elf: Accept absolute (SHN_ABS) symbols whose value is zero [BZ #23307]

We have this condition in `check_match' (in elf/dl-lookup.c):

  if (__glibc_unlikely ((sym->st_value == 0 /* No value.  */
                         && stt != STT_TLS)
                        || ELF_MACHINE_SYM_NO_MATCH (sym)
                        || (type_class & (sym->st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF))))
    return NULL;

which causes all !STT_TLS symbols whose value is zero to be silently
ignored in lookup.  This may make sense for regular symbols, however not
for absolute (SHN_ABS) ones, where zero is like any value, there's no
special meaning attached to it.

Consequently legitimate programs fail, for example taking the
`elf/tst-absolute-sym' test case, substituting 0 for 0x55aa in
`elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.lds' and then trying to run the resulting
program we get this:

$ .../elf/tst-absolute-sym
.../elf/tst-absolute-sym: symbol lookup error: .../elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.so: undefined symbol: absolute
$

even though the symbol clearly is there:

$ readelf --dyn-syms .../elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.so | grep '\babsolute\b'
     7: 00000000     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT  ABS absolute
$

The check for the zero value has been there since forever or commit
d66e34cd4234/08162fa88891 ("Implemented runtime dynamic linker to
support ELF shared libraries.") dating back to May 2nd 1995, and the
problem triggers regardless of commit e7feec374c63 ("elf: Correct
absolute (SHN_ABS) symbol run-time calculation [BZ #19818]") being
present or not.

Fix the issue then, by permitting `sym->st_value' to be 0 for SHN_ABS
symbols in lookup.

	[BZ #23307]
	* elf/dl-lookup.c (check_match): Do not reject a symbol whose
	`st_value' is 0 if `st_shndx' is SHN_ABS.
	* elf/tst-absolute-zero.c: New file.
	* elf/tst-absolute-zero-lib.c: New file.
	* elf/tst-absolute-zero-lib.lds: New file.
	* elf/Makefile (tests): Add `tst-absolute-zero'.
	(modules-names): Add `tst-absolute-zero-lib'.
	(LDLIBS-tst-absolute-zero-lib.so): New variable.
	($(objpfx)tst-absolute-zero-lib.so): New dependency.
	($(objpfx)tst-absolute-zero: New dependency.

1 files changed, 38 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/elf/tst-absolute-zero.c b/elf/tst-absolute-zero.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6b998ba69e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/elf/tst-absolute-zero.c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/* BZ #23307 absolute zero symbol calculation main executable.
+   Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <support/check.h>
+#include <support/support.h>
+#include <support/test-driver.h>
+
+void *get_absolute (void);
+
+static int
+do_test (void)
+{
+  void *ref = (void *) 0;
+  void *ptr;
+
+  ptr = get_absolute ();
+  if (ptr != ref)
+    FAIL_EXIT1 ("Got %p, expected %p\n", ptr, ref);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#include <support/test-driver.c>