| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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set_max_fast sets the "impossibly small" value based on,
eventually, MALLOC_ALIGNMENT. The comparisons for the smallest
chunk used is, eventually, MIN_CHUNK_SIZE. Note that i386
is the only platform where these are the same, so a smallest
chunk *would* be put in a no-fastbins fastbin.
This change calculates the "impossibly small" value
based on MIN_CHUNK_SIZE instead, so that we can know it will
always be impossibly small.
(cherry picked from commit ff12e0fb91b9072800f031cb21fb2651ee7b6251)
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Fixes `<total type="rest" size="..."> incorrectly showing as 0 most
of the time.
The rest value being wrong is significant because to compute the
actual amount of memory handed out via malloc, the user must subtract
it from <system type="current" size="...">. That result being wrong
makes investigating memory fragmentation issues like
<https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=843478> close to
impossible.
(cherry picked from commit b6d2c4475d5abc05dd009575b90556bdd3c78ad0)
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It was introduced in commit 6c8dbf00f536d78b1937b5af6f57be47fd376344
("Reformat malloc to gnu style.").
Reviewed-by: Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
(cherry picked from commit b0f6679bcd738ea244a14acd879d974901e56c8e)
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* elf/dl-tunables.list: Add glibc.malloc.mxfast.
* manual/tunables.texi: Document it.
* malloc/malloc.c (do_set_mxfast): New.
(__libc_mallopt): Call it.
* malloc/arena.c: Add mxfast tunable.
* malloc/tst-mxfast.c: New.
* malloc/Makefile: Add it.
Reviewed-by: Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
(cherry picked from commit c48d92b430c480de06762f80c104922239416826)
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Change the tcache->counts[] entries to uint16_t - this removes
the limit set by char and allows a larger tcache. Remove a few
redundant asserts.
bench-malloc-thread with 4 threads is ~15% faster on Cortex-A72.
Reviewed-by: DJ Delorie <dj@redhat.com>
* malloc/malloc.c (MAX_TCACHE_COUNT): Increase to UINT16_MAX.
(tcache_put): Remove redundant assert.
(tcache_get): Remove redundant asserts.
(__libc_malloc): Check tcache count is not zero.
* manual/tunables.texi (glibc.malloc.tcache_count): Update maximum.
(cherry picked from commit 1f50f2ad854c84ead522bfc7331b46dbe6057d53)
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One of the warnings that appears with -Wextra is "ordered comparison
of pointer with integer zero" in malloc.c:tcache_get, for the
assertion:
assert (tcache->entries[tc_idx] > 0);
Indeed, a "> 0" comparison does not make sense for
tcache->entries[tc_idx], which is a pointer. My guess is that
tcache->counts[tc_idx] is what's intended here, and this patch changes
the assertion accordingly.
Tested for x86_64.
* malloc/malloc.c (tcache_get): Compare tcache->counts[tc_idx]
with 0, not tcache->entries[tc_idx].
(cherry picked from commit 77dc0d8643aa99c92bf671352b0a8adde705896f)
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The tcache counts[] array is a char, which has a very small range and thus
may overflow. When setting tcache_count tunable, there is no overflow check.
However the tunable must not be larger than the maximum value of the tcache
counts[] array, otherwise it can overflow when filling the tcache.
[BZ #24531]
* malloc/malloc.c (MAX_TCACHE_COUNT): New define.
(do_set_tcache_count): Only update if count is small enough.
* manual/tunables.texi (glibc.malloc.tcache_count): Document max value.
(cherry picked from commit 5ad533e8e65092be962e414e0417112c65d154fb)
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Fixes bug 24216. This patch adds security checks for bk and bk_nextsize pointers
of chunks in large bin when inserting chunk from unsorted bin. It was possible
to write the pointer to victim (newly inserted chunk) to arbitrary memory
locations if bk or bk_nextsize pointers of the next large bin chunk
got corrupted.
(cherry picked from commit 5b06f538c5aee0389ed034f60d90a8884d6d54de)
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* malloc/malloc.c (munmap_chunk): Verify chunk alignment.
(cherry picked from commit c0e82f117357a941e4d40fcc08babbd6a3c3a1b5)
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* malloc/malloc.c (mremap_chunk): Additional checks.
