletion is
started so that one can easily select either of them.
)
kindex(sort, completion style)
item(tt(sort))(
If set to `true', completion functions that generate words from the
history as possible matches sort these words alphabetically instead of
keeping them in the order in which they appear in the history (from
youngest to oldest).

This is also used by the tt(_expand) completer. Here, if it is set to
`true', the expansions generated will always be sorted. If it is set
to `tt(menu)', then the expansions are only sorted when they are offered 
as single strings (not in the string containing all possible
expansions).
)
kindex(special-dirs, completion style)
item(tt(special-dirs))(
Normally, the completion code will not produce the directory names
`tt(.)' and `tt(..)' as possible completions. If this style is set to
`true', it will add both `tt(.)' and `tt(..)' as possible completions,
if it is set to `tt(..)', only `tt(..)' will be added.
)
kindex(squeeze-slashes, completion style)
item(tt(squeeze-slashes))(
If set to `true', sequences of slashes (like in `tt(foo//bar)') will be
treated as if they were only one slash when completing pathnames.
)
kindex(stop, completion style)
item(tt(stop))(
If set to `true', the tt(_history_complete_word) bindable
command will always insert matches as if menucompletion were started
and it will stop when the last match is inserted. If this style is set
to `tt(verbose)' a message will be displayed when the last match is
reached.
)
kindex(stop-keys, completion style)
item(tt(stop-keys))(
This style is used by the tt(incremental-complete-word)
widget. Its value is used like the one for the tt(break-keys)
style. But all keys matching the pattern given as its value will stop
incremental completion and will then execute their usual function.
)
kindex(subst-globs-only, completion style)
item(tt(subst-globs-only))(
This is used by the tt(_expand) completer. As for the tt(glob) style,
the value should be a value usable in a `tt($((...)))' arithmetical
expression. If it evaluates to `tt(1)', the expansion will only be
used if they resulted from globbing. If only the expansions described
for the tt(substitute) style described below resulted in expanded
strings and globbing did not change the set of expanded strings, the
tt(_expand) completer will do nothing.
)
kindex(substitute, completion style)
item(tt(substitute))(
If this is unset or set to the empty string, the tt(_expand) completer
will first try to expand all substitutions in the string (such as
`tt($LPAR()...RPAR())' and `tt(${...})'). If this is set to an
non-empty string it should be an expression usable inside a `tt($((...)))'
arithmetical expression. In this case, expansion of substitutions will
be done if the expression evaluates to `tt(1)'. For example, with

example(zstyle ':completion:*:expand:::' substitute '${NUMERIC:-1} != 1')

substitution will be performed only if given an explicit numeric
argument other than `tt(1)', as by typing `tt(ESC 2 TAB)'.
)
kindex(tag-order, completion style)
item(tt(tag-order))(
This provides a mechanism for sorting how the tags available in a
particular context will be used.

The values for the style are sets of space-separated lists of tags.
The tags in each value will be tried at the same time; if no match is
found, the next value is used.  (See the tt(file-patterns) style for
an exception to this behavior.)

For example:

example(zstyle ':completion:*:complete:gunzip:*' tag-order \ 
    arguments options)

specifies that completion after tt(gunzip) should offer completions for
both arguments and options immediately, instead of offering first
arguments and then option as usual.

In addition to tag names, each string in the value may take one of the
following forms:

startitem()
item(tt(-))(
If any string in the value consists of only a hyphen,
then em(only) the tags specified by the other strings in the value are
generated.  Normally all tags not explicitly selected are tried last
if the specified tags fail to generate any matches.  This means 
that a value of only one hyphen turns off completion in a particular
context.
)
item(tt(!) var(tags)...)(
A string starting with an exclamation mark
specifies names of tags that are em(not) to be used.  The effect is
the same as if all other possible tags for the context had been
listed.
)
item(var(tag)tt(:)var(label) ...)(
In strings not starting with an exclamation mark, it is also possible
to specify tag labels instead of only tags, where var(tag) is one of
the tags offered
by the completion function for the current context and var(label) is a 
name. For this, the completion function will generate matches in the
same way as for the var(tag) but it will use the var(label) in place
of the tag in the context names used to look up styles. If the
var(label) starts with a hyphen, the var(tag) is prepended to the
var(label) to form the name used for lookup. This can be
used to make the completion system try a certain tag more than once,
supplying different style settings for each attempt. For example,

example(zstyle ':completion:*:*:-command-:*' \ 
    tag-order 'functions:-non-comp'
zstyle ':completion:*:functions-non-comp' \ 
    ignored-patterns '_*')

Makes completion in command position first try only names of shell
functions that don't match the pattern `tt(_*)'. If that generates no
matches, the default of trying all the other things that can be
completed in command position is used, including the names of all
shell functions.

The var(label) may optionally be followed by a second colon and a
description. This description will then be used for the `tt(%d)' in
the value of the tt(format) style instead of the default description
supplied by the completion function. Spaces in the description have to 
be quoted by preceding them with a backslash and a `tt(%d)' appearing
in the description is replaced with the description given by the
completion function.
)
item(var(func)tt(LPAR()RPAR()))(
The function var(func) is called, which can then define the order
in which tags are to be used based on additional context
information. See the tt(_sort_tags) function below for a description
of how such functions can be implemented. The return value of the
function is used to decide if the following values for the style
should be used. If it is zero, they are used and if it is non-zero,
they are not used. For example:

example(non-empty() { [[ -n $PREFIX ]] }
zstyle ':completion:*:*:-command-:*' tag-order 'non-empty()')

Makes completion in command position happen only if the string on the
line is not empty (this is tested using the tt(PREFIX)
parameter which is special in completion widgets, see
ifzman(zshcompwid)\
ifnzman(the section noderef(Completion System))
for a description of these special parameters).
)
enditem()

In each of the cases above, the tag may also be a pattern or more than 
one pattern inside braces and separated by commas. In this
case all of the offered tags matching the pattern(s) will be used except 
for those that are given explicitly in the same string. There are
probably two main uses of this. One is the case where one wants to try
one of the tags more than once, setting other styles differently for
each try, but still wants to use all the other tags without having to
bother to repeat them all. For example, to make completion of function
names in command position first ignore all the completion functions
starting with an underscore, one could do:

example(zstyle ':completion:*:*:-command-:*' tag-order \ 
    'functions:-non-comp *' functions
zstyle ':completion:*:functions-non-comp' ignored-patterns '_*')

Here, the completion system will first try all tags offered, but will
use the tag label tt(functions-non-comp) when looking up styles for
the function names completed. For this, the tt(ignored-patterns) style 
is set to exclude functions starting with an underscore from the set
of possible matches. If none of the generated matches match the string 
on the line, the completion system will use the second value of the
tt(tag-order) style and complete functions names again, but this time
using so name tt(functions) to look up styles, so that the
tt(ignored-patterns) style is not used and all function names
are considered.

Of course, this can also be used to split the matches for one tag into 
different groups. For example:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' tag-order \
    'options:-long:long\ options
     options:-short:short\ options
     options:-single-letter:single\ letter\ options'

zstyle ':completion:*:options-long' ignored-patterns '[-+](|-|[^-]*)'
zstyle ':completion:*:options-short' ignored-patterns '--*' '[-+]?'
zstyle ':completion:*:options-single-letter' ignored-patterns '???*')

With the tt(group-names) style set, this makes options beginning with
`tt(-)tt(-)', options beginning with a single `tt(-)' or `tt(+)' but
containing multiple characters, and single-letter options be displayed
in separate groups with different descriptions.

The second interesting use of patterns is the case where one wants to
try multiple match specifications one after another. The
tt(matcher-list) style offers something similar, but it is tested very
early in the completion system and hence can't be set for single
commands nor for more specific contexts. So, to make completion for
the arguments of the command tt(foo), and only for this command, first
try normal completion with out any match specification and, if that
generates no matches, try again with case-insensitive matching, one
could do:
example(zstyle ':completion:*:*:foo:*' tag-order '*' '*:-case'
zstyle ':completion:*-case' matcher 'm:{a-z}={A-Z}')

This causes the completion system to first try all the tags offered
when completing after tt(foo) and use the tags to do the lookup. If
that generates no matches, the second value of tt(tag-order) is
used. This means all tags are tried again, but this time using the
names of the tags with the tt(-case) appended to them for lookup of
styles. I.e. in this second attempt, the value for the tt(matcher)
style from the second call to tt(zstyle) in the example is used
to make completion case-insensitive.

