Change most internal uses of __gettimeofday to __clock_gettime.

Since gettimeofday will shortly be implemented in terms of
clock_gettime on all platforms, internal code should use clock_gettime
directly; in addition to removing a layer of indirection, this will
allow us to remove the PLT-bypass gunk for gettimeofday.  (We can't
quite do that yet, but it'll be coming later in this patch series.)
In many cases, the changed code does fewer conversions.

The changed code always assumes __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME)
cannot fail.  Most of the call sites were assuming gettimeofday could
not fail, but a few places were checking for errors.  POSIX says
clock_gettime can only fail if the clock constant is invalid or
unsupported, and CLOCK_REALTIME is the one and only clock constant
that's required to be supported.  For consistency I grepped the entire
source tree for any other places that checked for errors from
__clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME), found one, and changed it too.

(For the record, POSIX also says gettimeofday can never fail.)

(It would be nice if we could declare that GNU systems will always
support CLOCK_MONOTONIC as well as CLOCK_REALTIME; there are several
places where we are using CLOCK_REALTIME where _MONOTONIC would be
more appropriate, and/or trying to use _MONOTONIC and then falling
back to _REALTIME.  But the Hurd doesn't support CLOCK_MONOTONIC yet,
and it looks like adding it would involve substantial changes to
gnumach's internals and API.  Oh well.)

A few Hurd-specific files were changed to use __host_get_time instead
of __clock_gettime, as this seemed tidier.  We also assume this cannot
fail.  Skimming the code in gnumach leads me to believe the only way
it could fail is if __mach_host_self also failed, and our
Hurd-specific code consistently assumes that can't happen, so I'm
going with that.

With the exception of support/support_test_main.c, test cases are not
modified, mainly because I didn't want to have to figure out which
test cases were testing gettimeofday specifically.

The definition of GETTIME in sysdeps/generic/memusage.h had a typo and
was not reading tv_sec at all.  I fixed this.  It appears nobody has been
generating malloc traces on a machine that doesn't have a superseding
definition.

There are a whole bunch of places where the code could be simplified
by factoring out timespec subtraction and/or comparison logic, but I
want to keep this patch as mechanical as possible.

Checked on x86_64-linux-gnu, i686-linux-gnu, powerpc64le-linux-gnu,
powerpc64-linux-gnu, powerpc-linux-gnu, and aarch64-linux-gnu.

Reviewed-by: Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Lukasz Majewski <lukma@denx.de>

26 files changed, 137 insertions, 137 deletions

diff --git a/inet/deadline.c b/inet/deadline.c
index 6051f1fe0c..541c16bd9a 100644
--- a/inet/deadline.c
+++ b/inet/deadline.c
@@ -29,13 +29,7 @@ __deadline_current_time (void)
 {
   struct deadline_current_time result;
   if (__clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &result.current) != 0)
-    {
-      struct timeval current_tv;
-      if (__gettimeofday (&current_tv, NULL) == 0)
-        __libc_fatal ("Fatal error: gettimeofday system call failed\n");
-      result.current.tv_sec = current_tv.tv_sec;
-      result.current.tv_nsec = current_tv.tv_usec * 1000;
-    }
+    __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &result.current);
   assert (result.current.tv_sec >= 0);
   return result;
 }
diff --git a/login/logout.c b/login/logout.c
index d0d421cbf7..b8b38df19d 100644
--- a/login/logout.c
+++ b/login/logout.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <utmp.h>
+#include <time.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 
 int
@@ -45,10 +46,10 @@ logout (const char *line)
       /* Clear information about who & from where.  */
       memset (ut->ut_name, '\0', sizeof ut->ut_name);
       memset (ut->ut_host, '\0', sizeof ut->ut_host);
-      struct timeval tv;
-      __gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);
-      ut->ut_tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;
-      ut->ut_tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec;
+
+      struct timespec ts;
+      __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
+      TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL (&ut->ut_tv, &ts);
       ut->ut_type = DEAD_PROCESS;
 
       if (pututline (ut) != NULL)
diff --git a/login/logwtmp.c b/login/logwtmp.c
index 654f412ecb..eddba96f35 100644
--- a/login/logwtmp.c
+++ b/login/logwtmp.c
@@ -36,10 +36,9 @@ logwtmp (const char *line, const char *name, const char *host)
   strncpy (ut.ut_name, name, sizeof ut.ut_name);
   strncpy (ut.ut_host, host, sizeof ut.ut_host);
 
