diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Functions/Misc')
| -rw-r--r-- | Functions/Misc/zmv | 118 |
1 files changed, 102 insertions, 16 deletions
diff --git a/Functions/Misc/zmv b/Functions/Misc/zmv index 2067c73c4..da7a81f78 100644 --- a/Functions/Misc/zmv +++ b/Functions/Misc/zmv @@ -1,6 +1,30 @@ # function zmv { # zmv, zcp, zln: # +# This is a multiple move based on zsh pattern matching. To get the full +# power of it, you need a postgraduate degree in zsh. However, simple +# tasks work OK, so if that's all you need, here are some basic examples: +# zmv '(*).txt' '$1.lis' +# Rename foo.txt to foo.lis, etc. The parenthesis is the thing that +# gets replaced by the $1 (not the `*', as happens in mmv, and note the +# `$', not `=', so that you need to quote both words). +# zmv '(**/)(*).txt '$1$2.lis' +# The same, but scanning through subdirectories. The $1 becomes the full +# path. Note that you need to write it like this; you can't get away with +# '(**/*).txt'. +# zmv -w '**/*.txt' '$1$2.lis' +# This is the lazy version of the one above; zsh picks out the patterns +# for you. The catch here is that you don't need the / in the replacement +# pattern. (It's not really a catch, since $1 can be empty.) +# zmv -C '**/(*).txt' ~/save/'$1'.lis +# Copy, instead of move, all .txt files in subdirectories to .lis files +# in the single directory `~/save'. Note that the ~ was not quoted. +# You can test things safely by using the `-n' (no, not now) option. +# Clashes, where multiple files are renamed or copied to the same one, are +# picked up. +# +# Here's a more detailed description. +# # Use zsh pattern matching to move, copy or link files, depending on # the last two characters of the function name. The general syntax is # zmv '<inpat>' '<outstring>' @@ -8,15 +32,35 @@ # immediate expansion, while <outstring> is a string that will be # re-evaluated and hence may contain parameter substitutions, which should # also be quoted. Each set of parentheses in <inpat> (apart from those -# around glob qualifiers and globbing flags) may be referred to by a -# positional parameter in <outstring>, i.e. the first (...) matched is -# given by $1, and so on. For example, +# around glob qualifiers, if you use the -Q option, and globbing flags) may +# be referred to by a positional parameter in <outstring>, i.e. the first +# (...) matched is given by $1, and so on. For example, # zmv '([a-z])(*).txt' '${(U)1}$2.txt' # renames algernon.txt to Algernon.txt, boris.txt to Boris.txt and so on. # The original file matched can be referred to as $f in the second # argument; accidental or deliberate use of other parameters is at owner's # risk and is not covered by the (non-existent) guarantee. # +# As usual in zsh, /'s don't work inside parentheses. There is a special +# case for (**/) and (***/): these have the expected effect that the +# entire relevant path will be substituted by the appropriate positional +# parameter. +# +# There is a shortcut avoiding the use of parenthesis with the option -w +# (with wildcards), which picks out any expressions `*', `?', `<range>' +# (<->, <1-10>, etc.), `[...]', possibly followed by `#'s, `**/', `***/', and +# automatically parenthesises them. (You should quote any ['s or ]'s which +# appear inside [...] and which do not come from ranges of the form +# `[:alpha:]'.) So for example, in +# zmv -w '[[:upper:]]*' '${(L)1}$2' +# the $1 refers to the expression `[[:upper:]]' and the $2 refers to +# `*'. Thus this finds any file with an upper case first character and +# renames it to one with a lowercase first character. Note that any +# existing parentheses are active, too, so you must count accordingly. +# Furthermore, an expression like '(?)' will be rewritten as '((?))' --- in +# other words, parenthesising of wildcards is independent of any existing +# parentheses. +# # Any error --- a substitution resulted in an empty string, a # substitution did not change the file name, two substitutions gave the # same result, the destination was an existing regular file and -f was not @@ -30,7 +74,9 @@ # to execute it. Y or y will execute it, anything else will skip it. # Note that you just need to type one character. # -n no execution: print what would happen, but don't do it. -# -q don't allow bare glob qualifiers in the filename pattern, see below. +# -q Turn bare glob qualifiers off: now assumed by default, so this +# has no