1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
|
/* Startup code compliant to the ELF i386 ABI.
Copyright (C) 1995-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU C Library.
The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
In addition to the permissions in the GNU Lesser General Public
License, the Free Software Foundation gives you unlimited
permission to link the compiled version of this file with other
programs, and to distribute those programs without any restriction
coming from the use of this file. (The GNU Lesser General Public
License restrictions do apply in other respects; for example, they
cover modification of the file, and distribution when not linked
into another program.)
Note that people who make modified versions of this file are not
obligated to grant this special exception for their modified
versions; it is their choice whether to do so. The GNU Lesser
General Public License gives permission to release a modified
version without this exception; this exception also makes it
possible to release a modified version which carries forward this
exception.
The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
/* This is the canonical entry point, usually the first thing in the text
segment. The SVR4/i386 ABI (pages 3-31, 3-32) says that when the entry
point runs, most registers' values are unspecified, except for:
%edx Contains a function pointer to be registered with `atexit'.
This is how the dynamic linker arranges to have DT_FINI
functions called for shared libraries that have been loaded
before this code runs.
%esp The stack contains the arguments and environment:
0(%esp) argc
4(%esp) argv[0]
...
(4*argc)(%esp) NULL
(4*(argc+1))(%esp) envp[0]
...
NULL
*/
#include <sysdep.h>
ENTRY (_start)
/* Clearing frame pointer is insufficient, use CFI. */
cfi_undefined (eip)
/* Clear the frame pointer. The ABI suggests this be done, to mark
the outermost frame obviously. */
xorl %ebp, %ebp
/* Extract the arguments as encoded on the stack and set up
the arguments for `main': argc, argv. envp will be determined
later in __libc_start_main. */
popl %esi /* Pop the argument count. */
movl %esp, %ecx /* argv starts just at the current stack top.*/
/* Before pushing the arguments align the stack to a 16-byte
(SSE needs 16-byte alignment) boundary to avoid penalties from
misaligned accesses. Thanks to Edward Seidl <seidl@janed.com>
for pointing this out. */
andl $0xfffffff0, %esp
pushl %eax /* Push garbage because we allocate
28 more bytes. */
/* Provide the highest stack address to the user code (for stacks
which grow downwards). */
pushl %esp
pushl %edx /* Push address of the shared library
termination function. */
#ifdef PIC
/* Load PIC register. */
call 1f
addl $_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_, %ebx
/* This used to be the addresses of .fini and .init. */
pushl $0
pushl $0
pushl %ecx /* Push second argument: argv. */
pushl %esi /* Push first argument: argc. */
# ifdef SHARED
pushl main@GOT(%ebx)
# else
/* Avoid relocation in static PIE since _start is called before
it is relocated. This also avoid rely on linker optimization to
transform 'movl main@GOT(%ebx), %eax' to 'leal main@GOTOFF(%ebx)'
if main is defined locally. */
leal __wrap_main@GOTOFF(%ebx), %eax
pushl %eax
# endif
/* Call the user's main function, and exit with its value.
But let the libc call main. */
call __libc_start_main@PLT
#else
/* This used to be the addresses of .fini and .init. */
pushl $0
pushl $0
pushl %ecx /* Push second argument: argv. */
pushl %esi /* Push first argument: argc. */
pushl $main
/* Call the user's main function, and exit with its value.
But let the libc call main. */
call __libc_start_main
#endif
hlt /* Crash if somehow `exit' does return. */
#ifdef PIC
1: movl (%esp), %ebx
ret
#endif
#if defined PIC && !defined SHARED
__wrap_main:
_CET_ENDBR
jmp main@PLT
#endif
END (_start)
/* To fulfill the System V/i386 ABI we need this symbol. Yuck, it's so
meaningless since we don't support machines < 80386. */
.section .rodata
.globl _fp_hw
_fp_hw: .long 3
.size _fp_hw, 4
.type _fp_hw,@object
/* Define a symbol for the first piece of initialized data. */
.data
.globl __data_start
__data_start:
.long 0
.weak data_start
data_start = __data_start
|