-  struct timeval tv;
-  __gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);
-  ut.ut_tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;
-  ut.ut_tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec;
+  struct timespec ts;
+  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
+  TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL (&ut.ut_tv, &ts);
 
   updwtmp (_PATH_WTMP, &ut);
 }
diff --git a/nis/nis_call.c b/nis/nis_call.c
index 1684de1c6d..5097e614ea 100644
--- a/nis/nis_call.c
+++ b/nis/nis_call.c
@@ -709,6 +709,7 @@ __nisfind_server (const_nis_name name, int search_parent,
   nis_error status;
   directory_obj *obj;
   struct timeval now;
+  struct timespec ts;
   unsigned int server_used = ~0;
   unsigned int current_ep = ~0;
 
@@ -718,7 +719,8 @@ __nisfind_server (const_nis_name name, int search_parent,
   if (*dir != NULL)
     return NIS_SUCCESS;
 
-  (void) gettimeofday (&now, NULL);
+  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
+  TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL (&now, &ts);
 
   if ((flags & NO_CACHE) == 0)
     *dir = nis_server_cache_search (name, search_parent, &server_used,
diff --git a/nptl/pthread_join_common.c b/nptl/pthread_join_common.c
index 8b55c380e9..4d91c6fbf2 100644
--- a/nptl/pthread_join_common.c
+++ b/nptl/pthread_join_common.c
@@ -47,15 +47,14 @@ timedwait_tid (pid_t *tidp, const struct timespec *abstime)
   /* Repeat until thread terminated.  */
   while ((tid = *tidp) != 0)
     {
-      struct timeval tv;
       struct timespec rt;
 
       /* Get the current time.  */
-      __gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);
+      __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &rt);
 
       /* Compute relative timeout.  */
-      rt.tv_sec = abstime->tv_sec - tv.tv_sec;
-      rt.tv_nsec = abstime->tv_nsec - tv.tv_usec * 1000;
+      rt.tv_sec = abstime->tv_sec - rt.tv_sec;
+      rt.tv_nsec = abstime->tv_nsec - rt.tv_nsec;
       if (rt.tv_nsec < 0)
         {
           rt.tv_nsec += 1000000000;
diff --git a/nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c b/nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
index c9bb3b9176..d6f0d9e31a 100644
--- a/nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
+++ b/nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
@@ -567,15 +567,14 @@ __pthread_mutex_clocklock_common (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 			goto failpp;
 		      }
 
-		    struct timeval tv;
 		    struct timespec rt;
 
 		    /* Get the current time.  */
-		    (void) __gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);
+		    __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &rt);
 
 		    /* Compute relative timeout.  */
-		    rt.tv_sec = abstime->tv_sec - tv.tv_sec;
-		    rt.tv_nsec = abstime->tv_nsec - tv.tv_usec * 1000;
+		    rt.tv_sec = abstime->tv_sec - rt.tv_sec;
+		    rt.tv_nsec = abstime->tv_nsec - rt.tv_nsec;
 		    if (rt.tv_nsec < 0)
 		      {
 			rt.tv_nsec += 1000000000;
diff --git a/nscd/nscd_helper.c b/nscd/nscd_helper.c
index d326a380ee..7361fe2e0a 100644
--- a/nscd/nscd_helper.c
+++ b/nscd/nscd_helper.c
@@ -59,9 +59,10 @@ wait_on_socket (int sock, long int usectmo)
       /* Handle the case where the poll() call is interrupted by a
 	 signal.  We cannot just use TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY since it might
 	 lead to infinite loops.  */
-      struct timeval now;
-      (void) __gettimeofday (&now, NULL);
-      long int end = now.tv_sec * 1000 + usectmo + (now.tv_usec + 500) / 1000;
+      struct timespec now;
+      __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+      long int end = (now.tv_sec * 1000 + usectmo
+                      + (now.tv_nsec + 500000) / 1000000);
       long int timeout = usectmo;
       while (1)
 	{
@@ -70,8 +71,9 @@ wait_on_socket (int sock, long int usectmo)
 	    break;
 
