diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'timezone/europe')
| -rw-r--r-- | timezone/europe | 254 |
1 files changed, 147 insertions, 107 deletions
diff --git a/timezone/europe b/timezone/europe index 54146d7400..b3a3b269d3 100644 --- a/timezone/europe +++ b/timezone/europe @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ -# @(#)europe 8.1 +# @(#)europe 8.6 # <pre> # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). -# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is -# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), -# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). +# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), +# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # # Gwillim Law writes that a good source # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport @@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # of the IATA's data after 1990. # -# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1991, -# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. +# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for +# entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. # # Other sources occasionally used include: # @@ -221,11 +221,12 @@ # (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976) # </a>. -# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-18): +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # -# For lack of other data, we'll follow Shanks for Eire in 1940-1948. +# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. # -# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks are incorrect: +# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger +# are incorrect: # * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until # 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain. # Actually, Wales was identical after 1880. @@ -237,18 +238,19 @@ # Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time. # Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change). # -# Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks: +# Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks & Pottenger: # * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT # to daylight saving time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to # conform with Great Britain. # S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise. # -# The following claim by Shanks is possible though doubtful; +# The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful; # we'll ignore it for now. # * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00. # # -# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than Shanks. +# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than +# Shanks & Pottenger. # Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory # (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was # to London. For example: @@ -418,11 +420,14 @@ Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT # See EU for rules starting in 1996. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 +Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST +Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey +Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey +Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s @@ -476,7 +481,7 @@ Rule C-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - @@ -596,12 +601,12 @@ Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 # Austria -# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-28): Shanks gives 1918-06-16 and +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and # 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and # Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged" # date of 1945-04-12 with no time. For the 1980-04-06 transition -# Shanks gives 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, and guess 02:00 -# for 1945-04-12. +# Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, +# and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S @@ -701,7 +706,7 @@ Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 1:00 EU CE%sT # Bosnia and Herzegovina -# see Serbia and Montenegro +# see Serbia # Bulgaria # @@ -713,7 +718,7 @@ Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - -Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat<=7 23:00 1:00 S +Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 - Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -728,7 +733,7 @@ Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880 2:00 EU EE%sT # Croatia -# see Serbia and Montenegro +# see Serbia # Cyprus # Please see the `asia' file for Asia/Nicosia. @@ -813,10 +818,10 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faeroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn # East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones. # My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. # -# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, # and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU -# rules at least through 1984. Shanks says Scoresbysund and Godthab +# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthab # used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU # rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. @@ -871,24 +876,28 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faeroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn # I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place # there at 2:00 AM. -# From Paul Eggert (2001-11-19): -# The 1997 CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; the 1995 map as like Godthab. +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; +# the 1995 map as like Godthab. # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthab before 1996. # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, -# so go with Shanks for all Thule transitions. +# so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. +# For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S -Rule Thule 1993 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D -Rule Thule 1993 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D +Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996 0:00 - GMT -Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit +Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU EG%sT @@ -963,13 +972,13 @@ Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 # Finland # -# From Hannu Strang (25 Sep 1994 06:03:37 UTC): +# From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC): # Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one, # and it's supposed to change at 4am... # -# From Paul Eggert (25 Sep 1994): -# Shanks says Finland has switched at 02:00 standard time since 1981. -# Go with Strang instead. +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# Shanks & Pottenger say Finland has switched at 02:00 standard time +# since 1981. Go with Strang instead. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S @@ -999,7 +1008,7 @@ Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn # -# Shanks seems to use `24:00' ambiguously; we resolve it with Whitman. +# Shank & Pottenger seem to use `24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - @@ -1013,7 +1022,7 @@ Rule France 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S # DSH writes that a law of 1923-05-24 specified 3rd Sat in Apr at 23:00 to 1st # Sat in Oct at 24:00; and that in 1930, because of Easter, the transitions -# were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks. +# were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S @@ -1034,8 +1043,8 @@ Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S -# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks writes -# that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. +# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger +# write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. # Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arneguy, Orthez, # Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamotte-Montravel, Marouil, La # Rochefoucault, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Decartes, @@ -1043,7 +1052,7 @@ Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S # Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalons-sur-Saone, Arbois, # Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collognes (Haute-Savioe). Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer -# Shanks says this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, +# Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, # but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), # who quotes the Ephemerides Astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes # as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. @@ -1056,21 +1065,21 @@ Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - -# Shanks gives Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00; +# Shanks & Pottenger give Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00; # go with Excoffier's 28/3/76 0hUT and 25/9/76 23hUT. Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 S Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 - -# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman gives 0:09:05, +# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05, # but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21. # Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based # on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT -# Shanks gives 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre. +# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre. 0:00 France WE%sT 1940 Jun 14 23:00 # Le Corre says Paris stuck with occupied-France time after the liberation; -# go with Shanks. +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 25 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 @@ -1121,23 +1130,23 @@ Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr # Gibraltar # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 +Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 1:00 - CET 1982 1:00 EU CE%sT # Greece # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - -# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - -# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 - Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S @@ -1157,7 +1166,7 @@ Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30 1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981 - # Shanks says they switched to C-Eur in 1981; + # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. 