If no style has been defined for a context, the strings `tt(arguments
values)' and `tt(options)' plus all tags offered by the completion
function will be used to provide a sensible default behavior.
)
kindex(use-compctl, completion style)
item(tt(use-compctl))(
If this style is set to a string em(not) equal to tt(false), tt(0),
tt(no), and tt(off), the completion system may use any completion
specifications defined with the tt(compctl) builtin command. If the
style is unset, this is done only if the tt(zsh/compctl) module
is loaded. The string may also contain the substring `tt(first)' to
make the definition for `tt(compctl -T)' be used, and the substring
`tt(default)' to make the one for `tt(compctl -D)' be used.

Note that this is only intended to smooth the transition from
tt(compctl) to the new completion system and may disappear in the
future.

Note also that the definitions from tt(compctl) will only be used if
there is no special completion function for the command completion is
done upon.
)
kindex(users, completion style)
item(tt(users))(
This may be set to a list of names that should be completed whenever 
a username is needed. If it is not set or the string on the line
doesn't match any of the strings in this list, all usernames will be
completed.
)
kindex(users-hosts, completion style)
item(tt(users-hosts))(
The values of this style should be of the form
`var(user)tt(@)var(host)' or `var(user)tt(:)var(host)'. It is used for
commands that need pairs of
user- and hostnames. For such commands, only the pairs from this style 
are used and if, for example, the username is already typed, then only 
the hostnames for which there is a pair with that username is defined.

If set for the tt(my-accounts) tag, this is used for commands such as
tt(rlogin) and tt(ssh). I.e. the style should contain the names of the 
user's own accounts. With the tt(other-accounts) tag this is used for
commands such as tt(talk) and tt(finger) and should contain other
people's accounts. Finally, this may also be used by some commands with
the tt(accounts) tag.
)
kindex(users-hosts-ports, completion style)
item(tt(users-hosts-ports))(
Like tt(users-hosts) but used for commands like tt(telnet) and
containing strings of the form `var(user)tt(@)var(host)tt(:)var(port)'.
)
kindex(verbose, completion style)
item(tt(verbose))(
This is used in several contexts to decide if only a simple or a
verbose list of matches should be generated. For example some commands 
show descriptions for option names if this style is `true'.

The default value for this style is `true'.
)
kindex(word, completion style)
item(tt(word))(
To find out if listing should be performed on its own, the tt(_list)
completer normally compares the contents of the line with the contents
the line had at the time of the last invocation. If this style is set to
`true', comparison is done using only the current word. In this case,
attempting completion on a word equal to the one when completion was called
the last time will not delay the generation of matches.
)
enditem()

texinode(Control Functions)(Bindable Commands)(Completion System Configuration)(Completion System)
sect(Control Functions)
cindex(completion system, choosing completers)

The initialization script tt(compinit) redefines all the widgets
which perform completion to call the supplied widget function
tt(_main_complete). This function acts as a wrapper calling the
so-called `completer' functions that generate matches. If
tt(_main_complete) is called with arguments, these are taken as the
names of completer functions to be called in the order given.  If no
arguments are given, the set of functions to try is taken from the
tt(completer) style. For example, to use normal completion and
correction if that doesn't generate any matches:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _correct)

after calling tt(compinit). The default value for this style 
is `tt(_complete)', i.e. normally only ordinary
completion is tried. The tt(_main_complete) function uses the return
value of the completer functions to decide if other completers should be
called. If the return value is zero, no other completers are tried and the
tt(_main_complete) function returns.

The following completer functions are contained in the distribution (users
may write their own):

cindex(completion system, completers)
startitem()
findex(_complete)
item(tt(_complete))(
This completer generates all possible completions in a context-sensitive
manner, i.e. using the settings defined with the tt(compdef) function
explained above and the current settings of all special parameters.

To complete arguments of commands, tt(_complete) uses the utility function
tt(_normal), which is in turn responsible for finding the particular
function; it is described below.  Various contexts of the form
tt(-)var(context)tt(-), as mentioned above for the tt(#compdef) tag, are
handled specially.  These are:

startitem()
kindex(-equal-, completion context)
item(tt(-equal-))(
for completion after an equal sign, other than one occurring in a
shell-variable assignment.
)
kindex(-tilde-, completion context)
item(tt(-tilde-))(
for completion after a tilde (`tt(~)') character, but before a slash.
)
kindex(-redirect-, completion context)
item(tt(-redirect-))(
for completion after a redirection operator.
)
kindex(-math-, completion context)
item(tt(-math-))(
for completion inside mathematical contexts, such as
`tt(LPAR()LPAR())...tt(RPAR()RPAR())'.
)
kindex(-subscript-, completion context)
item(tt(-subscript-))(
for completion inside subscripts.
)
kindex(-value-, completion context)
item(tt(-value-))(
for completion on the right hand side of an assignment.
)
kindex(-array-value-, completion context)
item(tt(-array-value-))(
for completion on the right hand side of an array-assignment
(`tt(foo=LPAR()...RPAR())').
)
kindex(-condition-, completion context)
item(tt(-condition-))(
for completion inside conditions (`tt([[...]])').
)
kindex(-parameter-, completion context)
item(tt(-parameter-))(
for completing the name of a parameter expansion (`tt($...)').
)
kindex(-brace-parameter-, completion context)
item(tt(-brace-parameter-))(
for completing the name of a parameter expansion within braces
(`tt(${...})').
)
kindex(-first-, completion context)
item(tt(-first-))(
for adding completions before any other completion functions are
tried; if this
function sets the tt(_compskip) parameter to tt(all), no other
completion functions will be called, if it is set to a string
containing the substring tt(patterns), no pattern completion functions
will be called, and if it is set to a string containing tt(default)
the function for the `tt(-default-)' context will not be called, but
functions defined for commands will.
)
kindex(-default-, completion context)
item(tt(-default-))(
for generating completions when no special completion function is used.
)
kindex(-command-, completion context)
item(tt(-command-))(
for completing in a command position.
)
enditem()

Default implementations are supplied for each of these
contexts, in most cases named after the context itself
(e.g. completion for the `tt(-tilde-)' context is done by the function 
named `tt(_tilde)').

Before trying to find a function for a specific context, tt(_complete) 
checks if the parameter `tt(compcontext)' is set to a non-empty
value. If it is, the value is taken as the name of the context to use
and the function defined for that context will be called.
)
findex(_approximate)
item(tt(_approximate))(
This completer function uses the tt(_complete) completer to generate
a list of strings for the context the cursor is currently in, allowing 
you to specify a maximum number of errors:  see the description of
approximate matching in
ifzman(\
zmanref(zshexpn)
)\
ifnzman(\
noderef(Filename Generation)
)\
for how errors are
counted. The resulting list of corrected and completed strings is then
presented to the user. The intended use of this completer function is to
try after the normal tt(_complete) completer by setting:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _approximate)

This will give correcting completion if and only if
normal completion doesn't yield any possible completions. When
corrected completions are found, the completer will normally start
menucompletion allowing you to cycle through these strings.

This completer uses the tags tt(corrections) and tt(original) when
generating the possible coprrections and the original string. The
tt(format) style for the former may contain the additional sequences
`tt(%e)' and `tt(%o)' which will be replaced by the number of errors
accepted to generate the corrections and the original string,
respectively.

Like all completers tt(_approximate) uses its name without the
undersccore in the var(completer) field of the context name. Once it
has started trying to generate matches, it will append a minus sign
and the number of errors accepted in this attempt to its name. So on the
first try the field contains `tt(approximate-1)', on the
second try `tt(approximate-2)', and so on.
)
findex(_correct)
item(tt(_correct))(
Generate corrections (but not completions) for the current word; this is
similar to spell-checking.  This calls tt(_approximate) but uses a
different var(completer) field in the context name.

For example, with:

example(zstyle ':completion:::::' completer _complete _correct _approximate
zstyle ':completion:*:correct:::' accept 2 not-numeric
zstyle ':completion:*:approximate:::' accept 3 numeric)

correction will accept up to two errors. If a numeric argument is
given, correction will not be performed, but correcting completion
will be, and will accept as many errors as given by the numeric
argument. Without a numeric argument, first correction and then
correcting completion will be tried, with the first one accepting two
errors  and the second one accepting three errors.

This completer function is intended to be used without the
tt(_approximate) completer or, as in the example, just before
it. Using it after the tt(_approximate) completer is useless since
tt(_approximate) will at least generate the corrected strings
generated by the tt(_correct) completer -- and probably more.
)
findex(_match)
item(tt(_match))(
This completer is intended to be used after the tt(_complete)
completer. It allows one to give patterns on the command line and
to complete all strings matching these patterns from the set of
possible completions for the context the cursor is in, without having
to set the tt(GLOB_COMPLETE) option.