 	  /* Recompute the timeout time.  */
-	  (void) __gettimeofday (&now, NULL);
-	  timeout = end - (now.tv_sec * 1000 + (now.tv_usec + 500) / 1000);
+          __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+	  timeout = end - ((now.tv_sec * 1000
+                            + (now.tv_nsec + 500000) / 1000000));
 	}
     }
 
@@ -191,9 +193,7 @@ open_socket (request_type type, const char *key, size_t keylen)
   memcpy (reqdata->key, key, keylen);
 
   bool first_try = true;
-  struct timeval tvend;
-  /* Fake initializing tvend.  */
-  asm ("" : "=m" (tvend));
+  struct timespec tvend = { 0, 0 };
   while (1)
     {
 #ifndef MSG_NOSIGNAL
@@ -212,18 +212,18 @@ open_socket (request_type type, const char *key, size_t keylen)
 
       /* The daemon is busy wait for it.  */
       int to;
-      struct timeval now;
-      (void) __gettimeofday (&now, NULL);
+      struct timespec now;
+      __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
       if (first_try)
 	{
-	  tvend.tv_usec = now.tv_usec;
+	  tvend.tv_nsec = now.tv_nsec;
 	  tvend.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + 5;
 	  to = 5 * 1000;
 	  first_try = false;
 	}
       else
 	to = ((tvend.tv_sec - now.tv_sec) * 1000
-	      + (tvend.tv_usec - now.tv_usec) / 1000);
+	      + (tvend.tv_nsec - now.tv_nsec) / 1000000);
 
       struct pollfd fds[1];
       fds[0].fd = sock;
diff --git a/resolv/gai_misc.c b/resolv/gai_misc.c
index 8738359d81..760c33ac29 100644
--- a/resolv/gai_misc.c
+++ b/resolv/gai_misc.c
@@ -357,13 +357,13 @@ handle_requests (void *arg)
 	 something to arrive in it. */
       if (runp == NULL && optim.gai_idle_time >= 0)
 	{
-	  struct timeval now;
+	  struct timespec now;
 	  struct timespec wakeup_time;
 
 	  ++idle_thread_count;
-	  gettimeofday (&now, NULL);
+          __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
 	  wakeup_time.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + optim.gai_idle_time;
-	  wakeup_time.tv_nsec = now.tv_usec * 1000;
+	  wakeup_time.tv_nsec = now.tv_nsec;
 	  if (wakeup_time.tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
 	    {
 	      wakeup_time.tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
diff --git a/resolv/gai_suspend.c b/resolv/gai_suspend.c
index 16d6998980..b8c642bddc 100644
--- a/resolv/gai_suspend.c
+++ b/resolv/gai_suspend.c
@@ -91,11 +91,11 @@ gai_suspend (const struct gaicb *const list[], int ent,
 	{
 	  /* We have to convert the relative timeout value into an
 	     absolute time value with pthread_cond_timedwait expects.  */
-	  struct timeval now;
+	  struct timespec now;
 	  struct timespec abstime;
 
-	  __gettimeofday (&now, NULL);
-	  abstime.tv_nsec = timeout->tv_nsec + now.tv_usec * 1000;
+          __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+	  abstime.tv_nsec = timeout->tv_nsec + now.tv_nsec;
 	  abstime.tv_sec = timeout->tv_sec + now.tv_sec;
 	  if (abstime.tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
 	    {
diff --git a/resolv/res_send.c b/resolv/res_send.c
index 6b9c73f820..47bfba6747 100644
--- a/resolv/res_send.c
+++ b/resolv/res_send.c
@@ -172,12 +172,7 @@ evCmpTime(struct timespec a, struct timespec b) {
 
 static void
 evNowTime(struct timespec *res) {
-	struct timeval now;
-
-	if (gettimeofday(&now, NULL) < 0)
-		evConsTime(res, 0, 0);
-	else
-		TIMEVAL_TO_TIMESPEC (&now, res);
+	__clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, res);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/sunrpc/auth_des.c b/sunrpc/auth_des.c
index 5b6f985bc2..d26820a701 100644
--- a/sunrpc/auth_des.c
+++ b/sunrpc/auth_des.c
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include <rpc/xdr.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>		/* XXX: just to get htonl() and ntohl() */
 #include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <time.h>
 #include <shlib-compat.h>
 
