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Diffstat (limited to 'manual/arith.texi')
| -rw-r--r-- | manual/arith.texi | 157 |
1 files changed, 121 insertions, 36 deletions
diff --git a/manual/arith.texi b/manual/arith.texi index 5c73360977..630dde531c 100644 --- a/manual/arith.texi +++ b/manual/arith.texi @@ -2058,11 +2058,17 @@ one by one. @subsection Parsing of Integers @pindex stdlib.h -These functions are declared in @file{stdlib.h}. +@pindex wchar.h +The @samp{str} functions are declared in @file{stdlib.h} and those +beginning with @samp{wcs} are declared in @file{wchar.h}. One might +wonder about the use of @code{restrict} in the prototypes of the +functions in this section. It is seemingly useless but the @w{ISO C} +standard uses it (for the functions defined there) so we have to do it +as well. @comment stdlib.h @comment ISO -@deftypefun {long int} strtol (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +@deftypefun {long int} strtol (const char *restrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) The @code{strtol} (``string-to-long'') function converts the initial part of @var{string} to a signed integer, which is returned as a value of type @code{long int}. @@ -2123,9 +2129,18 @@ case there was overflow. There is an example at the end of this section. @end deftypefun +@comment wchar.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefun {long int} wcstol (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +The @code{wcstol} function is equivalent in nearly all aspect to the +@code{strtol} function but it handles wide character string. + +The @code{wcstol} function was introduced in @w{Amendment 1} of @w{ISO C90}. +@end deftypefun + @comment stdlib.h @comment ISO -@deftypefun {unsigned long int} strtoul (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +@deftypefun {unsigned long int} strtoul (const char *retrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) The @code{strtoul} (``string-to-unsigned-long'') function is like @code{strtol} except it converts to an @code{unsigned long int} value. The syntax is the same as described above for @code{strtol}. The value @@ -2141,9 +2156,18 @@ and an input more negative than @code{LONG_MIN} returns range, or @code{ERANGE} on overflow. @end deftypefun +@comment wchar.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefun {unsigned long int} wcstoul (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +The @code{wcstoul} function is equivalent in nearly all aspect to the +@code{strtoul} function but it handles wide character string. + +The @code{wcstoul} function was introduced in @w{Amendment 1} of @w{ISO C90}. +@end deftypefun + @comment stdlib.h @comment ISO -@deftypefun {long long int} strtoll (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +@deftypefun {long long int} strtoll (const char *restrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) The @code{strtoll} function is like @code{strtol} except that it returns a @code{long long int} value, and accepts numbers with a correspondingly larger range. @@ -2157,30 +2181,66 @@ appropriate for the sign of the value. It also sets @code{errno} to The @code{strtoll} function was introduced in @w{ISO C99}. @end deftypefun +@comment wchar.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefun {long long int} wcstoll (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +The @code{wcstoll} function is equivalent in nearly all aspect to the +@code{strtoll} function but it handles wide character string. + +The @code{wcstoll} function was introduced in @w{Amendment 1} of @w{ISO C90}. +@end deftypefun + @comment stdlib.h @comment BSD -@deftypefun {long long int} strtoq (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +@deftypefun {long long int} strtoq (const char *restrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) @code{strtoq} (``string-to-quad-word'') is the BSD name for @code{strtoll}. @end deftypefun +@comment wchar.h +@comment GNU +@deftypefun {long long int} wcstoq (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +The @code{wcstoq} function is equivalent in nearly all aspect to the +@code{strtoq} function but it handles wide character string. + +The @code{wcstoq} function is a GNU extension. +@end deftypefun + @comment stdlib.h @comment ISO -@deftypefun {unsigned long long int} strtoull (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +@deftypefun {unsigned long long int} strtoull (const char *restrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) The @code{strtoull} function is related to @code{strtoll} the same way @code{strtoul} is related to @code{strtol}. The @code{strtoull} function was introduced in @w{ISO C99}. @end deftypefun +@comment wchar.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefun {unsigned long long int} wcstoull (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +The @code{wcstoull} function is equivalent in nearly all aspect to the +@code{strtoull} function but it handles wide character string. + +The @code{wcstoull} function was introduced in @w{Amendment 1} of @w{ISO C90}. +@end deftypefun + @comment stdlib.h @comment BSD -@deftypefun {unsigned long long int} strtouq (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +@deftypefun {unsigned long long int} strtouq (const char *restrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) @code{strtouq} is the BSD name for @code{strtoull}. @end deftypefun +@comment wchar.h +@comment GNU +@deftypefun {unsigned long long int} wcstouq (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +The @code{wcstouq} function is equivalent in nearly all aspect to the +@code{strtouq} function but it handles wide character string. + +The @code{wcstoq} function is a GNU extension. +@end deftypefun + @comment inttypes.h -@comment ??? -@deftypefun {long long int} strtoimax (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +@comment ISO +@deftypefun intmax_t strtoimax (const char *restrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) The @code{strtoimax} function is like @code{strtol} except that it returns a @code{intmax_t} value, and accepts numbers of a corresponding range. @@ -2190,21 +2250,36 @@ representable because of overflow, @code{strtoimax} returns either appropriate for the sign of the value. It also sets @code{errno} to @code{ERANGE} to indicate there was overflow. -The symbols for @code{strtoimax} are declared in @file{inttypes.h}. +See @ref{Integers} for a description of the @code{intmax_t} type. The +@code{strtoimax} function was introduced in @w{ISO C99}. +@end deftypefun -See @ref{Integers} for a description of the @code{intmax_t} type. +@comment wchar.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefun intmax_t wcstoimax (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +The @code{wcstoimax} function is equivalent in nearly all aspect to the +@code{strtoimax} function but it handles wide character string. +The @code{wcstoimax} function was introduced in @w{ISO C99}. @end deftypefun @comment inttypes.h -@comment ??? -@deftypefun uintmax_t strtoumax (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +@comment ISO +@deftypefun uintmax_t strtoumax (const char *restrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) The @code{strtoumax} function is related to @code{strtoimax} the same way that @code{strtoul} is related to @code{strtol}. -The symbols for @code{strtoimax} are declared in @file{inttypes.h}. +See @ref{Integers} for a description of the @code{intmax_t} type. The +@code{strtoumax} function was introduced in @w{ISO C99}. +@end deftypefun -See @ref{Integers} for a description of the @code{intmax_t} type. +@comment wchar.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefun uintmax_t wcstoumax (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}, int @var{base}) +The @code{wcstoumax} function is equivalent in nearly all aspect to the +@code{strtoumax} function but it handles wide character string. + +The @code{wcstoumax} function was introduced in @w{ISO C99}. @end deftypefun @comment stdlib.h @@ -2234,25 +2309,12 @@ The @code{atoll} function was introduced in @w{ISO C99}. It too is obsolete (despite having just been added); use @code{strtoll} instead. @end deftypefun -@c !!! please fact check this paragraph -zw -@findex strtol_l -@findex strtoul_l -@findex strtoll_l -@findex strtoull_l -@cindex parsing numbers and locales -@cindex locales, parsing numbers and -Some locales specify a printed syntax for numbers other than the one -that these functions understand. If you need to read numbers formatted -in some other locale, you can use the @code{strtoX_l} functions. Each -of the @code{strtoX} functions has a counterpart with @samp{_l} added to -its name. The @samp{_l} counterparts take an additional argument: a -pointer to an @code{locale_t} structure, which describes how the numbers -to be read are formatted. @xref{Locales}. - -@strong{Portability Note:} These functions are all GNU extensions. You -can also use @code{scanf} or its relatives, which have the @samp{'} flag -for parsing numeric input according to the current locale -(@pxref{Numeric Input Conversions}). This feature is standard. +All the functions mentioned in this section so far do not handle +alternative representations of characters as described in the locale +data. Some locales specify thousands separator and the way they have to +be used which can help to make large numbers more readable. To read +such numbers one has to use the @code{scanf} functions with the @samp{'} +flag. Here is a function which parses a string as a sequence of integers and returns the sum of them: @@ -2294,11 +2356,16 @@ sum_ints_from_string (char *string) @subsection Parsing of Floats @pindex stdlib.h -These functions are declared in @file{stdlib.h}. +The @samp{str} functions are declared in @file{stdlib.h} and those +beginning with @samp{wcs} are declared in @file{wchar.h}. One might +wonder about the use of @code{restrict} in the prototypes of the +functions in this section. It is seemingly useless but the @w{ISO C} +standard uses it (for the functions defined there) so we have to do it +as well. @comment stdlib.h @comment ISO -@deftypefun double strtod (const char *@var{string}, char **@var{tailptr}) +@deftypefun double strtod (const char *restrict @var{string}, char **restrict @var{tailptr}) The @code{strtod} (``string-to-double'') function converts the initial part of @var{string} to a floating-point number, which is returned as a value of type @code{double}. @@ -2394,6 +2461,24 @@ double} is a separate type). These functions have been GNU extensions and are new to @w{ISO C99}. @end deftypefun +@comment wchar.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefun double wcstod (const wchar_t *restrict @var{string}, wchar_t **restrict @var{tailptr}) +@comment stdlib.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefunx float wcstof (const wchar_t *@var{string}, wchar_t **@var{tailptr}) +@comment stdlib.h +@comment ISO +@deftypefunx {long double} wcstold (const wchar_t *@var{string}, wchar_t **@var{tailptr}) +The @code{wcstod}, @code{wcstof}, and @code{wcstol} functions are +equivalent in nearly all aspect to the @code{strtod}, @code{strtof}, and +@code{strtold} functions but it handles wide character string. + +The @code{wcstod} function was introduced in @w{Amendment 1} of @w{ISO +C90}. The @code{wcstof} and @code{wcstold} functions were introduced in +@w{ISO C99}. +@end deftypefun + @comment stdlib.h @comment ISO @deftypefun double atof (const char *@var{string}) |