Normally this will be done by taking the pattern from the line,
inserting a `tt(*)' at the cursor position and comparing the resulting
pattern with the possible completions generated. However, if the
tt(match-original) style has a value of tt(only), no `tt(*)' will be
inserted. If tt(match-original) has any other non-empty string as its
value, this completer will first try to generate matches without, then
with a `tt(*)' inserted at the cursor position.

The generated matches will be offered in a menucompletion unless the
tt(insert-unambiguous) style is set to `true'. In
this case menucompletion will only be started if no unambiguous string
could be generated that is at least as long as the original string.

Note that the matcher specifications defined globally or used by the
completion functions will not be used.
)
findex(_expand)
item(tt(_expand))(
This completer function does not really do completion, but instead
checks if the word on the command line is eligible for expansion and,
if it is, gives detailed control over how this expansion is done. When 
using this, one should not use the tt(expand-or-complete) widget, but
instead use tt(complete-word), as otherwise tt(expand-or-complete)
will expand the string on the line before the completion widget is
called. Also, this completer should be called before the tt(_complete) 
completer function.

The tags used when generating expansions are tt(all-expansions) for
the string containing all possible expansions, tt(expansions) when
adding the possible expansions as single matches and tt(original) when 
adding the original string from the line. In which order these strings 
are generated and which of these strings are generated at all can be
controlled by using the tt(group-order) style and by modifying the
tt(tag-order) style, as usual.

The format string for tt(all-expansions) and for tt(expansions) may
contain the sequence `tt(%o)' which will be replaced by the original
string from the line.

Which kind of expansion is tried is controlled by the tt(substitute)
and tt(glob) styles. Note that neither of these has a default value so 
that they have to be set to make tt(_expand) generate any expansions
at all.

In a different mode selected by the tt(completions) style, all
em(completions) generated for the string on the line are inserted.
)
findex(_list)
item(tt(_list))(
This completer allows one to delay the insertion of matches until
completion is attempted a second time without the word on the line
being changed. On the first attempt, only the list of matches will be
shown. Styles used are tt(condition) and tt(word), see
ifzman(the section `Completion System Configuration' above)\
ifnzman(noderef(Completion System Configuration)).
)
findex(_oldlist)
item(tt(_oldlist))(
This completer controls how the standard completion widgets behave
when there is an existing list of completions which may have been
generated by a special completion (i.e. a separately-bound completion
command).  It should appear in the list of completers before any of
the widgets which generate matches.  It uses two styles: tt(old-list) and
tt(old-menu), see
ifzman(the section `Completion System Configuration' above)\
ifnzman(noderef(Completion System Configuration)).
)
findex(_prefix)
item(tt(_prefix))(
This completer can be used to try completion with the suffix after the 
cursor ignored. I.e. the suffix will not be considered to be part of
the word to complete and hence does not need to be matched. It uses
the tt(completer) style to decide which other completers to call to
try to generate matches. If this style is unset, the completers
currently used by the whole completion are used -- except, of course,
the tt(_prefix) completer itself. Also, if this completer appears more
than once in the list of completers only those completers not
already tried by the last invocation of tt(_prefix) will be
called.

For example, consider this global tt(completer) style:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' completer \
    _complete _prefix _correct _prefix:foo)

This makes the tt(_prefix) completer try normal completion with the
suffix ignored. If that doesn't generate any matches and neither does
the call to the tt(_correct) completer after it, then tt(_prefix) will 
be called a second time and will now only try correction with the
suffix ignored. If you want to use tt(_prefix) as the last resort and
want it to try only normal completion, you need to call:

example(zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete ... _prefix
zstyle ':completion::prefix:*' completer _complete)

The tt(add-space) style is used, too. If it is set to `true' then
tt(_prefix) will insert a space between the matches generated (if any) 
and the suffix.

Note that using this completer will only work if the
tt(COMPLETE_IN_WORD) option is set. Because otherwise the cursor will
be set after the word before the completion code is called and hence
there will be no suffix.
)
findex(_ignored)
item(tt(_ignored))(
Using the tt(ignored-patterns) style it is possible to make some
matches be ignored. This completer allows to complete these matches as 
if no tt(ignored-patterns) style were set. Which completers are called 
for this is determined in the same way as for the tt(_prefix)
completer.

Finally, tt(_ignored) uses the tt(single-ignored) style if only one
match could be generated. It can be set to tt(show) to make that match 
be only displayed, not inserted into the line or it can be set to
tt(menu) to make the single match and the original string from the
line be offered in a menucompletion.
)
findex(_menu)
item(tt(_menu))(
This completer is a simple example function implemented to show how
menucompletion can be done in shell code. It should be used as the
first completer and has the effect of making the code perform
menucompletion. Note that this is independent of the setting of the
tt(MENU_COMPLETE) option and does not work with the other
menucompletion widgets such as tt(reverse-menu-complete), or
tt(accept-and-menu-complete).
)
enditem()

texinode(Bindable Commands)(Completion Functions)(Control Functions)(Completion System)
sect(Bindable Commands)
cindex(completion system, bindable commands)

In addition to the context-dependent completions provided, which are
expected to work in an intuitively obvious way, there are a few widgets
implementing special behaviour which can be bound separately to keys.  The
following is a list of these and their default bindings.

startitem()
findex(_bash_completions)
item(tt(_bash_completions))(
This function is used by two widgets, tt(_bash_complete-word) and
tt(_bash_list-choices).  It exists to provide compatibility with
completion bindings in bash.  The last character of the binding determines
what is completed: `tt(!)', command names; `tt($)', environment variables;
`tt(@)', host names; `tt(/)', file names; `tt(~)' user names.  In bash, the
binding preceeded by `tt(\e)' gives completion, and preceeded by `tt(^X)'
lists options.  As some of these bindings clash with standard zsh
bindings, only `tt(\e~)' and `tt(^X~)' are bound by default.  To add the
rest, the following should be added to tt(.zshrc) after tt(compinit) has
been run:

example(for key in '!' '$' '@' '/' '~'; do
  bindkey "\e$key" _bash_complete-word
  bindkey "^X$key" _bash_list-choices
done)

This includes the bindings for `tt(~)' in case they were already bound to
something else; the completion code does not override user bindings.
)
findex(_correct_filename (^XC))
item(tt(_correct_filename (^XC)))(
Correct the filename path at the cursor position.  Allows up to six errors
in the name.  Can also be called with an argument to correct
a filename path, independently of zle; the correction is printed on
standard output.
)
findex(_correct_word) (^Xc)
item(tt(_correct_word) (^Xc))(
Performs correction of the current argument using the usual contextual
completions as possible choices. This stores the string
`tt(correct-word)' in the var(function) field of the context name and
then calls the tt(_correct) completer.
)
findex(_expand_word (^Xe))
item(tt(_expand_word (^Xe)))(
Performs expansion on the current word:  equivalent to the standard
tt(expand-word) command, but using the tt(_expand) completer. Before
calling it, the var(function) field is set to `tt(expand-word)'.
)
findex(_history_complete_word) (\e/)
item(tt(_history_complete_word) (\e/))(
Complete words from the shell's command history. This uses the
tt(list), tt(remove-all-dups), tt(sort), and tt(stop) styles.
)
findex(_most_recent_file (^Xm))
item(tt(_most_recent_file (^Xm)))(
Complete the name of the most recently modified file matching the pattern
on the command line (which may be blank).  If given a numeric argument
var(N), complete the var(N)th most recently modified file.  Note the
completion, if any, is always unique.
)
findex(_next_tags)
item(tt(_next_tags) (^Xn))(
This allows to complete types of matches that are not immediately
offered because of the setting of the tt(tag-order) style. After a
normal completion was tried, invoking this command makes the matches
for the next tag (or set of tags) be used. Repeatedly invoking this
command makes the following tags be used.
)
findex(_read_comp (^X^R))
item(tt(_read_comp (^X^R)))(
Prompt the user for a string, and use that to perform completion on the
current word.  There are two possibilities for the string.  First, it can
be a set of words beginning `tt(_)', for example `tt(_files -/)', in which
case the function with any arguments will be called to generate the
completions.  Unambiguous parts of the function name will be completed
automatically (normal completion is not available at this point) until a
space is typed.

Any other string will be passed as a set of arguments to
tt(compadd) and should hence be an expression specifying what should
be completed.

A very restricted set of editing commands is available when reading the
string:  `tt(DEL)' and `tt(^H)' delete the last character; `tt(^U)' deletes
the line, and `tt(^C)' and `tt(^G)' abort the function, while `tt(RET)'
accepts the completion.  Note the string is used verbatim as a command
line, so arguments must be quoted in accordance with standard shell rules.