 #define MILLION		1000000L
@@ -246,15 +247,15 @@ authdes_marshal (AUTH *auth, XDR *xdrs)
   int status;
   int len;
   register int32_t *ixdr;
-  struct timeval tval;
+  struct timespec now;
 
   /*
    * Figure out the "time", accounting for any time difference
    * with the server if necessary.
    */
-  __gettimeofday (&tval, (struct timezone *) NULL);
-  ad->ad_timestamp.tv_sec = tval.tv_sec + ad->ad_timediff.tv_sec;
-  ad->ad_timestamp.tv_usec = tval.tv_usec + ad->ad_timediff.tv_usec;
+  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+  ad->ad_timestamp.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + ad->ad_timediff.tv_sec;
+  ad->ad_timestamp.tv_usec = (now.tv_nsec / 1000) + ad->ad_timediff.tv_usec;
   if (ad->ad_timestamp.tv_usec >= MILLION)
     {
       ad->ad_timestamp.tv_usec -= MILLION;
@@ -445,21 +446,23 @@ authdes_destroy (AUTH *auth)
 static bool_t
 synchronize (struct sockaddr *syncaddr, struct rpc_timeval *timep)
 {
-  struct timeval mytime;
+  struct timespec mytime;
   struct rpc_timeval timeout;
+  long int myusec;
 
   timeout.tv_sec = RTIME_TIMEOUT;
   timeout.tv_usec = 0;
   if (rtime ((struct sockaddr_in *) syncaddr, timep, &timeout) < 0)
     return FALSE;
 
-  __gettimeofday (&mytime, (struct timezone *) NULL);
+  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &mytime);
   timep->tv_sec -= mytime.tv_sec;
-  if (mytime.tv_usec > timep->tv_usec)
+  myusec = mytime.tv_nsec / 1000;
+  if (myusec > timep->tv_usec)
     {
       timep->tv_sec -= 1;
       timep->tv_usec += MILLION;
     }
-  timep->tv_usec -= mytime.tv_usec;
+  timep->tv_usec -= myusec;
   return TRUE;
 }
diff --git a/sunrpc/auth_unix.c b/sunrpc/auth_unix.c
index b035fdd870..ff0d2eb933 100644
--- a/sunrpc/auth_unix.c
+++ b/sunrpc/auth_unix.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
 #include <libintl.h>
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <wchar.h>
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ authunix_create (char *machname, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, int len,
 {
   struct authunix_parms aup;
   char mymem[MAX_AUTH_BYTES];
-  struct timeval now;
+  struct timespec now;
   XDR xdrs;
   AUTH *auth;
   struct audata *au;
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ no_memory:
   /*
    * fill in param struct from the given params
    */
-  (void) __gettimeofday (&now, (struct timezone *) 0);
+  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
   aup.aup_time = now.tv_sec;
   aup.aup_machname = machname;
   aup.aup_uid = uid;
@@ -276,7 +277,7 @@ authunix_refresh (AUTH *auth)
 {
   struct audata *au = AUTH_PRIVATE (auth);
   struct authunix_parms aup;
-  struct timeval now;
+  struct timespec now;
   XDR xdrs;
   int stat;
 
@@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ authunix_refresh (AUTH *auth)
     goto done;
 
   /* update the time and serialize in place */
-  (void) __gettimeofday (&now, (struct timezone *) 0);
+  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
   aup.aup_time = now.tv_sec;
   xdrs.x_op = XDR_ENCODE;
   XDR_SETPOS (&xdrs, 0);
diff --git a/sunrpc/create_xid.c b/sunrpc/create_xid.c
index 1339615a1b..c692c1eb92 100644
--- a/sunrpc/create_xid.c
+++ b/sunrpc/create_xid.c
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ _create_xid (void)
   pid_t pid = getpid ();
   if (is_initialized != pid)
     {
-      struct timeval now;
+      struct timespec now;
 