(cherry picked from commit ebe544bf6e8eec35e754fd49efb027c6f161b6cb)
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Commit b90ddd08f6dd688e651df9ee89ca3a69ff88cd0c ("malloc: Additional
checks for unsorted bin integrity I.") was committed without a
whitespace fix, so it is adjusted here as well.
(cherry picked from commit 35cfefd96062145eeb8aee6bd72d07e0909a6b2e)
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This commit removes the custom memcpy implementation from _int_realloc
for small chunk sizes. The ncopies variable has the wrong type, and
an integer wraparound could cause the existing code to copy too few
elements (leaving the new memory region mostly uninitialized).
Therefore, removing this code fixes bug 24027.
(cherry picked from commit b50dd3bc8cbb1efe85399b03d7e6c0310c2ead84)
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* malloc/malloc.c (tcache_entry): Add key field.
(tcache_put): Set it.
(tcache_get): Likewise.
(_int_free): Check for double free in tcache.
* malloc/tst-tcfree1.c: New.
* malloc/tst-tcfree2.c: New.
* malloc/Makefile: Run the new tests.
* manual/probes.texi: Document memory_tcache_double_free probe.
* dlfcn/dlerror.c (check_free): Prevent double frees.
(cherry picked from commit bcdaad21d4635931d1bd3b54a7894276925d081d)
malloc: tcache: Validate tc_idx before checking for double-frees [BZ #23907]
The previous check could read beyond the end of the tcache entry
array. If the e->key == tcache cookie check happened to pass, this
would result in crashes.
(cherry picked from commit affec03b713c82c43a5b025dddc21bde3334f41e)
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This reverts commit 481a6cf0c24f02f251d7cd0b776c12d00e6b144f, the
backport of commit bcdaad21d4635931d1bd3b54a7894276925d081d on the
master branch.
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* malloc/malloc.c (tcache_entry): Add key field.
(tcache_put): Set it.
(tcache_get): Likewise.
(_int_free): Check for double free in tcache.
* malloc/tst-tcfree1.c: New.
* malloc/tst-tcfree2.c: New.
* malloc/Makefile: Run the new tests.
* manual/probes.texi: Document memory_tcache_double_free probe.
* dlfcn/dlerror.c (check_free): Prevent double frees.
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On Thu, Jan 11, 2018 at 3:50 PM, Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com> wrote:
> On 11/07/2017 04:27 PM, Istvan Kurucsai wrote:
>>
>> + next = chunk_at_offset (victim, size);
>
>
> For new code, we prefer declarations with initializers.
Noted.
>> + if (__glibc_unlikely (chunksize_nomask (victim) <= 2 * SIZE_SZ)
>> + || __glibc_unlikely (chunksize_nomask (victim) >
>> av->system_mem))
>> + malloc_printerr("malloc(): invalid size (unsorted)");
>> + if (__glibc_unlikely (chunksize_nomask (next) < 2 * SIZE_SZ)
>> + || __glibc_unlikely (chunksize_nomask (next) >
>> av->system_mem))
>> + malloc_printerr("malloc(): invalid next size (unsorted)");
>> + if (__glibc_unlikely ((prev_size (next) & ~(SIZE_BITS)) !=
>> size))
>> + malloc_printerr("malloc(): mismatching next->prev_size
>> (unsorted)");
>
>
> I think this check is redundant because prev_size (next) and chunksize
> (victim) are loaded from the same memory location.
I'm fairly certain that it compares mchunk_size of victim against
mchunk_prev_size of the next chunk, i.e. the size of victim in its
header and footer.
>> + if (__glibc_unlikely (bck->fd != victim)
>> + || __glibc_unlikely (victim->fd != unsorted_chunks (av)))
>> + malloc_printerr("malloc(): unsorted double linked list
>> corrupted");
>> + if (__glibc_unlikely (prev_inuse(next)))
>> + malloc_printerr("malloc(): invalid next->prev_inuse
>> (unsorted)");
>
>
> There's a missing space after malloc_printerr.
Noted.
> Why do you keep using chunksize_nomask? We never investigated why the
> original code uses it. It may have been an accident.