Once a string has been read, the next call to tt(_read_comp) will use the
existing string instead of reading a new one.  To force a new string to be
read, call tt(_read_comp) with a numeric argument.
)
findex(_complete_help (^Xh))
item(tt(_complete_help (^Xh)))(
This widget displays information about the context names, 
the tags, and the completion functions used 
when completing at the current cursor position. If given a numeric
argument other than tt(1) (as in `tt(ESC-2 ^Xh)'), then the styles
used and the contexts for which they are used will be shown, too.

Note that, depending on the control flow in the completion functions
called, the information about the styles may be
incomplete. I.e. depending on the settings for some styles other
styles may be used, and, depending on the user's settings, only the
first sort of styles may be detected by tt(_complete_help).
)
enditem()

texinode(Completion Functions)(Completion Directories)(Bindable Commands)(Completion System)
sect(Utility Functions)
cindex(completion system, utility functions)

Descriptions follow for utility functions that may be
useful when writing completion functions.  Most of these reside in the
tt(Core) subdirectory except where noted. Like the example 
functions for commands in the distribution, the utility functions
generating matches all follow the convention of returning zero if they
generated completions and non-zero if no matching completions could be 
added.

When writing completion functions or other ZLE widgets that call
completion, it might be interesting to know about two more features
offered by the tt(_main_complete) function. The arrays
tt(compprefuncs) and tt(comppostfuncs) may be set to contain names of
functions that are to be called immediately before or after completion 
has been tried. The functions will only be called once, unless they
put themselves into the array again.

startitem()
findex(_funcall)
item(tt(_funcall) var(return) var(name) [ var(args) ... ])(
If a function var(name) exists, it is called with the arguments
var(args). Unless it is the empty string or a single hyphen,
var(return) is taken as the name of a parameter and the return status
from the called function is stored in it.
The return value of tt(_funcall) itself is zero if the function
var(name) exists and was called and non-zero otherwise.
)
findex(_compalso)
item(tt(_compalso) var(names) ...)(
This function looks up the definitions for the context and command
names given as arguments and calls the handler functions for them if
there is a definition (given with the tt(compdef) function). For
example, the function completing inside subscripts might use
`tt(_compalso -math-)' to include the completions generated for
mathematical environments.
)
findex(_call)
item(tt(_call) var(tag) var(string) ...)(
This function is used in places where a command is called and the user 
should have the possibility to override the default for calling this
command. It looks up the tt(command) style with the supplied
var(tag). If the style is set, its value is used as the command to
execute.

In any case, the var(strings) from the call to tt(_call) or from the
style are concatenated with spaces between them and the resulting
string is evaluated. The return value is the return value of the
command called.
)
findex(_normal)
item(tt(_normal))(
This function is used for normal command completion.  If
completion is attempted on the first word, command names are
completed. Otherwise, the arguments are completed by calling the
functions defined for this command, including those functions defined
for patterns matching the command name. This function can also be
called by other completion functions if they have to complete a range
of words as a separate command. For example, the function to complete after
the pre-command specifiers such as tt(nohup) removes the first word from
the tt(words) array, decrements the tt(CURRENT) parameter, then calls this
function.

When calling a function defined for a pattern, this function also
checks if the parameter tt(_compskip) is set and uses the value in the 
same way it is used after calling the completion function for the
tt(-first-) context. With this 
one can write a pattern completion function that keeps other functions 
from being tried simply by setting this parameter to any value.
)
findex(_description)
item(tt(_description) [ tt(-12VJ) ] var(tag) var(name) var(descr) [ var(specs) ... ])(
This function tests some styles for the var(tag) and and stores
options usable for tt(compadd) in the array with the given var(name)
which guarantee that the matches are generated as requested by the
user. The styles tested are: tt(format) (which is first tested for the
given tag and then for the tt(descriptions) tag if that isn't
defined), tt(hidden) and tt(group-name) (the last two are tested only
for the tag given as the first argument). This function also calls the
tt(_setup) function which tests some more styles.

The format string from the style (if any) will be modified so that the 
sequence `tt(%d)' is replaced by the var(descr) given as the third
argument. If tt(_description) is called with more than three
arguments, these var(specs) should be of the form
`var(char)tt(:)var(str)' and every appearance of `tt(%)var(char)' in
the format string will be replaced by var(string).

The options placed in the array will also make sure that the matches
are placed in a separate group, depending on the value of the
tt(group-name) style. Normally a sorted group will be used for this
(with the `tt(-J)' option), but if a option starting with `tt(-V)',
`tt(-J)', `tt(-1)', or `tt(-2)' is given, that option will be included
in the array, so that it is possible to make the group unsorted by
giving the option `tt(-V)', `tt(-1V)', or `tt(-2V)'. 

In most cases, this function will be used like this:

example(local expl
_description expl files file
compadd "$expl[@]" - "$files[@]")
)
findex(_message)
item(tt(_message) [ -r ] var(descr))(
The var(descr) is used like the third
argument to the tt(_description) function. However, the resulting
string will always be shown whether or not matches were
generated. This is useful to display help texts in places where no
completions can be generated automatically.

This function also uses the tt(format) style for the tt(messages) tag in
preference to the tt(format) style for the tt(descriptions) tag. The
latter is used only if the former is unset.

If the tt(-r) option is given, no style is used and the var(descr) is
used literally as the string to display. This is only used in cases
where that string is taken from some pre-processed argument list
containing an expanded description.
)
findex(_setup)
item(tt(_setup) var(tag))(
This function expects a tag as its argument and sets up the special
parameters used by the completion system appropriately for the tag,
using styles such as tt(list-colors) and tt(last-prompt).

Note that this function is called automatically from tt(_description)
so that one normally doesn't have to call it explicitly.
)
findex(_tags)
item(tt(_tags) [ tt(-C) var(name) [ var(tags) ... ] ])(
If called with arguments, these are taken as the names of the tags for 
the types of matches the calling completion function can generate in
the current context. These tags are stored internally and sorted by
using the tt(tag-order) style. Following calls to this function
without arguments from the same function will then select the first,
second, etc. set of tags requested by the user. To test if a certain
tag should be tried, the tt(_requested) function has to be called (see 
below).

The return value is zero if at least one of the tags is requested and
non-zero otherwise. 

This function also accepts the tt(-C) option followed by a
var(name). This name is temporarily (i.e. not visible outside
tt(_tags)) stored in the argument field of the context name in the
tt(curcontext) parameter. This allows to make tt(_tags) use a more
specific context name without having to change and reset the
tt(curcontext) parameter (which would otherwise have the same effect).
)
findex(_next_label)
item(tt(_next_label) [ tt(-12VJ) ] var(tag) var(name) var(descr) [ var(options) ... ])(
This function should be called repeatedly to generate the tag
labels. On each call it will check if another tag label is to be used 
and, if there is at least one, zero is returned. If no more tag
labels are to be used, a non-zero status is returned.

The tt(-12JV) options and the first three arguments are given to the
tt(_desciption) function using the tag label instead of the first
argument is appropriate. The var(options) given after the var(descr)
should be other options to be used for tt(compadd) or whatever
function is to be called to add the matches. tt(_next_label) will store these 
var(options) in the parameter whose var(name) is given as the second
argument. This is done in such a way that the description given by the 
user to the tt(tag-order) style is prefered over the one given to
tt(_next_label).

Note that this function must not be called without a previous call to
tt(_tags) or tt(_requested) because it uses the tag label
for the current tag found by these functions.

A normal use of this function for the tag labels for the tag tt(foo)
looks like this:

example(local expl ret=1
...
if _requested foo; then
  ...
  while _next_label foo expl '...'; do
    compadd "$expl[@]" ... && ret=0
  done
  ...
fi
return ret
)
)
findex(_all_labels)
item(tt(_all_labels) [ tt(-12VJ) ] var(tag) var(name) var(descr) [ var(command) var(args) ... ])(
This is a convenient interface to the tt(_next_label) function, implementing
the loop shown in the example above. The var(command) is the one that
should be called to generate the matches. The options stored in the
parameter var(name) will automatically be inserted into the var(args)
given to the var(command). Normally, they are put directly after the
var(command), but if one of the var(args) is a single hyphen, they are 
inserted directly before that. If the hyphen is the last argument,
that will be removed from the argument list before the var(command) is 
called. This allows to use tt(_all_labels) in almost all cases where the
matches can be generated by a single call to the tt(compadd) builtin
command or by a call to one of the utility functions.

