_nl_find_locale: Improve handling of crafted locale names [BZ #17137]

Prevent directory traversal in locale-related environment variables
(CVE-2014-0475).

6 files changed, 292 insertions, 15 deletions

diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index 5767e5c735..5ab0234b6e 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,5 +1,14 @@
 2014-07-02  Florian Weimer  <fweimer@redhat.com>
 
+	[BZ #17137]
+	* locale/findlocale.c (name_present, valid_locale_name): New
+	functions.
+	(_nl_find_locale): Use the loc_name variable to store name
+	candidates.  Call name_present and valid_locale_name to check and
+	validate locale names.  Return an error if the locale is invalid.
+
+2014-07-02  Florian Weimer  <fweimer@redhat.com>
+
 	* locale/setlocale.c (setlocale): Use strdup for allocating
 	composite name copy.
 
diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 3ef9162fbb..a6617a145e 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ Version 2.20
   16882, 16885, 16888, 16890, 16912, 16915, 16916, 16917, 16918, 16922,
   16927, 16928, 16932, 16943, 16958, 16965, 16966, 16967, 16977, 16978,
   16984, 16990, 16996, 17009, 17022, 17031, 17042, 17048, 17050, 17058,
-  17061, 17062, 17069, 17075, 17079, 17084, 17086, 17092, 17097, 17125.
+  17061, 17062, 17069, 17075, 17079, 17084, 17086, 17092, 17097, 17125,
+  17137.
 
 * Optimized strchr implementation for AArch64.  Contributed by ARM Ltd.
 
@@ -70,6 +71,15 @@ Version 2.20
   On configurations that support it (all Linux configurations), it's now
   used regardless of the --enable-add-ons switch to configure.  It is no
   longer possible to build such configurations without pthreads support.
+
+* Locale names, including those obtained from environment variables (LANG
+  and the LC_* variables), are more tightly checked for proper syntax.
+  setlocale will now fail (with EINVAL) for locale names that are overly
+  long, contain slashes without starting with a slash, or contain ".." path
+  components. (CVE-2014-0475)  Previously, some valid locale names were
+  silently replaced with the "C" locale when running in AT_SECURE mode
+  (e.g., in a SUID program).  This is no longer necessary because of the
+  additional checks.
 
 Version 2.19
 
diff --git a/locale/findlocale.c b/locale/findlocale.c
index bbaf708017..22e8b53032 100644
--- a/locale/findlocale.c
+++ b/locale/findlocale.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
 
 #include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -57,6 +58,45 @@ struct loaded_l10nfile *_nl_locale_file_list[__LC_LAST];
 
 const char _nl_default_locale_path[] attribute_hidden = LOCALEDIR;
 
+/* Checks if the name is actually present, that is, not NULL and not
+   empty.  */
+static inline int
+name_present (const char *name)
+{
+  return name != NULL && name[0] != '\0';
+}
+
+/* Checks that the locale name neither extremely long, nor contains a
+   ".." path component (to prevent directory traversal).  */
+static inline int
+valid_locale_name (const char *name)
+{
+  /* Not set.  */
+  size_t namelen = strlen (name);
+  /* Name too long.  The limit is arbitrary and prevents stack overflow
+     issues later.  */
+  if (__glibc_unlikely (namelen > 255))
+    return 0;
+  /* Directory traversal attempt.  */
+  static const char slashdot[4] = {'/', '.', '.', '/'};
+  if (__glibc_unlikely (memmem (name, namelen,
+				slashdot, sizeof (slashdot)) != NULL))
+    return 0;
+  if (namelen == 2 && __glibc_unlikely (name[0] == '.' && name [1] == '.'))
+    return 0;
+  if (namelen >= 3
+      && __glibc_unlikely (((name[0] == '.'
+			     && name[1] == '.'
+			     && name[2] == '/')
+			    || (name[namelen - 3] == '/'
+				&& name[namelen - 2] == '.'
+				&& name[namelen - 1] == '.'))))
+    return 0;
+  /* If there is a slash in the name, it must start with one.  */
+  if (__glibc_unlikely (memchr (name, '/', namelen) != NULL) && name[0] != '/')
+    return 0;
+  return 1;
+}
 
 struct __locale_data *
 internal_function
@@ -65,7 +105,7 @@ _nl_find_locale (const char *locale_path, size_t locale_path_len,
 {
   int mask;
   /* Name of the locale for this category.  */
-  char *loc_name;
+  char *loc_name = (char *) *name;
   const char *language;
   const char *modifier;
   const char *territory;
@@ -73,31 +113,39 @@ _nl_find_locale (const char *locale_path, size_t locale_path_len,
   const char *normalized_codeset;
   struct loaded_l10nfile *locale_file;
 
