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<title>skalibs: the alarm library interface</title>
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<meta name="Keywords" content="skalibs c unix alarm getitimer setitimer timer_create timer_gettime timer_settime library libstddjb" />
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<h1> The <tt>alarm</tt> library interface </h1>
<p>
The following functions are declared in the <tt>skalibs/alarm.h</tt> header,
and implemented in the <tt>libskarnet.a</tt> or <tt>libskarnet.so</tt> library.
</p>
<h2> General information </h2>
<p>
<tt>alarm</tt> is a set of primitives to provide the same functionality as
<a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/alarm.html">alarm()</a>,
but with sub-second precision.
</p>
<p>
Depending on the functionality the underlying system provides,
the precision can be 1 nanosecond (implementation via
<a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/timer_getoverrun.html">timer_settime()</a>,
1 microsecond (implementation via
<a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setitimer.html">setitimer()</a>,
or 1 second (fallback implementation with
<a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/alarm.html">alarm()</a>
when nothing better can be found).
</p>
<h2> Functions </h2>
<p>
<code> int alarm_milliseconds (unsigned int n) </code> <br />
Sets a fuse that will raise a SIGALRM after <em>n</em> milliseconds.
If <em>n</em> is 0, the SIGALRM will be raised instantly.
Returns 1 on success and 0 (and sets errno) on failure.
</p>
<p>
<code> int alarm_timeout (tain_t const *tto) </code> <br />
Sets a fuse that will raise a SIGALRM after some amount
of time has passed. The amount of time is described in
*<em>tto</em>, which is a relative
<a href="tai.html">tain_t</a>, i.e. a structure containing
a relative TAIN64 time.
Returns 1 on success and 0 (and sets errno) on failure.
</p>
<p>
<code> int alarm_deadline (tain_t const *deadline) </code> <br />
Sets a fuse that will raise a SIGALRM when the clock reaches
*<em>deadline</em>, which is an absolute time expressed in
<a href="tai.html">TAI64N</a> format.
Returns 1 on success and 0 (and sets errno) on failure.
</p>
<p>
<code> void alarm_disable (void) </code> <br />
Cancels a previously set fuse. No SIGALRM will be raised.
</p>
<h2> Notes </h2>
<ul>
<li> Asynchronous programming via signals is bad. The best way
to handle situations where something happens after some time has
elapsed is to use an asynchronous loop primitive such as
<a href="iopause.html">iopause()</a>. The problem is that some
external libraries only provide synchronous functions (including
functions talking to the network!) with no obvious way to set a
timeout. The <tt>alarm_*</tt> set of functions is meant to work
around that, with hopefully better granularity than the POSIX
<tt>alarm()</tt> function. </li>
</ul>
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