You are right, I don't think it makes a difference in these checks. So
the size local can be reused for the checks against victim. For next,
leaving it as such avoids the masking operation.
> Again, for non-main arenas, the checks against av->system_mem could be made
> tighter (against the heap size). Maybe you could put the condition into a
> separate inline function?
We could also do a chunk boundary check similar to what I proposed in
the thread for the first patch in the series to be even more strict.
I'll gladly try to implement either but believe that refining these
checks would bring less benefits than in the case of the top chunk.
Intra-arena or intra-heap overlaps would still be doable here with
unsorted chunks and I don't see any way to counter that besides more
generic measures like randomizing allocations and your metadata
encoding patches.
I've attached a revised version with the above comments incorporated
but without the refined checks.
Thanks,
Istvan
From a12d5d40fd7aed5fa10fc444dcb819947b72b315 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Istvan Kurucsai <pistukem@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2018 14:48:16 +0100
Subject: [PATCH v2 1/1] malloc: Additional checks for unsorted bin integrity
I.
Ensure the following properties of chunks encountered during binning:
- victim chunk has reasonable size
- next chunk has reasonable size
- next->prev_size == victim->size
- valid double linked list
- PREV_INUSE of next chunk is unset
* malloc/malloc.c (_int_malloc): Additional binning code checks.
(cherry picked from commit b90ddd08f6dd688e651df9ee89ca3a69ff88cd0c)
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* malloc/malloc.c (_int_free): Check for corrupt prev_size vs size.
(malloc_consolidate): Likewise.
(cherry picked from commit d6db68e66dff25d12c3bc5641b60cbd7fb6ab44f)
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The House of Force is a well-known technique to exploit heap
overflow. In essence, this exploit takes three steps:
1. Overwrite the size of top chunk with very large value (e.g. -1).
2. Request x bytes from top chunk. As the size of top chunk
is corrupted, x can be arbitrarily large and top chunk will
still be offset by x.
3. The next allocation from top chunk will thus be controllable.
If we verify the size of top chunk at step 2, we can stop such attack.
(cherry picked from commit 30a17d8c95fbfb15c52d1115803b63aaa73a285c)
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Also remove a few now-unused declarations and definitions.
Reviewed-by: Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
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* malloc/malloc.c (_int_malloc): Added check before removing from
unsorted list.
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Reviewed-by: Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
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This patch mechanically removes all remaining uses, and the
definitions, of the following libio name aliases:
name replaced with
---- -------------
_IO_FILE FILE
_IO_fpos_t __fpos_t
_IO_fpos64_t __fpos64_t
_IO_size_t size_t
_IO_ssize_t ssize_t or __ssize_t
_IO_off_t off_t
_IO_off64_t off64_t
_IO_pid_t pid_t
_IO_uid_t uid_t
_IO_wint_t wint_t
_IO_va_list va_list or __gnuc_va_list
_IO_BUFSIZ BUFSIZ
_IO_cookie_io_functions_t cookie_io_functions_t
__io_read_fn cookie_read_function_t
__io_write_fn cookie_write_function_t
__io_seek_fn cookie_seek_function_t
__io_close_fn cookie_close_function_t
I used __fpos_t and __fpos64_t instead of fpos_t and fpos64_t because
the definitions of fpos_t and fpos64_t depend on the largefile mode.
I used __ssize_t and __gnuc_va_list in a handful of headers where
namespace cleanliness might be relevant even though they're
internal-use-only. In all other cases, I used the public-namespace
name.
There are a tiny handful of places where I left a use of 'struct _IO_FILE'
alone, because it was being used together with 'struct _IO_FILE_plus'
or 'struct _IO_FILE_complete' in the same arithmetic expression.
Because this patch was almost entirely done with search and replace, I
may have introduced indentation botches. I did proofread the diff,
but I may have missed something.
The ChangeLog below calls out all of the places where this was not a
pure search-and-replace change.
Installed stripped libraries and executables are unchanged by this patch,
except that some assertions in vfscanf.c change line numbers.
* libio/libio.h (_IO_FILE): Delete; all uses changed to FILE.
(_IO_fpos_t): Delete; all uses changed to __fpos_t.