-  if ((*name)[0] == '\0')
+  if (loc_name[0] == '\0')
     {
       /* The user decides which locale to use by setting environment
 	 variables.  */
-      *name = getenv ("LC_ALL");
-      if (*name == NULL || (*name)[0] == '\0')
-	*name = getenv (_nl_category_names.str
+      loc_name = getenv ("LC_ALL");
+      if (!name_present (loc_name))
+	loc_name = getenv (_nl_category_names.str
 			+ _nl_category_name_idxs[category]);
-      if (*name == NULL || (*name)[0] == '\0')
-	*name = getenv ("LANG");
+      if (!name_present (loc_name))
+	loc_name = getenv ("LANG");
+      if (!name_present (loc_name))
+	loc_name = (char *) _nl_C_name;
     }
 
-  if (*name == NULL || (*name)[0] == '\0'
-      || (__builtin_expect (__libc_enable_secure, 0)
-	  && strchr (*name, '/') != NULL))
-    *name = (char *) _nl_C_name;
+  /* We used to fall back to the C locale if the name contains a slash
+     character '/', but we now check for directory traversal in
+     valid_locale_name, so this is no longer necessary.  */
 
-  if (__builtin_expect (strcmp (*name, _nl_C_name), 1) == 0
-      || __builtin_expect (strcmp (*name, _nl_POSIX_name), 1) == 0)
+  if (__builtin_expect (strcmp (loc_name, _nl_C_name), 1) == 0
+      || __builtin_expect (strcmp (loc_name, _nl_POSIX_name), 1) == 0)
     {
       /* We need not load anything.  The needed data is contained in
 	 the library itself.  */
       *name = (char *) _nl_C_name;
       return _nl_C[category];
     }
+  else if (!valid_locale_name (loc_name))
+    {
+      __set_errno (EINVAL);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+  *name = loc_name;
 