-      __gettimeofday (&now, (struct timezone *) 0);
-      __srand48_r (now.tv_sec ^ now.tv_usec ^ pid,
+      __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+      __srand48_r (now.tv_sec ^ now.tv_nsec ^ pid,
 		   &__rpc_lrand48_data);
       is_initialized = pid;
     }
diff --git a/sunrpc/svcauth_des.c b/sunrpc/svcauth_des.c
index c5a512d6f8..7607abc818 100644
--- a/sunrpc/svcauth_des.c
+++ b/sunrpc/svcauth_des.c
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
+#include <time.h>
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <rpc/rpc.h>
@@ -295,7 +296,11 @@ _svcauth_des (register struct svc_req *rqst, register struct rpc_msg *msg)
 	debug ("timestamp before last seen");
 	return AUTH_REJECTEDVERF;	/* replay */
       }
-    __gettimeofday (&current, (struct timezone *) NULL);
+    {
+      struct timespec now;
+      __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+      TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL (&current, &now);
+    }
     current.tv_sec -= window;	/* allow for expiration */
     if (!BEFORE (&current, &timestamp))
       {
diff --git a/support/support_test_main.c b/support/support_test_main.c
index 0be1bd3d78..1df6e4f976 100644
--- a/support/support_test_main.c
+++ b/support/support_test_main.c
@@ -91,16 +91,18 @@ static pid_t test_pid;
 static void (*cleanup_function) (void);
 
 static void
-print_timestamp (const char *what, struct timeval tv)
+print_timestamp (const char *what, struct timespec tv)
 {
   struct tm tm;
+  /* Casts of tv.tv_nsec below are necessary because the type of
+     tv_nsec is not literally long int on all supported platforms.  */
   if (gmtime_r (&tv.tv_sec, &tm) == NULL)
-    printf ("%s: %lld.%06d\n",
-            what, (long long int) tv.tv_sec, (int) tv.tv_usec);
+    printf ("%s: %lld.%09ld\n",
+            what, (long long int) tv.tv_sec, (long int) tv.tv_nsec);
   else
-    printf ("%s: %04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02d.%06d\n",
+    printf ("%s: %04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02d.%09ld\n",
             what, 1900 + tm.tm_year, tm.tm_mon + 1, tm.tm_mday,
-            tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, (int) tv.tv_usec);
+            tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, (long int) tv.tv_nsec);
 }
 
 /* Timeout handler.  We kill the child and exit with an error.  */
@@ -113,8 +115,8 @@ signal_handler (int sig)
 
   /* Do this first to avoid further interference from the
      subprocess.  */
-  struct timeval now;
-  bool now_available = gettimeofday (&now, NULL) == 0;
+  struct timespec now;
+  clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
   struct stat64 st;
   bool st_available = fstat64 (STDOUT_FILENO, &st) == 0 && st.st_mtime != 0;
 
@@ -168,12 +170,9 @@ signal_handler (int sig)
     printf ("Timed out: killed the child process but it exited %d\n",
             WEXITSTATUS (status));
 
-  if (now_available)
-    print_timestamp ("Termination time", now);
+  print_timestamp ("Termination time", now);
   if (st_available)
-    print_timestamp ("Last write to standard output",
-                     (struct timeval) { st.st_mtim.tv_sec,
-                         st.st_mtim.tv_nsec / 1000 });
+    print_timestamp ("Last write to standard output", st.st_mtim);
 
   /* Exit with an error.  */
   exit (1);
diff --git a/sysdeps/generic/memusage.h b/sysdeps/generic/memusage.h
index 400fe23f29..88b291e3fa 100644
--- a/sysdeps/generic/memusage.h
+++ b/sysdeps/generic/memusage.h
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #endif
 