For example:

example(local expl
...
if _requested foo; then
  ...
  _all_labels foo expl '...' compadd ... - $matches
fi)

Will complete the strings from the tt(matches) parameter, using
tt(compadd) with additional options which will take precedence over
those generated by tt(_all_labels).
)
findex(_requested)
item(tt(_requested) [ tt(-12VJ) ] var(tag) [ var(name) var(descr) [ var(command) var(args) ... ] ])(
A function that uses tt(_tags) to register tags and then calls it to
loop over the requested sets of tags should call this function to
check if a certain tag is currently requested. This normally has to be 
done in a loop such as:

example(_tags foo bar baz
while _tags; do
  if _requested foo; then
    ...
  fi
  ... # test other tags
  ... # exit loop if matches were generated
done)

So, the first argument for tt(_requested) is used as the name of a tag 
and if that tag is currently requested, the return value is zero (and
non-zero otherwise).

If the var(name) and the var(descr) are given, tt(_requested) calls the
tt(_description) function with these arguments, including the options.

If the var(command) is given, the tt(_all_labels) function will be called
immediatly with the same arguments.

This is often useful to do both the testing of the tag,
getting the description for the matches and adding the matches at
once. E.g.:

example(local expl ret=1
_tags foo bar baz
while _tags; do
  _requested foo expl 'description' \ 
      compadd foobar foobaz && ret=0
  ...
  (( ret )) || break
done)
)
findex(_wanted)
item(tt(_wanted) [ tt(-12VJ) ] var(tag) var(name) var(descr) var(command) var(args) ...)(
In many contexts only one type of matches can be generated but even
then it should be tested if the tag representing those matches is
requested by the user. This function makes that easier.

Like tt(_requested) it gets arguments as for tt(_description).
With the var(tag) it calls tt(_tags) and if that returns zero 
(i.e. the var(tag) is requested by the user) it calls tt(_description). So, 
if you want to offer only one tag and immediatly want to use the
description built, you can just do:

example(_wanted tag expl 'description' \ 
    compadd matches...)

Unlike tt(_requested), however, tt(_wanted) can not be called without
the var(command). That's because tt(_wanted) also implements the loop
over the tags, not only the one for the labels.
)
findex(_alternative)
item(tt(_alternative) [ tt(-C) var(name) ] var(specs) ...)(
This function is useful if you offer multiple tags and building the
matches for them is easy enough. It basically implements a loop like
the one described for the tt(_tags) function above above.

The tags to use and what to do if the tags are requested are described 
using the var(specs) which are of the form:
`var(tag)tt(:)var(descr)tt(:)var(action)'. The var(tag)s are offered
using tt(_tags) and if the tag is requested, the var(action) is
executed with the given var(descr) (description). The var(action)s
supported are those used by the tt(_arguments) function (described
below), without the `tt(->)var(state)' and `tt(=)var(...)' forms.

For example, the var(action) may be a simple function call. With that
one could do:

example(_alternative \ 
    'users:user:_users' \ 
    'hosts:host:_hosts')

to offer usernames and hostnames as possible matches (which are
generated by the tt(_users) and tt(_hosts) functions respectively).

Note that, like tt(_arguments) this will also use tt(_all_labels) to execute 
the actions, so one doesn't need to call that explicitly unless
another tag is to be used, for example in a function called from
tt(_alternative).

Like tt(_tags) this function supports the tt(-C) option to give a
different name for the argument context field.
)
findex(_describe)
item(tt(_describe) var(descr) var(name1) [ var(name2) ] var(opts) ... tt(-)tt(-) ...)(
This function can be used to add options or values with descriptions
as matches. The var(descr) is taken as a string to display above
the matches if the tt(format) style for the tt(descriptions) tag is set.

After this one or two names of arrays followed by options to give
to tt(compadd) must be given. The first array contains the possible
completions with their descriptions (with the description separated
by a colon from the completion string). If the second array is given,
it should have the same number of elements as the first one and these
elements are added as possible completions instead of the strings from 
the first array. In any case, however, the completion list will show
the strings from the first array.

Any number of array/option sequences may be given separated by
`tt(-)tt(-)'. This allows one to display matches together that need
to be added with different options for tt(compadd).

Before the first argument, the option `tt(-o)' may be given. It says
that the matches added are option names. This will make tt(_describe)
use the tt(prefix-hidden), tt(prefix-needed) and tt(verbose) styles
to find out if the strings should be added at all and if the
descriptions should be shown. Without the `tt(-o)' option, only the
tt(verbose) style is used.

tt(_describe) uses the tt(_all_labels) function to generate the matches, so
that one doesn't need to put it into a loop over the tag labels.
)
findex(_multi_parts)
item(tt(_multi_parts) var(sep) var(array))(
This function gets two arguments: a separator character and an
array.  As usual, the var(array) may be either the
name of an array parameter or a literal array in the form
`tt(LPAR()foo bar)tt(RPAR())' (i.e. a list of words separated by white 
space in parentheses). With these arguments, this function will
complete to strings from the array where the parts separated by the
separator character are completed independently. For example, the
tt(_tar) function from the distribution caches the pathnames from the
tar file in an array and then calls this function to complete these
names in the way normal filenames are completed by the
tt(_path_files) function.

If given the tt(-i) option a single match left will be accepted
immediatly even if that means that additional parts for which no
separators were on the line are to be inserted. When completing from a 
fixed set of possible completions which are really words, this is
often the expected behaviour. But if tt(_multi_parts) should behave
like completing pathnames, the tt(-i) option should not be used.

Like other utility functions, this function accepts the `tt(-V)',
`tt(-J)', `tt(-1)', `tt(-2)', `tt(-n)', `tt(-f)', `tt(-X)', `tt(-M)', `tt(-P)',
`tt(-S)', `tt(-r)', `tt(-R)', and `tt(-q)' options and passes them to
the tt(compadd) builtin.
)
findex(_sep_parts)
item(tt(_sep_parts))(
This function gets as arguments alternating arrays and separators.
The arrays specify completions for parts of strings to be separated by the
separators. The arrays may be the names of array parameters or
a quoted list of words in parentheses. For example, with the array
`tt(hosts=(ftp news))' the call `tt(_sep_parts '(foo bar)' @ hosts)' will
complete the string  `tt(f)' to `tt(foo)' and the string `tt(b@n)' to
`tt(bar@news)'.

This function passes the `tt(-V)', `tt(-J)', `tt(-1)', `tt(-2)',
`tt(-n)', `tt(-X)', `tt(-M)', `tt(-P)', `tt(-S)', `tt(-r)', `tt(-R)',
and `tt(-q)' options and their arguments to the tt(compadd) builtin
used to add the matches.
)
findex(_path_files)
findex(_files)
item(tt(_path_files) and tt(_files))(
The function tt(_path_files) is used throughout the shell code
to complete filenames. It allows completion of partial paths. For
example, the string `tt(/u/i/s/sig)' may be completed to
`tt(/usr/include/sys/signal.h)'.

The function tt(_files) uses the tt(file-patterns) style and calls
tt(_path_files) with all the arguments it was passed except for tt(-g) 
and tt(-/). These two options are used depending on the setting of the 
tt(file-patterns) style.

Options accepted by both tt(_path_files) and tt(_files) are:

startitem()
item(tt(-f))(
Complete all filenames.  This is the default.
)
item(tt(-/))(
Specifies that only directories should be completed.
)
item(tt(-g) var(pattern))(
Says that only files matching the var(pattern) should be completed.
)
item(tt(-W) var(paths))(
Specifies path prefixes that are to be prepended to the string from the
line to generate the filenames but that should not be inserted in the line
or shown in a completion listing. The var(paths) may be the name of an
array parameter, a literal list of paths enclosed in parentheses or an
absolute pathname.
)
item(tt(-F))(
This option from the tt(compadd) builtin gives direct control over which
filenames should be ignored. If no such option is given, the
tt(ignored-suffixes) style is used.
)
enditem()

These functions also accept the `tt(-J)', `tt(-V)', `tt(-1)',
`tt(-2)', `tt(-n)', `tt(-X)', `tt(-M)', `tt(-P)', `tt(-S)', `tt(-q)',
`tt(-r)', and `tt(-R)' options from the tt(compadd) builtin.

Finally, the tt(_path_files) function  uses the styles tt(expand),
tt(ambiguous) and tt(special-dirs) with the tt(paths) tag.
)
findex(_parameters)
item(tt(_parameters))(
This should be used to complete parameter names. All arguments are
passed unchanged to the tt(compadd) builtin.
)
findex(_options)
item(tt(_options))(
This can be used to complete option names. It uses a matching
specification that ignores a leading `tt(no)', ignores underscores and 
allows the user to type upper-case letters, making them match their
lower-case counterparts. All arguments passed to this function are
propagated unchanged to the tt(compadd) builtin.
)
findex(_set_options)
findex(_unset_options)
item(tt(_set_options) and tt(_unset_options))(
These functions complete only set or unset options, with the same
matching specification used in the tt(_options) function.