2:00 EU EE%sT @@ -1220,10 +1229,10 @@ Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct # might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it # might mean something else (???). # -# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): -# The Iceland Almanak, Shanks and Whitman disagree on many points. -# We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks, namely that -# Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that. +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# The Iceland Almanak, Shanks & Pottenger, and Whitman disagree on many points. +# We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks & Pottenger, namely +# that Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S @@ -1261,15 +1270,16 @@ Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 # But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff, # so record only the time in Rome. # -# From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06): -# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and +# F. Pollastri # <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html"> -# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (1996-03-14) +# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) # </a> # (`FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: # -# year FP Shanks (S) Whitman (W) Go with: +# year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W # 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S @@ -1325,7 +1335,7 @@ Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 - 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov # Rome Mean Time + 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980 @@ -1467,7 +1477,8 @@ Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 2:00 EU EE%sT # Luxembourg -# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks. +# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - @@ -1502,7 +1513,7 @@ Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun 1:00 EU CE%sT # Macedonia -# see Serbia and Montenegro +# see Serbia # Malta # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S @@ -1514,7 +1525,7 @@ Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta +Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31 @@ -1523,9 +1534,9 @@ Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta # Moldova -# From Paul Eggert (2001-02-11): -# A previous version of this database followed Shanks, who writes that -# Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00. +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): +# A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write +# that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00. # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area @@ -1550,7 +1561,8 @@ Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 2:00 EU EE%sT # Monaco -# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. +# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's +# more precise 0:09:21. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time @@ -1558,6 +1570,9 @@ Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT +# Montenegro +# see Serbia + # Netherlands # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, @@ -1633,7 +1648,8 @@ Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835 1:00 EU CE%sT # Norway -# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks. +# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks & +# Pottenger. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - @@ -1704,9 +1720,10 @@ Link Europe/Oslo Atlantic/Jan_Mayen # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks. +Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S +# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - -# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks. +# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, @@ -1762,9 +1779,9 @@ Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not # done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. -# Go with Shanks. +# Go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - @@ -1780,24 +1797,23 @@ Rule Port 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S -# Shanks gives 1934 Apr 4; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - -# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman. +# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S -# Shanks gives 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman. +# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S @@ -1811,8 +1827,8 @@ Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - -# Shanks says DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman. -# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks. +# Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman. +# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S @@ -1824,7 +1840,7 @@ Rule Port 1980 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -# Shanks says that the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24; +# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24; # Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett. Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time @@ -1877,11 +1893,12 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # Russia -# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-12): +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, -# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks, except we follow -# Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat 23:00, not Sun 02:00s. +# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, +# except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat +# 23:00, not Sun 02:00s. # # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow! @@ -1926,20 +1943,20 @@ Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr 2:00 Russia EE%sT # # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] -# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast', Astrakhanskaya oblast', +# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast', # Belgorodskaya oblast', Bryanskaya oblast', Vladimirskaya oblast', -# Volgogradskaya oblast', Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast', +# Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast', # Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya, # Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya, # Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya, -# Respublika Kareliya, Kirovskaya oblast', Respublika Komi, +# Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi, # Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast', # Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El, # Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast', # Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug, # Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast', # Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast', -# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg, Saratovskaya oblast', +# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg, # Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast', # Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan, # Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast', @@ -1954,11 +1971,25 @@ Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD # +# Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast', +# Volgogradskaya oblast'. Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 +# but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300. Perhaps it switched after the +# others? But we have no data. +Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 + 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time + 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time + 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 + 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T + 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s + 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s + 3:00 Russia VOL%sT +# # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] # Samarskaya oblast', Udmyrtskaya respublika Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 - 3:00 - KUYT 1930 Jun 21 # Kuybyshev - 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s + 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 + 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 + 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev 3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 @@ -1984,17 +2015,19 @@ Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia OMS%sT # -# Novosibirskaya oblast'. +# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's +# not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. +# Novosibirskaya oblast', Tomskaya oblast'. Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s - 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # says Shanks + 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia NOV%sT # # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] # Kemerovskaya oblast', Krasnoyarskij kraj, -# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug, Tomskaya oblast', +# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug, # Respublika Tuva, Respublika Khakasiya, Evenkijskij avtonomnyj okrug. Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time @@ -2077,7 +2110,7 @@ Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT -# Serbia and Montenegro +# Serbia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 @@ -2085,10 +2118,11 @@ Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s # Metod Kozelj reports that the legal date of # transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. -# Shanks doesn't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj. +# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj. 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia +Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia @@ -2097,32 +2131,34 @@ Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava # Slovenia -# see Serbia and Montenegro +# see Serbia # Spain # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; go with Shanks. +# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks. +# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks. +# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M @@ -2149,7 +2185,7 @@ Rule SpainAfrica 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 +Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00s 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979 1:00 EU CE%sT @@ -2171,7 +2207,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. # Sweden -# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks: +# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: # # The law "Svensk forfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all @@ -2232,7 +2268,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # From Whitman (who writes ``Midnight?''): Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - -# From Shanks: +# From Shanks & Pottenger: Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -2251,7 +2287,8 @@ Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - -# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; go with Shanks. +# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S @@ -2260,7 +2297,8 @@ Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S -# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; go with Shanks. +# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; +# go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - @@ -2357,11 +2395,13 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 - EET 1992 -# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-12): +# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. -# Shanks says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened -# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. For now, guess it changed in May. +# Shanks (1999) says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened +# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say +# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it +# changed in May. 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s |