 #ifndef GETTIME
-# define GETTIME(low,high) \
-  {									      \
-    struct timeval tval;						      \
-    uint64_t usecs;							      \
-    gettimeofday (&tval, NULL);						      \
-    usecs = (uint64_t) tval.tv_usec + (uint64_t) tval.tv_usec * 1000000;      \
-    low = usecs & 0xffffffff;						      \
-    high = usecs >> 32;							      \
+# define GETTIME(low,high)						   \
+  {									   \
+    struct timespec now;						   \
+    uint64_t usecs;							   \
+    clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);				   \
+    usecs = (uint64_t)now.tv_nsec / 1000 + (uint64_t)now.tv_sec * 1000000; \
+    low = usecs & 0xffffffff;						   \
+    high = usecs >> 32;							   \
   }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/sysdeps/mach/hurd/getitimer.c b/sysdeps/mach/hurd/getitimer.c
index f332f0e681..0982357815 100644
--- a/sysdeps/mach/hurd/getitimer.c
+++ b/sysdeps/mach/hurd/getitimer.c
@@ -19,8 +19,9 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <hurd.h>
+#include <mach.h>
 
-/* XXX Temporary cheezoid implementation; see __setitmr.c.  */
+/* XXX Temporary cheezoid implementation; see setitimer.c.  */
 
 /* These are defined in __setitmr.c.  */
 extern spin_lock_t _hurd_itimer_lock;
@@ -61,8 +62,12 @@ __getitimer (enum __itimer_which which, struct itimerval *value)
     }
 
   /* Get the time now.  */
-  if (__gettimeofday (&elapsed, NULL) < 0)
-    return -1;
+  {
+     time_value_t tv;
+     __host_get_time (__mach_host_self (), &tv);
+     elapsed.tv_sec = tv.seconds;
+     elapsed.tv_usec = tv.microseconds;
+  }
 
   /* Extract the current timer setting; and the time it was set, so we can
      calculate the time elapsed so far.  */
diff --git a/sysdeps/mach/hurd/setitimer.c b/sysdeps/mach/hurd/setitimer.c
index 34b433914c..2aab365c31 100644
--- a/sysdeps/mach/hurd/setitimer.c
+++ b/sysdeps/mach/hurd/setitimer.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <hurd/signal.h>
 #include <hurd/sigpreempt.h>
 #include <hurd/msg_request.h>
+#include <mach.h>
 #include <mach/message.h>
 
 /* XXX Temporary cheezoid implementation of ITIMER_REAL/SIGALRM.  */
@@ -243,12 +244,12 @@ setitimer_locked (const struct itimerval *new, struct itimerval *old,
   if ((newval.it_value.tv_sec | newval.it_value.tv_usec) != 0 || old != NULL)
     {
       /* Calculate how much time is remaining for the pending alarm.  */
-      if (__gettimeofday (&now, NULL) < 0)
-	{
-	  __spin_unlock (&_hurd_itimer_lock);
-	  _hurd_critical_section_unlock (crit);
-	  return -1;
-	}
+      {
+	time_value_t tv;
+	__host_get_time (__mach_host_self (), &tv);
+	now.tv_sec = tv.seconds;
+	now.tv_usec = tv.microseconds;
+      }
       elapsed = now;
       subtract_timeval (&elapsed, &_hurd_itimer_started);
       remaining = _hurd_itimerval.it_value;
diff --git a/sysdeps/mach/hurd/times.c b/sysdeps/mach/hurd/times.c
index 3aac803c51..56a0062cd5 100644
--- a/sysdeps/mach/hurd/times.c
+++ b/sysdeps/mach/hurd/times.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ __times (struct tms *tms)
   struct task_basic_info bi;
   struct task_thread_times_info tti;
   mach_msg_type_number_t count;
-  union { time_value_t tvt; struct timeval tv; } now;
+  time_value_t now;
   error_t err;
 
   count = TASK_BASIC_INFO_COUNT;
@@ -65,10 +65,9 @@ __times (struct tms *tms)
   /* XXX This can't be implemented until getrusage(RUSAGE_CHILDREN) can be.  */
   tms->tms_cutime = tms->tms_cstime = 0;
 