Note that you need to uncomment a few lines in the tt(_main_complete)
function for these functions to work properly. The lines in question
are used to store the option settings in effect before the completion
widget locally sets the options it needs.
)
findex(_arguments)
item(tt(_arguments) var(specs) ...)(
This function resides in the tt(Base) subdirectory of the example
completion system because it is not used by the core system.

This function can be used to complete words on the line by simply
describing the arguments the command on the line gets. The description 
is given as arguments to this function, with each var(spec) describing
one option or normal argument of the command. The descriptions
understood are:

startitem()
item(var(n)tt(:)var(message)tt(:)var(action))(
This describes the var(n)'th normal argument. The var(message) will be 
printed above the matches generated and the var(action) says what can
be completed in this position (see below). If there are two colons
before the var(message), this describes an optional argument.
)
item(tt(:)var(message)tt(:)var(action))(
Like the previous one, but describing the em(next) argument. I.e. if
you want to describe all arguments a command can get, you can leave
out the numbers in the description and just use this form to describe
them one after another in the order they have to appear on the line.
)
item(tt(*:)var(message)tt(:)var(action))(
This describes how arguments are to be completed for which no
description with one of the first two forms was given. This also means 
that any number of arguments can be completed.

If there are two colons before the var(message) (as in
`tt(*::)var(message)tt(:)var(action)') the tt(words) special array and 
the tt(CURRENT) special parameter will be restricted to only the
normal arguments when the var(action) is executed or evaluated. With
three colons before the var(message) they will be restricted to only
the normal arguments covered by this description.
)
item(var(opt-spec)[var(description) ...])(
This describes an option and (if at least one var(description) is
given) the arguments that have to come after the option. If no
var(description) is given, this will only be used to offer the option
name as a possible completion in the right places. Each
var(description) has to be of the form
`tt(:)var(message)tt(:)var(action)' or
`tt(::)var(message)tt(:)var(action)', where the second form describes
an optional argument and the first one describes a mandatory argument.
The last description may also be of the form
`tt(:*:)var(message)tt(:)var(action)' or
`tt(:*)var(pattern)tt(:)var(message)tt(:)var(action)'. These describe
multiple arguments. In the first form all following words on the line
are to be completed as described by the var(action), in the second
form all words up to a word matching the given var(pattern) are to be
completed using the var(action). The `tt(*)' or the var(pattern) may
also be separated from the var(message) by two or three colons. With
two colons the tt(words) special array and the tt(CURRENT) special
parameter are modified to refer only to the words after the option
(with two colons) or to the words covered by this description (with
three colons) during the execution or evaluation of the
var(action). Note that only one such `tt(:*)'-specification is useful
and no other argument specification may be given after it.

In the simplest form the var(opt-spec) is just the option name
beginning with a minus or a plus sign, such as `tt(-foo)'. If the
command accepts the option both with a leading minus and a plus sign,
one can use either tt(-+foo) or tt(+-foo) to define both options at
once. In this
case, the first argument for the option (if any) has to come as a
separate word directly after the option and the option may appear only 
once on the line (and if it is already on the line, the option name
will not be offered as a possible completion again). If the first
argument for the option has to come directly after the option name
em(in the same word), a minus sign should be added to the end of the
var(opt-spec), as in `tt(-foo-)'. If the first argument may be given
in one string with the option name, but may also be given as a
separate argument after the option, a plus sign should be used
instead. If the argument may be given as the next string or in same
string as the option name but separated from it by an equal sign, a
`tt(=)' should be used instead of the minus or plus sign.

Note that this and the shortcut syntax with a leading tt(-+) or tt(+-) 
means that for options like tt(-+) the second character has to be
quoted with a backslash.

If the option may be given more than once, a star
(`tt(*)') has to be added in front of the var(opt-spec).

Finally, the var(opt-spec) may contain a explanation string. This is
given in brackets at the end, as in `tt(-q[query operation])'. The
tt(verbose) style is used to decide if these
explanation strings should be printed when options are listed. If no
explanation string is given but the tt(auto-describe) style is
set and only one argument is described for this var(opt-spec), the
option will be described by the value of the style with any appearance
of the sequence `tt(%d)' in it replaced by the description for the
first argument.
)
enditem()

Every var(spec) may also contain a list of option names and argument
numbers with which the option or argument described is mutually
exclusive. Such a list is given in parentheses at the beginning, as in
`tt((-two -three 1)-one:...)' or `tt((-foo):...)'. In the first
example, the options `tt(-two)' and `tt(-three)' and the first
argument will not be offered as possible completions if the option
`tt(-one)' is on the line. Also, the list may contain a single star as
one of its elements to specify that the description for the rest
arguments should not be used and it may contain a colon to specify
that the descriptions for all normal (non-option-) arguments should
not be used.

In each of the cases above, the var(action) says how the possible
completions should be generated. In cases where only one of a fixed
set of strings can be completed, these strings can directly be given as 
a list in parentheses, as in `tt(:foo:(foo bar baz))'. Such a list in
doubled parentheses, as in `tt(:foo:((a\:bar b\:baz)))' should contain 
strings consisting of the string to complete followed by a colon
(which needs to be preceded by a backslash) and a description. The
matches will be listed together with their descriptions if the
tt(description) style for the tt(values) tag is set.

An var(action) of the form `tt(->)var(string)' is used by functions
that implement a state machine. In this case, the `var(string)' (with
all leading and trailing spaces and tabs removed) will be stored in
the global parameter tt(state) and the function returns with a return
value of 300 (to make it distinguishable from other return values)
after setting the global `tt(context)', `tt(line)' and `tt(opt_args)'
parameters as described below and without resetting any changes made
to the special parameters such as tt(PREFIX) and tt(words). Note that
this means that a function calling tt(_arguments) with at least one
action containing such a `tt(->)var(string)' has to declare
appropriate local parameters as in:

example(local context state line
typeset -A opt_args)

This will ensure that tt(_arguments) does not create unused global
parameters.

A string in
braces will be evaluated to generate the matches and if the
var(action) does not begin with an opening parentheses or brace, it
will be split into separate words and executed. If the var(action)
starts with a space, this list of words will be invoked unchanged,
otherwise it will be invoked with some extra strings placed after the
first word which can be given as arguments to the tt(compadd) builtin
command and which make sure that the var(message) given
in the description will be shown above the matches. These arguments
are taken from the array parameter tt(expl) which will be set up
before executing the var(action) and hence may be used in it (normally 
in an expansion like `tt($expl[@])').

If the var(action) starts with `tt(= )' (an equals sign followed by a
space), tt(_arguments) will insert the contents of the var(argument)
field of the current context as the new first element in the tt(words) 
special array and increments the value of the tt(CURRENT) special
parameter. In other words, it inserts a dummy element in the tt(words) 
array and makes tt(CURRENT) still point to the word in that array
where the cursor is. This is only really useful when used with one of
the forms that make tt(_arguments) modify the tt(words) array to
contain only some of the words from the line, i.e. one of the argument 
description forms where the var(message) is preceded by two or three
colons. For example, when the function called in the action for such
an argument itself uses tt(_arguments), the dummy element is needed to 
make that second call to tt(_arguments) use all words from the
restricted range for argument parsing. Without the inserted dummy
element, the first word in the range would be taken (by the second
tt(_arguments)) to be the command name and hence ignored.

Except for the `tt(->)var(string)' form, the var(action) will be
executed by calling the tt(_all_labels) function to process all tag labels,
so one doesn't need to call that explicitly unless another tag is to
be used, for example in a function called in the var(action).

In places where no sensible matches can be generated, the action
should consist of only a space. This will make the var(message) be
displayed but no possible completions listed. Note that even in this
case the colon at the end of the var(message) is needed. The only case 
where it can be left is when neither a var(message), nor a var(action) 
is given.

To include a colon in the option name, the var(message) or the
var(action), it has to be preceded by a backslash.