(_IO_fpos64_t): Delete; all uses changed to __fpos64_t.
(_IO_size_t): Delete; all uses changed to size_t.
(_IO_ssize_t): Delete; all uses changed to ssize_t or __ssize_t.
(_IO_off_t): Delete; all uses changed to off_t.
(_IO_off64_t): Delete; all uses changed to off64_t.
(_IO_pid_t): Delete; all uses changed to pid_t.
(_IO_uid_t): Delete; all uses changed to uid_t.
(_IO_wint_t): Delete; all uses changed to wint_t.
(_IO_va_list): Delete; all uses changed to va_list or __gnuc_va_list.
(_IO_BUFSIZ): Delete; all uses changed to BUFSIZ.
(_IO_cookie_io_functions_t): Delete; all uses changed to
cookie_io_functions_t.
(__io_read_fn): Delete; all uses changed to cookie_read_function_t.
(__io_write_fn): Delete; all uses changed to cookie_write_function_t.
(__io_seek_fn): Delete; all uses changed to cookie_seek_function_t.
(__io_close_fn): Delete: all uses changed to cookie_close_function_t.
* libio/iofopncook.c: Remove unnecessary forward declarations.
* libio/iolibio.h: Correct outdated commentary.
* malloc/malloc.c (__malloc_stats): Remove unnecessary casts.
* stdio-common/fxprintf.c (__fxprintf_nocancel):
Remove unnecessary casts.
* stdio-common/getline.c: Use _IO_getdelim directly.
Don't redefine ssize_t.
* stdio-common/printf_fp.c, stdio_common/printf_fphex.c
* stdio-common/printf_size.c: Don't redefine size_t or FILE.
Remove outdated comments.
* stdio-common/vfscanf.c: Don't redefine va_list.
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malloc_stats means to disable cancellation for writes to stderr while
it runs, but it restores stderr->_flags2 with |= instead of =, so what
it actually does is disable cancellation on stderr permanently.
[BZ #22830]
* malloc/malloc.c (__malloc_stats): Restore stderr->_flags2
correctly.
* malloc/tst-malloc-stats-cancellation.c: New test case.
* malloc/Makefile: Add new test case.
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This avoids assert definition conflicts if some of the headers used by
malloc.c happens to include assert.h. Malloc still needs a malloc-avoiding
implementation, which we get by redirecting __assert_fail to malloc's
__malloc_assert.
* malloc/malloc.c: Include <assert.h>.
(assert): Do not define.
[!defined NDEBUG] (__assert_fail): Define to __malloc_assert.
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When posix_memalign is called with an alignment less than MALLOC_ALIGNMENT
and a requested size close to SIZE_MAX, it falls back to malloc code
(because the alignment of a block returned by malloc is sufficient to
satisfy the call). In this case, an integer overflow in _int_malloc leads
to posix_memalign incorrectly returning successfully.
Upon fixing this and writing a somewhat thorough regression test, it was
discovered that when posix_memalign is called with an alignment larger than
MALLOC_ALIGNMENT (so it uses _int_memalign instead) and a requested size
close to SIZE_MAX, a different integer overflow in _int_memalign leads to
posix_memalign incorrectly returning successfully.
Both integer overflows affect other memory allocation functions that use
_int_malloc (one affected malloc in x86) or _int_memalign as well.
This commit fixes both integer overflows. In addition to this, it adds a
regression test to guard against false successful allocations by the
following memory allocation functions when called with too-large allocation
sizes and, where relevant, various valid alignments:
malloc, realloc, calloc, reallocarray, memalign, posix_memalign,
aligned_alloc, valloc, and pvalloc.
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* All files with FSF copyright notices: Update copyright dates
using scripts/update-copyrights.
* locale/programs/charmap-kw.h: Regenerated.
* locale/programs/locfile-kw.h: Likewise.
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When the per-thread cache is enabled, __libc_malloc uses request2size (which
does not perform an overflow check) to calculate the chunk size from the
requested allocation size. This leads to an integer overflow causing malloc
to incorrectly return the last successfully allocated block when called with
a very large size argument (close to SIZE_MAX).
This commit uses checked_request2size instead, removing the overflow.