   /* We really have to load some data.  First we try the archive,
      but only if there was no LOCPATH environment variable specified.  */
diff --git a/localedata/ChangeLog b/localedata/ChangeLog
index 9dd3cf2c23..c22d27915e 100644
--- a/localedata/ChangeLog
+++ b/localedata/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+2014-07-02  Florian Weimer  <fweimer@redhat.com>
+
+	* tst-setlocale3.c: New file.
+	* Makefile (tests): Add tst-setlocale3.
+	(tst-setlocale3-ENV): New variable.
+
 2014-06-20  Stefan Liebler  <stli@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 
 	* Makefile (LOCALES): Add en_GB.UTF-8.
diff --git a/localedata/Makefile b/localedata/Makefile
index e8fe10fbdc..b6235f26c7 100644
--- a/localedata/Makefile
+++ b/localedata/Makefile
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ locale_test_suite := tst_iswalnum tst_iswalpha tst_iswcntrl            \
 tests = $(locale_test_suite) tst-digits tst-setlocale bug-iconv-trans \
 	tst-leaks tst-mbswcs1 tst-mbswcs2 tst-mbswcs3 tst-mbswcs4 tst-mbswcs5 \
 	tst-mbswcs6 tst-xlocale1 tst-xlocale2 bug-usesetlocale \
-	tst-strfmon1 tst-sscanf bug-setlocale1 tst-setlocale2 tst-wctype
+	tst-strfmon1 tst-sscanf bug-setlocale1 tst-setlocale2 tst-setlocale3 \
+	tst-wctype
 tests-static = bug-setlocale1-static
 tests += $(tests-static)
 ifeq (yes,$(build-shared))
diff --git a/localedata/tst-setlocale3.c b/localedata/tst-setlocale3.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e3b21a9170
--- /dev/null
+++ b/localedata/tst-setlocale3.c
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+/* Regression test for setlocale invalid environment variable handling.
+   Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+/* The result of setlocale may be overwritten by subsequent calls, so
+   this wrapper makes a copy.  */
+static char *
+setlocale_copy (int category, const char *locale)
+{
+  const char *result = setlocale (category, locale);
+  if (result == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+  return strdup (result);
+}
+
+static char *de_locale;
+
+static void
+setlocale_fail (const char *envstring)
+{
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", envstring, 1);
+  if (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, "") != NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("unexpected setlocale success for \"%s\" locale\n", envstring);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  const char *newloc = setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL);
+  if (strcmp (newloc, de_locale) != 0)
+    {
+      printf ("failed setlocale call \"%s\" changed locale to \"%s\"\n",
+	      envstring, newloc);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+setlocale_success (const char *envstring)
+{
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", envstring, 1);
+  char *newloc = setlocale_copy (LC_CTYPE, "");
+  if (newloc == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("setlocale for \"%s\": %m\n", envstring);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  if (strcmp (newloc, de_locale) == 0)
+    {
+      printf ("setlocale with LC_CTYPE=\"%s\" left locale at \"%s\"\n",
+	      envstring, de_locale);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  if (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, de_locale) == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("restoring locale \"%s\" with LC_CTYPE=\"%s\": %m\n",
+	      de_locale, envstring);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  char *newloc2 = setlocale_copy (LC_CTYPE, newloc);
+  if (newloc2 == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("restoring locale \"%s\" following \"%s\": %m\n",
+	      newloc, envstring);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  if (strcmp (newloc, newloc2) != 0)
+    {
+      printf ("representation of locale \"%s\" changed from \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
+	      envstring, newloc, newloc2);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  free (newloc);
+  free (newloc2);
+
+  if (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, de_locale) == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("restoring locale \"%s\" with LC_CTYPE=\"%s\": %m\n",
+	      de_locale, envstring);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Checks that a known-good locale still works if LC_ALL contains a
+   value which should be ignored.  */
+static void
+setlocale_ignore (const char *to_ignore)
+{
+  const char *fr_locale = "fr_FR.UTF-8";
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", fr_locale, 1);
+  char *expected_locale = setlocale_copy (LC_CTYPE, "");
+  if (expected_locale == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("setlocale with LC_CTYPE=\"%s\" failed: %m\n", fr_locale);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  if (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, de_locale) == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("failed to restore locale: %m\n");
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+
+  setenv ("LC_ALL", to_ignore, 1);
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", fr_locale, 1);
+  const char *actual_locale = setlocale (LC_CTYPE, "");
+  if (actual_locale == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("setlocale with LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE=\"%s\" failed: %m\n",
+	      fr_locale);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  if (strcmp (actual_locale, expected_locale) != 0)
+    {
+      printf ("setlocale under LC_ALL failed: got \"%s\", expected \"%s\"\n",
+	      actual_locale, expected_locale);
+      exit (1);
+    }
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setlocale_success (fr_locale);
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  free (expected_locale);
+}
+
+static int
+do_test (void)
+{
+  /* The glibc test harness sets this environment variable
+     uncondionally.  */
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+
+  de_locale = setlocale_copy (LC_CTYPE, "de_DE.UTF-8");
+  if (de_locale == NULL)
+    {
+      printf ("setlocale (LC_CTYPE, \"de_DE.UTF-8\"): %m\n");
+      return 1;
+    }
+  setlocale_success ("C");
+  setlocale_success ("en_US.UTF-8");
+  setlocale_success ("/en_US.UTF-8");
+  setlocale_success ("//en_US.UTF-8");
+  setlocale_ignore ("");
+
+  setlocale_fail ("does-not-exist");
+  setlocale_fail ("/");
+  setlocale_fail ("/../localedata/en_US.UTF-8");
+  setlocale_fail ("en_US.UTF-8/");
+  setlocale_fail ("en_US.UTF-8/..");
+  setlocale_fail ("en_US.UTF-8/../en_US.UTF-8");
+  setlocale_fail ("../localedata/en_US.UTF-8");
+  {
+    size_t large_length = 1024;
+    char *large_name = malloc (large_length + 1);
+    if (large_name == NULL)
+      {
+	puts ("malloc failure");
+	return 1;
+      }
+    memset (large_name, '/', large_length);
+    const char *suffix = "en_US.UTF-8";
+    strcpy (large_name + large_length - strlen (suffix), suffix);
+    setlocale_fail (large_name);
+    free (large_name);
+  }
+  {
+    size_t huge_length = 64 * 1024 * 1024;
+    char *huge_name = malloc (huge_length + 1);
+    if (huge_name == NULL)
+      {
+	puts ("malloc failure");
+	return 1;
+      }
+    memset (huge_name, 'X', huge_length);
+    huge_name[huge_length] = '\0';
+    /* Construct a composite locale specification. */
+    const char *prefix = "LC_CTYPE=de_DE.UTF-8;LC_TIME=";
+    memcpy (huge_name, prefix, strlen (prefix));
+    setlocale_fail (huge_name);
+    free (huge_name);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#define TEST_FUNCTION do_test ()
+#include "../test-skeleton.c"