During the evaluation or execution of the action the array `tt(line)'
will be set to the command name and normal arguments from the command
line, i.e. to the words from the command line excluding all options
and their arguments. These are stored in the associative array
`tt(opt_args)', using the option names as keys and their arguments as
the values. For options that have more than one argument these are
given as one string, separated by colons. All colons in the original
arguments are preceded with backslashes. The parameter `tt(context)'
will be set to the automatically created context name. This is either
a string of the form `var(-opt)tt(-)var(n)' for the var(n)'th argument 
of the option var(-opt), or a string of the form `tt(argument-)var(n)' 
for the var(n)'th argument (for rest arguments the var(n) is the
string `tt(rest)'). For example, when completing the argument of the tt(-o)
option, the name is `tt(-o-1)' and for the second normal (non-option-)
argument it is `tt(argument-2)'.

Also, during the evaluation of the var(action), the context name in
the tt(curcontext) parameter will be changed by appending the same
string that is stored in the tt(context) parameter.

Normally the option names are taken as multi-character names and a
word from the line is considered to contain only one option (or
none). By giving the tt(-s) option to this function (before the first
description), options are considered to be one-character options and the
strings from the line may contain more than one such option
letter. However, strings beginning with two hyphens (like
`tt(-)tt(-prefix)') are still considered to contain only one option
name. This allows the use of the `tt(-s)' option to describe
single-letter options together with such long option names.

Another option supported is `tt(-O) var(name)'. The var(name) will be
taken as the name of an array and its elements will be given to
functions called to generate matches when executing the
var(actions). For example, this allows one to give options for the
tt(compadd) builtin that should be used for all var(action)s.

Also, the tt(-M) option followed by a string may be given before the
first description. The string will be used as the match specification
when completing option names and values instead of the default
`tt(r:|[_-]=* r:|=*)'. 

Finally, the option tt(-C) can be given to make tt(_arguments) modify
the tt(curcontext) parameter when a action of the form
`tt(->)var(state)' is used. This parameter is used to keep track of
the current context and in this case it (and not the parameter
tt(context) as explained above) has to be made local to make sure that 
calling functions don't use the modified value. Also, the local
version of tt(curcontext) has to be initialised with the old value as
in:

example(local curcontext="$curcontext")

The function can also be made to automatically complete long options
for commands that support the `tt(-)tt(-help)' option as, for example,
most of the GNU commands do. For this, the string `tt(-)tt(-)' must be
given as one argument and if it is, the command from the line is
invoked with the `tt(-)tt(-help)' option and its output is parsed to find
possible option names. Note that this means that you should be careful
to make sure that this feature is not used for a command that does not
support this option.

For such automatically found options that get an argument after a
`tt(=)', the function also tries
to automatically find out what should be completed as the argument.
The possible completions for option-arguments can be described with
the arguments after the `tt(-)tt(-)' (which are not used as described
above). Each argument contains one description of the form
`var(pattern)tt(:)var(message)tt(:)var(action)'. The var(message) and
the var(action) have the same format as for the normal option
descriptions described above. The var(action) will be executed to
complete arguments of options whose description in the output of the
command from the line with the `tt(-)tt(-help)' option matches the
var(pattern). For example:

example(_arguments -- '*\*:toggle:(yes no)' \ 
              '*=FILE*:file:_files' \ 
              '*=DIR*:directory:_files -/')

Here, `tt(yes)' and `tt(no)' will be completed as the argument of
options whose description ends in a star, file names for options that
contain the substring `tt(=FILE)' in the description, and paths for
options whose description contains `tt(=DIR)'. In fact, the last two
patterns are not needed since this function always completes files
for option descriptions containing `tt(=FILE)' and paths for option
descriptions that contain `tt(=DIR)' or `tt(=PATH)'. These builtin
patterns can be overridden by patterns given as arguments, however.

Note also that tt(_arguments) tries to find out automatically if the
argument for an option is optional. If it fails to automatically
detect this, the colon before the var(message) can be doubled to tell
it about this as described for the normal option descriptions above.

The option `tt(-i) var(patterns)' (which must be given after the
`tt(-)tt(-)') can be used to give patterns for options which should not be
completed. The patterns can be given as the name of an array parameter
or as a literal list in parentheses. E.g. `tt(-i
"LPAR()-)tt(-(en|dis)able-FEATURE*RPAR()")' will make the options
`tt(-)tt(-enable-FEATURE)' and `tt(-)tt(-disable-FEATURE)' be ignored. The
option `tt(-s) var(pairs)' (again, after the `tt(-)tt(-)') can be used to
describe option aliases. Each var(pair) consists of a pattern and a
replacement. E.g. some tt(configure)-scripts describe options only as
`tt(-)tt(-enable-foo)', but also accept `tt(-)tt(-disable-foo)'. To allow
completion of the second form, one would use `tt(-s "LPAR()#-)tt(-enable-
-)tt(-disable-RPAR()")'.

Example:

example(_arguments '-l+:left border:' \ 
           '-format:paper size:(letter A4)' \ 
           '*-copy:output file:_files::resolution:(300 600)' \ 
           ':postscript file:_files -g *.(ps|eps)' \ 
           '*:page number:')

This describes three options: `tt(-l)', `tt(-format)', and
`tt(-copy)'. The first one gets one argument described as `var(left
border)' for which no completion will be offered because of the empty
action. The argument may come directly after the `tt(-l)' or it may be 
given as the next word on the line. The `tt(-format)' option gets one
argument (in the next word) described as `var(paper size)' for which
only the strings `tt(letter)' and `tt(A4)' will be completed. The
`tt(-copy)' option differs from the first two in that it may appear
more than once on the command line and in that it accepts two
arguments. The first one is mandatory and will be completed as a
filename. The second one is optional (because of the second colon
before the description `var(resolution)') and will be completed from
the strings `tt(300)' and `tt(600)'.

The last two descriptions say what should be completed as
arguments. The first one describes the first argument as a
`var(postscript file)' and makes files ending in `tt(ps)' or `tt(eps)' 
be completed. The last description says that all other arguments are
`var(page numbers)' but does not give possible completions.
)
findex(_values)
item(tt(_values) var(specs) ...)(
This is used to complete values (strings) and their arguments or
lists of such values.

If the first argument is the option `tt(-O) var(name)', this will be
used in the same way as by the tt(_arguments) function. I.e. the
elements of the var(name) array will be given to calls to tt(compadd)
and when executing an action.

Otherwise, if the first argument (or the first argument after the
`tt(-O) var(name)' option if that is used) is the option `tt(-s)', the
next argument is used as the character that separates multiple values.

The first argument (after the options and separator character if they
are given) is used as a string to print as a description before
listing the values.

All other arguments describe the possible values and their
arguments in the same format used for the description of options by
the tt(_arguments) function (see above). The only difference is that
there is no required minus or plus sign at the beginning and that
values can have only one argument.

Example:

example(_values -s , 'description' \ 
        '*foo[bar]' \ 
        '(two)*one[number]:first count:' \ 
        'two[another number]::second count:(1 2 3)')

This describes three possible values: `tt(foo)', `tt(one)', and
`tt(two)'. The first one is described as `tt(bar)', gets no argument 
and may appear more than once. The second one is described as
`tt(number)', may appear more than once, and gets one mandatory
argument described as `tt(first count)' for which no action is
specified so that it will not be completed automatically. The
`tt((two))' at the beginning says that if the value `tt(one)' is on
the line, the value `tt(two)' will not be  considered to be a possible
completion anymore. Finally, the last value (`tt(two)') is described
as `tt(another number)' and gets an optional argument decribed as
`tt(second count)' which will be completed from the strings `tt(1)',
`tt(2)', and `tt(3)'. The tt(_values) function will complete lists of
these values separated by commas.

Like tt(_arguments) this function temporarily adds another context
name component to the current context name while executing the
var(action). Here this name is just the name of the value for which
the argument is completed.

To decide if the descriptions for the values (not those for the
arguments) should be printed, the tt(verbose) is used.

One last difference to tt(_arguments) is that this function uses the
associative array
tt(val_args) to report values and their arguments (but otherwise this
is the same as the tt(opt_args) association used by
tt(_arguments)). This also means that the function calling tt(_values) 
should declare the tt(state), tt(line), tt(context) and tt(val_args)
parameters as in:

example(local context state line
typeset -A val_args)

when using an action of the form `tt(->)var(string)'. With this
function the tt(context) parameter will be set to the name of the
value whose argument is to be completed.

Like tt(_arguments), tt(_values) also supports the tt(-C) option in
which case you have to make the parameter tt(curcontext) local instead 
of tt(context) (as described above).
)
findex(_regex_arguments)
item(tt(_regex_arguments) var(name) var(specs) ...)(
This function is a compiler to generate a completion function.  The
first argument specifies the name of a generated function while the
remaining arguments specify a completion as a set of regular
expressions with actions.  The generated function has the structure of a
finite-state machine whose state corresponds to the state (i.e. the
context) of the completion. This state machine uses a command line,
which comes from concatentating the tt(words) array up to the current
cursor position using null characters as a separator with no extra
quotation.  This is analysed and at the end the appropriate action is
executed.