-  if (__gettimeofday (&now.tv, NULL) < 0)
-    return -1;
+  __host_get_time (__mach_host_self (), &now);
 
-  return (clock_from_time_value (&now.tvt)
+  return (clock_from_time_value (&now)
 	  - clock_from_time_value (&bi.creation_time));
 }
 weak_alias (__times, times)
diff --git a/sysdeps/mach/nanosleep.c b/sysdeps/mach/nanosleep.c
index 555251f842..b60a2179f6 100644
--- a/sysdeps/mach/nanosleep.c
+++ b/sysdeps/mach/nanosleep.c
@@ -18,16 +18,26 @@
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <mach.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+# define timespec_sub(a, b, result)					      \
+  do {									      \
+    (result)->tv_sec = (a)->tv_sec - (b)->tv_sec;			      \
+    (result)->tv_nsec = (a)->tv_nsec - (b)->tv_nsec;			      \
+    if ((result)->tv_nsec < 0) {					      \
+      --(result)->tv_sec;						      \
+      (result)->tv_nsec += 1000000000;					      \
+    }									      \
+  } while (0)
+
 int
 __libc_nanosleep (const struct timespec *requested_time,
-	     struct timespec *remaining)
+                  struct timespec *remaining)
 {
   mach_port_t recv;
-  struct timeval before, after;
+  struct timespec before;
+  error_t err;
 
   if (requested_time->tv_sec < 0
       || ! valid_nanoseconds (requested_time->tv_nsec))
@@ -42,20 +52,20 @@ __libc_nanosleep (const struct timespec *requested_time,
 
   recv = __mach_reply_port ();
 
-  if (remaining && __gettimeofday (&before, NULL) < 0)
-    return -1;
-  error_t err = __mach_msg (NULL, MACH_RCV_MSG|MACH_RCV_TIMEOUT|MACH_RCV_INTERRUPT,
-			    0, 0, recv, ms, MACH_PORT_NULL);
+  if (remaining != 0)
+    __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &before);
+
+  err = __mach_msg (NULL, MACH_RCV_MSG|MACH_RCV_TIMEOUT|MACH_RCV_INTERRUPT,
+                    0, 0, recv, ms, MACH_PORT_NULL);
   __mach_port_destroy (mach_task_self (), recv);
   if (err == EMACH_RCV_INTERRUPTED)
     {
-      if (remaining && __gettimeofday (&after, NULL) >= 0)
+      if (remaining != 0)
 	{
-	  struct timeval req_time, elapsed, rem;
-	  TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL (&req_time, requested_time);
-	  timersub (&after, &before, &elapsed);
-	  timersub (&req_time, &elapsed, &rem);
-	  TIMEVAL_TO_TIMESPEC (&rem, remaining);
+	  struct timespec after, elapsed;
+	  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &after);
+	  timespec_sub (&after, &before, &elapsed);
+	  timespec_sub (requested_time, &elapsed, remaining);
 	}
 
       errno = EINTR;
diff --git a/sysdeps/mach/usleep.c b/sysdeps/mach/usleep.c
index 3b79857c5d..578540d065 100644
--- a/sysdeps/mach/usleep.c
+++ b/sysdeps/mach/usleep.c
@@ -25,17 +25,12 @@ int
 usleep (useconds_t useconds)
 {
   mach_port_t recv;
-  struct timeval before, after;
 
   recv = __mach_reply_port ();
 
-  if (__gettimeofday (&before, NULL) < 0)
-    return -1;
   (void) __mach_msg (NULL, MACH_RCV_MSG|MACH_RCV_TIMEOUT|MACH_RCV_INTERRUPT,
 		     0, 0, recv, (useconds + 999) / 1000, MACH_PORT_NULL);
   __mach_port_destroy (mach_task_self (), recv);
-  if (__gettimeofday (&after, NULL) < 0)
-    return -1;
 