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It does not make sense to register separate cleanup functions for arena
and tcache since they're always going to be called together. Call the
tcache cleanup function from within arena_thread_freeres since it at
least makes the order of those cleanups clear in the code.
Reviewed-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh@sourceware.org>
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This commit adds a "subheaps" field to the malloc_info output that
shows the number of heaps that were allocated to extend a non-main
arena.
Reviewed-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh@sourceware.org>
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Obtain the size information while the arena lock is acquired, and only
print it later.
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This patch adds single-threaded fast paths to _int_malloc.
* malloc/malloc.c (_int_malloc): Add SINGLE_THREAD_P path.
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This patch adds a single-threaded fast path to malloc, realloc,
calloc and memalloc. When we're single-threaded, we can bypass
arena_get (which always locks the arena it returns) and just use
the main arena. Also avoid retrying a different arena since
there is just the main arena.
* malloc/malloc.c (__libc_malloc): Add SINGLE_THREAD_P path.
(__libc_realloc): Likewise.
(_mid_memalign): Likewise.
(__libc_calloc): Likewise.
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Add sysdep-cancel.h include.
* malloc/malloc.c (sysdep-cancel.h): Add include.
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This patch adds single-threaded fast paths to _int_free.
Bypass the explicit locking for larger allocations.
* malloc/malloc.c (_int_free): Add SINGLE_THREAD_P fast paths.
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This patch fixes a deadlock in the fastbin consistency check.
If we fail the fast check due to concurrent modifications to
the next chunk or system_mem, we should not lock if we already
have the arena lock. Simplify the check to make it obviously
correct.
* malloc/malloc.c (_int_free): Fix deadlock bug in consistency check.
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* malloc/malloc.c (malloc_state): Use int for have_fastchunks since
not all targets support atomics on bool.
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The current malloc initialization is quite convoluted. Instead of
sometimes calling malloc_consolidate from ptmalloc_init, call
malloc_init_state early so that the main_arena is always initialized.
The special initialization can now be removed from malloc_consolidate.
This also fixes BZ #22159.
Check all calls to malloc_consolidate and remove calls that are
redundant initialization after ptmalloc_init, like in int_mallinfo
and __libc_mallopt (but keep the latter as consolidation is required for
set_max_fast). Update comments to improve clarity.
Remove impossible initialization check from _int_malloc, fix assert
in do_check_malloc_state to ensure arena->top != 0. Fix the obvious bugs
in do_check_free_chunk and do_check_remalloced_chunk to enable single
threaded malloc debugging (do_check_malloc_state is not thread safe!).
[BZ #22159]
* malloc/arena.c (ptmalloc_init): Call malloc_init_state.
* malloc/malloc.c (do_check_free_chunk): Fix build bug.
(do_check_remalloced_chunk): Fix build bug.
(do_check_malloc_state): Add assert that checks arena->top.
(malloc_consolidate): Remove initialization.
(int_mallinfo): Remove call to malloc_consolidate.
(__libc_mallopt): Clarify why malloc_consolidate is needed.
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Currently free typically uses 2 atomic operations per call. The have_fastchunks
flag indicates whether there are recently freed blocks in the fastbins. This
is purely an optimization to avoid calling malloc_consolidate too often and
avoiding the overhead of walking all fast bins even if all are empty during a
sequence of allocations. However using catomic_or to update the flag is
completely unnecessary since it can be changed into a simple boolean and
accessed using relaxed atomics. There is no change in multi-threaded behaviour
given the flag is already approximate (it may be set when there are no blocks in
any fast bins, or it may be clear when there are free blocks that could be
consolidated).
Performance of malloc/free improves by 27% on a simple benchmark on AArch64
(both single and multithreaded). The number of load/store exclusive instructions
is reduced by 33%. Bench-malloc-thread speeds up by ~3% in all cases.
* malloc/malloc.c (FASTCHUNKS_BIT): Remove.
(have_fastchunks): Remove.
(clear_fastchunks): Remove.
(set_fastchunks): Remove.
(malloc_state): Add have_fastchunks.
(malloc_init_state): Use have_fastchunks.
(do_check_malloc_state): Remove incorrect invariant checks.