Specification arguments take one of following forms, in which
metacharacters such as `tt(LPAR())', `tt(RPAR())', `tt(#)' and `tt(|)'
should be quoted.

startitem()
item(tt(/)var(pattern)tt(/) [tt(%)var(lookahead)tt(%)] [tt(-)var(guard)] [tt(:)var(action)])(
This is a primitive element, corresponding to one
state of the compiled state machine.  The state is entered if the pattern
`tt((#b)LPAR()(#B))var(pattern)tt(RPAR()(#B))var(lookahead)tt(*)' matches
the command line string.  If it is matched, `var(guard)' is evaluated and
its return status is examined; if this is successful, the state is entered,
else the test fails and other candidates are tried.  The var(pattern)
string `tt([])' is guaranteed never to match.

If the test succeeds and the state is entered, the left part of the
command line string matched as `var(pattern)' is removed and the 
next state is tried, proceeding from inside to outside and from left to
right.

If no test succeeds and the remaining command line string contains no null
character, the completion target is restricted to the remainder of the
command line string and `var(action)'s for the target are evaluated.
In this case, nothing is actually removed from the command line string
so that any previous or neighbouring state may also have `var(actions)'s.
)
item(tt(/)var(pattern)tt(/+) [tt(%)var(lookahead)tt(%)] [tt(-)var(guard)] [tt(:)var(action)])(
This is similar to `tt(/)var(pattern)tt(/) ...' but the left part of
command line string is also considered as part of the completion target.
)
item(tt(/)var(pattern)tt(/-) [tt(%)var(lookahead)tt(%)] [tt(-)var(guard)] [tt(:)var(action)])(
This is similar to `tt(/)var(pattern)tt(/) ...' but `var(action)'s of the
current and previous states are ignored even if the following state's
`var(pattern)' matches the empty string.
)
item(tt(LPAR()) var(spec) tt(RPAR()))(
This groups `var(spec)'.
)
item(var(spec) tt(#))(
This allows any number of repetitions of `var(spec)'.
)
item(var(spec) var(spec))(
This represents the concatenation of two `var(spec)'s.
)
item(var(spec) tt(|) var(spec))(
Either of two `var(spec)'s can be matched.
)
enditem()
)
findex(_combination)
item(tt(_combination) [ tt(-s) var(pattern) ] var(tag) var(style) var(specs) ... var(field) var(opts) ...)(
This function is used to complete combinations of values such as pairs 
of hostnames and usernames. The possible values will be taken from the 
var(style) whose name is given as the second argument. The first argument
is the var(tag) to use to do the lookup.

The style name should consist of multiple parts separated by
hyphens which are then used as fieldnames. Known values for such
fields can be given after the second argument in arguments of the form 
`var(field)tt(=)var(pattern)'. The first argument without a equal sign 
is taken as the name of the field for which completions should be
generated.

The matches generated will be taken from the value of the style. These 
values should contain the possible values for the combinations where
the values for the different fields are separated by colons or
characters matching the pattern given after the tt(-s) option to
tt(_combination) (normally this is used to define character classes
like the `tt(-s "[:@]")' used for the tt(users-hosts) style).

Only the values for the requested fields for which the patterns given
in the `var(field)tt(=)var(pattern)' match the respective fields in
the strings from the style value are generated as possible matches.

If no style with the given name is defined for the given tag but a
function named with the name of the requested field preceded by an
underscore is defined, that function will be called to generate the
matches. This is also done if none of the strings in the value of the
style match all the patterns given as arguments.

If the same name is used for more than one field, in both the
`var(field)tt(=)var(pattern)' and the argument that gives the field
name to complete for, the number of the field (starting with one) may
be given after the fieldname, separated from it by a colon.

All arguments after the requested fieldname are given to the
tt(compadd) used (when generating matches from the style value) and to 
the functions for the fields if they are called.
)
findex(_sort_tags)
item(tt(_sort_tags) var(tag) ...)(
As described above for the tt(tag-order) style, this is only provided
to show how functions that sort tags can be implemented.

Inside such functions the name of the current context can
be accessed using the tt(curcontext) parameter. For example, the
function generating file names (called tt(_files)) in the completion
system is often called to generate only filenames matching a given
glob pattern, in which case it uses the tags tt(globbed-files),
tt(directories), and tt(all-files).  This means that the function
offers to generate filenames matching the pattern, names of
directories or all filenames as possible matches. Example:

example(_sort_tags() {
  case $curcontext in
  (*::dvips:*)
    comptry globbed-files directories
    comptry all-files
    ;;
  (*)
    comptry globbed-files
    comptry directories
    comptry all-files
    ;;
  esac
})

Every call to the tt(comptry) function (actually a builtin
command defined by the tt(zsh/computil) module) gives a
set of tags to use; as soon as one of the completion system produces
some matches for one set,
subsequent sets have no effect.  Hence in the example
this means that for the tt(dvips) command on the first attempt the
names of DVI files and directories will be generated (first call to
tt(comptry)). If none of those names match the string from the command
line the completion function will generate all filenames as
possible matches (second call to tt(comptry)).

For all other context names the second case-pattern matches, so that
normally the completion functions will only try the filenames matching 
the glob pattern (if any glob pattern is used). If that doesn't yield
any matches, names of directories are generated, and if that doesn't
yield any matching names either, all filenames will be generated.

In every context the function may call tt(comptry) as
often as it wants. Also, every string may be given as argument, even
if no tag with such a name was offered by the completion
function. This allows one to give a preferred ordering for some common 
tag sets without having to worry about sensible patterns for context
names. For example, many completion functions can generate both
arguments and option names for commands. These functions normally use
the tags tt(arguments) and tt(options). Depending on your preference
you may write in your sorting function:

example(_sort_tags() {
  comptry arguments options
  case $curcontext in
  ...
  esac
})

or

example(_sort_tags() {
  comptry arguments
  comptry options
  case $curcontext in
  ...
  esac
})

The former always adds both the matches for the argument and the
option names as possible matches. The latter forces matches for the
arguments to be preferred. In this case option names are only generated
as matches if the string on the line matches no possible completion
for the argument, which normally means that you have to type the
hyphen the option names start with yourself to see the list of option
names that can be completed.

Since the completion functions are free to choose the tag names they
use, there can't be a complete list. So to make sure that all types of 
matches are eventually tried as completions, one should  use a call to 
tt(comptry) with all arguments at the end of the sorting function. For
those contexts where one really wants to make sure that certain tags are
never used one can then use a call to tt(return) to circumvent that
last tt(comptry). For example:

example(_sort_tags() {
  ...
  case $curcontext in
  (*::kill:*)
    comptry processes
    return
    ;;
  esac
  comptry "$@"
})

The completion function for the tt(kill) builtin command offers the
tags tt(jobs) and tt(processes) which represent job references
(e.g. `tt(%1)') and process identifiers respectively. The function
above makes sure that for this builtin command only process
identifiers are generated as possible matches by using only the
tt(processes) tag in a call to tt(comptry). The immediate call to
tt(return) then makes sure that the default tt(comptry) at the end is
not executed.

With the tt(-s) option, each tag given to tt(comptry) will be put in a 
separate set. With the tt(-m) option, the arguments are treated in the 
same way as the the values for the tt(tag-order) style (except for the 
`tt(!...)', `tt(-)' and `tt(foo())' forms).
)

enditem()

texinode(Completion Directories)()(Completion Functions)(Completion System)
sect(Completion Directories)
cindex(completion system, directory structure)

In the source distribution, the files are contained in various
subdirectories of the tt(Completion) directory.  They may have been
installed in the same structure, or into one single function directory.
The following is a description of the files found in the original directory
structure.  If you wish to alter an installed file, you will need to copy
it to some directory which appears earlier in your tt(fpath) than the
standard directory where it appears.

startitem()
item(tt(Core))(
The core scripts and functions.  You will certainly need these, though will
probably not need to alter them.  Many of these are documented above.
)
item(tt(Base))(
Other functions you will almost certainly want if you are going to use
any of the standard completion functions.  You may want to edit some of
these files.
)
item(tt(Builtins))(
Functions for completing arguments of shell builtin commands and
utility functions for this (which are also used by functions from the
tt(User) directory).
)
item(tt(User))(
Functions for completing arguments of external commands and suites of
commands.  They may need modifying for your system.
)
item(tt(Commands))(
Functions which implement special types of completion to be bound to
keystrokes rather than called by context.
)
enditem()