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sysdeps/posix/tempname.c b/sysdeps/posix/tempname.c
index a248472540..692c336452 100644
--- a/sysdeps/posix/tempname.c
+++ b/sysdeps/posix/tempname.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <time.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@
 # define struct_stat64 struct stat
 # define __gen_tempname gen_tempname
 # define __getpid getpid
-# define __gettimeofday gettimeofday
 # define __mkdir mkdir
 # define __open open
 # define __lxstat64(version, file, buf) lstat (file, buf)
@@ -76,9 +75,9 @@
 # else
 # define RANDOM_BITS(Var) \
     {                                                                         \
-      struct timeval tv;                                                      \
-      __gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);                                             \
-      (Var) = ((uint64_t) tv.tv_usec << 16) ^ tv.tv_sec;                      \
+      struct timespec ts;                                                     \
+      clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);                                    \
+      (Var) = ((uint64_t) tv.tv_nsec << 16) ^ tv.tv_sec;                      \
     }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/sysdeps/posix/timespec_get.c b/sysdeps/posix/timespec_get.c
index 1fc18ac648..e3146da2d3 100644
--- a/sysdeps/posix/timespec_get.c
+++ b/sysdeps/posix/timespec_get.c
@@ -23,16 +23,10 @@
 int
 timespec_get (struct timespec *ts, int base)
 {
-  switch (base)
+  if (base == TIME_UTC)
     {
-    case TIME_UTC:
-      if (__clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, ts) < 0)
-        return 0;
-      break;
-
-    default:
-      return 0;
+      __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, ts);
+      return base;
     }
-
-  return base;
+  return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sysdeps/pthread/aio_misc.c b/sysdeps/pthread/aio_misc.c
index 6ff0132ecb..65b4b1ade8 100644
--- a/sysdeps/pthread/aio_misc.c
+++ b/sysdeps/pthread/aio_misc.c
@@ -614,13 +614,13 @@ handle_fildes_io (void *arg)
 	 something to arrive in it. */
       if (runp == NULL && optim.aio_idle_time >= 0)
 	{
-	  struct timeval now;
+	  struct timespec now;
 	  struct timespec wakeup_time;
 
 	  ++idle_thread_count;
-	  __gettimeofday (&now, NULL);
+	  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
 	  wakeup_time.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + optim.aio_idle_time;
-	  wakeup_time.tv_nsec = now.tv_usec * 1000;
+	  wakeup_time.tv_nsec = now.tv_nsec;
 	  if (wakeup_time.tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
 	    {
 	      wakeup_time.tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
diff --git a/sysdeps/pthread/aio_suspend.c b/sysdeps/pthread/aio_suspend.c
index ad654e1d08..bb324a5fe6 100644
--- a/sysdeps/pthread/aio_suspend.c
+++ b/sysdeps/pthread/aio_suspend.c
@@ -183,11 +183,11 @@ aio_suspend (const struct aiocb *const list[], int nent,
 	{
 	  /* We have to convert the relative timeout value into an
 	     absolute time value with pthread_cond_timedwait expects.  */
-	  struct timeval now;
+	  struct timespec now;
 	  struct timespec abstime;
 
-	  __gettimeofday (&now, NULL);
-	  abstime.tv_nsec = timeout->tv_nsec + now.tv_usec * 1000;
+	  __clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+	  abstime.tv_nsec = timeout->tv_nsec + now.tv_nsec;
 	  abstime.tv_sec = timeout->tv_sec + now.tv_sec;
 	  if (abstime.tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
 	    {
diff --git a/sysdeps/unix/make-syscalls.sh b/sysdeps/unix/make-syscalls.sh
index b49e6b6305..fe24bbc78f 100644
--- a/sysdeps/unix/make-syscalls.sh
+++ b/sysdeps/unix/make-syscalls.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 # n: scalar buffer length (e.g., 3rd arg to read)
 # N: pointer to value/return scalar buffer length (e.g., 6th arg to recvfrom)
 # p: non-NULL pointer to typed object (e.g., any non-void* arg)
-# P: optionally-NULL pointer to typed object (e.g., 2nd argument to gettimeofday)
+# P: optionally-NULL pointer to typed object (e.g., 3rd argument to sigaction)
 # s: non-NULL string (e.g., 1st arg to open)
 # S: optionally-NULL string (e.g., 1st arg to acct)
 # v: vararg scalar (e.g., optional 3rd arg to open)