Support __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT2__ feature test macro.

This patch implements support for the __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT2__ feature
test macro from ISO/IEC TR 24731-2:2010, thereby implementing one
possible approach for supporting ISO C feature test macros.

Recall that, as described in
<https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2016-05/msg00486.html>, these
macros work based on the definition when affected headers are
included, so cannot be handled once when the first system header is
included because that might not be one of the headers the particular
macro in question affects.
<https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2016-05/msg00680.html> expresses
views on possible approaches for implementation and
<https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2016-06/msg00039.html> follows
up on that.

This patch arranges things so that the relevant condition is
__GLIBC_USE (LIB_EXT2), following one of the suggestions given.
Headers using these macros include <bits/libc-header-start.h>, which
in turn includes <features.h>.  Headers must define
__GLIBC_INTERNAL_STARTING_HEADER_IMPLEMENTATION before including
<bits/libc-header-start.h>, to discourage inclusion outside glibc as
requested.  __USE_GNU conditions on affected functions are changed to
__GLIBC_USE (LIB_EXT2), while it's added as an additional alternative
on the conditions for functions already enabled for some POSIX
versions.

It would be possible to convert existing __USE_* conditionals to
__GLIBC_USE (with the relevant __GLIBC_USE_* being defined in
<features.h> where __USE_* are presently defined), and so make them
typo-proof (given -Wundef -Werror in glibc builds) because __GLIBC_USE
is used with #if not #ifdef / #if defined.

No attempt is made to enforce the rule about diagnosing different
definitions of __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT2__ when affected headers are
included; such a diagnostic is incompatible with multiple-include
guards on the affected headers, unless compiler extensions are added
to support it.

As previously noted, glibc does not implement all features from TR
24731-2:2010: the functions aswprintf vaswprintf getwdelim getwline
are not in glibc, although they would be appropriate to add if someone
wished to do so.  But I think it makes sense to support the feature
test macro if *any* of the controlled features are present in glibc.

Tested for x86_64 and x86 (testsuite, and that installed stripped
shared libraries are unchanged by the patch).

	* bits/libc-header-start.h: New file.
	* Makefile (headers): Add bits/libc-header-start.h.
	* include/features.h (__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT2__): Document.
	(__GLIBC_USE): New macro.
	* libio/stdio.h: Define
	__GLIBC_INTERNAL_STARTING_HEADER_IMPLEMENTATION and include
	<bits/libc-header-start.h> instead of including <features.h>.
	(fmemopen): Declare also if [__GLIBC_USE (LIB_EXT2)].
	(open_memstream): Likewise.
	(vasprintf): Declare if [__GLIBC_USE (LIB_EXT2)], not [__USE_GNU].
	(__asprintf): Likewise.
	(asprintf): Likewise.
	(__getdelim): Declare also if [__GLIBC_USE (LIB_EXT2)].
	(getdelim): Likewise.
	(getline): Likewise.
	* string/string.h: Define
	__GLIBC_INTERNAL_STARTING_HEADER_IMPLEMENTATION and include
	<bits/libc-header-start.h> instead of including <features.h>.
	(strdup): Declare also if [__GLIBC_USE (LIB_EXT2)]
	(strndup): Likewise.
	* wcsmbs/wchar.h: Define
	__GLIBC_INTERNAL_STARTING_HEADER_IMPLEMENTATION and include
	<bits/libc-header-start.h> instead of including <features.h>.
	(open_wmemstream): Declare also if [__GLIBC_USE (LIB_EXT2)].
	* manual/creature.texi (__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT2__): Document macro.

1 files changed, 16 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/include/features.h b/include/features.h
index 56d1c571b6..404014115a 100644
--- a/include/features.h
+++ b/include/features.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
    __STRICT_ANSI__	ISO Standard C.
    _ISOC99_SOURCE	Extensions to ISO C89 from ISO C99.
    _ISOC11_SOURCE	Extensions to ISO C99 from ISO C11.
+   __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT2__ Extensions to ISO C99 from TR 27431-2:2010.
    _POSIX_SOURCE	IEEE Std 1003.1.
    _POSIX_C_SOURCE	If ==1, like _POSIX_SOURCE; if >=2 add IEEE Std 1003.2;
 			if >=199309L, add IEEE Std 1003.1b-1993;
@@ -58,6 +59,10 @@
    These are defined by this file and are used by the
    header files to decide what to declare or define:
 
+   __GLIBC_USE (F)	Define things from feature set F.  This is defined
+			to 1 or 0; the subsequent macros are either defined
+			or undefined, and those tests should be moved to
+			__GLIBC_USE.
    __USE_ISOC11		Define ISO C11 things.
    __USE_ISOC99		Define ISO C99 things.
    __USE_ISOC95		Define ISO C90 AMD1 (C95) things.
@@ -90,7 +95,14 @@
    explicitly undefined if they are not explicitly defined.
    Feature-test macros that are not defined by the user or compiler
    but are implied by the other feature-test macros defined (or by the
-   lack of any definitions) are defined by the file.  */
+   lack of any definitions) are defined by the file.
+
+   ISO C feature test macros depend on the definition of the macro
+   when an affected header is included, not when the first system
+   header is included, and so they are handled in
+   <bits/libc-header-start.h>, which does not have a multiple include
+   guard.  Feature test macros that can be handled from the first
+   system header included are handled here.  */
 
 
 /* Undefine everything, so we get a clean slate.  */
@@ -139,6 +151,9 @@
 # define __GNUC_PREREQ(maj, min) 0
 #endif
 
+/* Whether to use feature set F.  */
+#define __GLIBC_USE(F)	__GLIBC_USE_ ## F
+
 /* _BSD_SOURCE and _SVID_SOURCE are deprecated aliases for
    _DEFAULT_SOURCE.  If _DEFAULT_SOURCE is present we do not
    issue a warning; the expectation is that the source is being