effect. +# -Q Force bare glob qualifiers on. # -s symbolic, passed down to ln; only works with zln or z?? -L. # -v verbose: print line as it's being executed. # -o <optstring> @@ -41,6 +87,8 @@ # Call <program> instead of cp, ln or mv. Whatever it does, it should # at least understand the form '<program> -- <oldname> <newname>', # where <oldname> and <newname> are filenames generated. +# -w Pick out wildcard parts of the pattern, as described above, and +# implicitly add parentheses for referring to them. # -C # -L # -M Force cp, ln or mv, respectively, regardless of the name of the @@ -48,15 +96,17 @@ # # Bugs: # Parenthesised expressions can be confused with glob qualifiers, for -# example a trailing '(*)' is treated as a glob qualifier. Use -q to -# turn off glob qualifiers, or (yuk) add a suitable dummy qualifier -# (e.g. `(.)') or dummy pattern (e.g. `(|)') at the end. +# example a trailing '(*)' would be treated as a glob qualifier in +# ordinary globbing. This has proved so annoying that glob qualifiers +# are now turned off by default. To force the use of glob qualifiers, +# give the flag -Q. # # The second argument is re-evaluated in order to expand the parameters, # so quoting may be a bit haphazard. In particular, a double quote # will need an extra level of quoting. # -# The pattern is always treated as an extendedglob pattern. +# The pattern is always treated as an extendedglob pattern. This +# can also be interpreted as a feature. # # Unbugs: # You don't need braces around the 1 in expressions like '$1t' as @@ -67,12 +117,13 @@ emulate -L zsh setopt extendedglob local f g args match mbegin mend files action myname tmpf opt exec -local opt_f opt_i opt_n opt_q opt_s opt_M opt_C opt_L opt_o opt_p -local pat repl errstr +local opt_f opt_i opt_n opt_q opt_Q opt_s opt_M opt_C opt_L +local opt_o opt_p opt_v opt_w MATCH MBEGIN MEND +local pat repl errstr fpat typeset -A from to integer stat -while getopts ":o:p:MCLfinqsv" opt; do +while getopts ":o:p:MCLfinqQsvw" opt; do if [[ $opt = "?" ]]; then print -P "%N: unrecognized option: -$OPTARG" >&2 return 1 @@ -81,15 +132,20 @@ while getopts ":o:p:MCLfinqsv" opt; do done (( OPTIND > 1 )) && shift $(( OPTIND - 1 )) -[[ -n $opt_q ]] && setopt nobareglobqual +[[ -z $opt_Q ]] && setopt nobareglobqual [[ -n $opt_M ]] && action=mv [[ -n $opt_C ]] && action=cp [[ -n $opt_L ]] && action=ln [[ -n $opt_p ]] && action=$opt_p if (( $# != 2 )); then - print -P "Usage: %N oldpattern newpattern - e.g. %N '(*).lis' '\$1.txt'" >&2 + print -P "Usage: + %N oldpattern newpattern +where oldpattern contains parenthesis surrounding patterns which will +be replaced in turn by $1, $2, ... in newpattern. For example, + %N '(*).lis' '\$1.txt' +renames 'foo.lis' to 'foo.txt', 'my.old.stuff.lis' to 'my.old.stuff.txt', +and so on." >&2 return 1 fi @@ -118,7 +174,28 @@ if [[ -n $opt_s && $action != ln ]]; then return 1 fi -files=(${~pat}) +if [[ -n $opt_w ]]; then + # Parenthesise all wildcards. + local newpat + # Well, this seems to work. + # The tricky bit is getting all forms of [...] correct, but as long + # as we require inactive bits to be backslashed its not so bad. + newpat="${pat//\ +(#m)(\*\*#\/|[*?]|\<[0-9]#-[0-9]#\>|\[(\[:[a-z]##:\]|\\\[|\\\]|[^\[\]]##)##\])\##\ +/($MATCH)}" + if [[ $newpat = $pat ]]; then + print -P "%N: warning: no wildcards were found" >&2 + else + pat=$newpat + fi +fi + +if [[ $pat = (#b)(*)\((\*\*##/)\)(*) ]]; then + fpat="$match[1]$match[2]$match[3]" +else + fpat=$pat +fi +files=(${~fpat}) if [[ -o bareglobqual && $pat = (#b)(*)\([^\)\|\~]##\) ]]; then # strip off qualifiers for use as ordinary pattern @@ -128,8 +205,16 @@ fi errs=() for f in $files; do + if [[ $pat = (#b)(*)\(\*\*##/\)(*) ]]; then + # This looks like a recursive glob. This isn't good enough, + # because we should really enforce that $match[1] and $match[2] + # don't match slashes unless they were explicitly given. But + # it's a start. It's fine for the classic case where (**/) is + # at the start of the pattern. + pat="$match[1](*/|)$match[2]" + fi [[ -e $f && $f = (#b)${~pat} ]] || continue - set -- $match + set -- "$match[@]" eval g=\"$repl\" if [[ -z $g ]]; then errs=($errs "$f expanded to empty string") @@ -151,6 +236,7 @@ if (( $#errs )); then fi for f in $files; do + [[ -z $to[$f] ]] && continue exec=($action ${=opt_o} $opt_s -- $f $to[$f]) [[ -n $opt_i$opt_n$opt_v ]] && print -- $exec if [[ -n $opt_i ]]; then |