(_int_malloc): Use have_fastchunks.
(_int_free): Likewise.
(malloc_consolidate): Likewise.
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The functions tcache_get and tcache_put show up in profiles as they
are a critical part of the tcache code. Inline them to give tcache
a 16% performance gain. Since this improves multi-threaded cases
as well, it helps offset any potential performance loss due to adding
single-threaded fast paths.
* malloc/malloc.c (tcache_put): Inline.
(tcache_get): Inline.
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The malloc tcache added in 2.26 will leak all of the elements remaining
in the cache and the cache structure itself when a thread exits. The
defect is that we do not set tcache_shutting_down early enough, and the
thread simply recreates the tcache and places the elements back onto a
new tcache which is subsequently lost as the thread exits (unfreed
memory). The fix is relatively simple, move the setting of
tcache_shutting_down earlier in tcache_thread_freeres. We add a test
case which uses mallinfo and some heuristics to look for unaccounted for
memory usage between the start and end of a thread start/join loop. It
is very reliable at detecting that there is a leak given the number of
iterations. Without the fix the test will consume 122MiB of leaked
memory.
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In _int_free, the locked variable is not used if NDEBUG is defined.
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After commit ec2c1fcefb200c6cb7e09553f3c6af8815013d83,
(malloc: Abort on heap corruption, without a backtrace), the function
always returns 0.
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This is no longer needed because we now abort immediately
once heap corruption is detected.
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Clean up calls to malloc_printerr and trim its argument list.
This also removes a few bits of work done before calling
malloc_printerr (such as unlocking operations).
The tunable/environment variable still enables the lightweight
additional malloc checking, but mallopt (M_CHECK_ACTION)
no longer has any effect.
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The stack trace printing caused deadlocks and has been itself been
targeted by code execution exploits.
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__stack_chk_fail is called on corrupted stack. Stack backtrace is very
unreliable against corrupted stack. __libc_message is changed to accept
enum __libc_message_action and call BEFORE_ABORT only if action includes
do_backtrace. __fortify_fail_abort is added to avoid backtrace from
__stack_chk_fail.
[BZ #12189]
* debug/Makefile (CFLAGS-tst-ssp-1.c): New.
(tests): Add tst-ssp-1 if -fstack-protector works.
* debug/fortify_fail.c: Include <stdbool.h>.
(_fortify_fail_abort): New function.
(__fortify_fail): Call _fortify_fail_abort.
(__fortify_fail_abort): Add a hidden definition.
* debug/stack_chk_fail.c: Include <stdbool.h>.
(__stack_chk_fail): Call __fortify_fail_abort, instead of
__fortify_fail.
* debug/tst-ssp-1.c: New file.
* include/stdio.h (__libc_message_action): New enum.
(__libc_message): Replace int with enum __libc_message_action.
(__fortify_fail_abort): New hidden prototype.
* malloc/malloc.c (malloc_printerr): Update __libc_message calls.
* sysdeps/posix/libc_fatal.c (__libc_message): Replace int
with enum __libc_message_action. Call BEFORE_ABORT only if
action includes do_backtrace.
(__libc_fatal): Update __libc_message call.
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* config.make.in: Enable experimental malloc option.
* configure.ac: Likewise.
* configure: Regenerate.
* manual/install.texi: Document it.
* INSTALL: Regenerate.
* malloc/Makefile: Likewise.
* malloc/malloc.c: Add per-thread cache (tcache).
(tcache_put): New.
(tcache_get): New.
(tcache_thread_freeres): New.
(tcache_init): New.
(__libc_malloc): Use cached chunks if available.
(__libc_free): Initialize tcache if needed.
(__libc_realloc): Likewise.
(__libc_calloc): Likewise.
(_int_malloc): Prefill tcache when appropriate.
(_int_free): Likewise.
(do_set_tcache_max): New.
(do_set_tcache_count): New.
(do_set_tcache_unsorted_limit): New.
* manual/probes.texi: Document new probes.
* malloc/arena.c: Add new tcache tunables.
* elf/dl-tunables.list: Likewise.
* manual/tunables.texi: Document them.
* NEWS: Mention the per-thread cache.
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